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Professor Peter Cashman


  Kim Santow Chair in Law and Social Justice

  Director of Social Justice Program
 

Profile

Degrees

LLB DipCrim Melbourne LLM PhD Lond

Courses Taught

  • Expert Evidence
  • Civil and Criminal Procedure
  • Class Actions and Complex Litigation

Research Interests

  • Litigation
  • Advocacy
  • Civil litigation
  • Class action law
  • Legal applications of statistical methods and epidemiology
  • Product liability
  • Mass torts
  • Environmental law
  • Law reform

Publications

Books | Book Chapters | Articles | Reports | Conference Papers and Presentations

Books

  • Cashman, P, Practising Public Interest Law (with Ross Abbs), The Federation Press: Sydney (forthcoming)
  • Cashman, P, Class Action Law and Practice, The Federation Press: Sydney (2007)

Book Chapters

  • Abbs, R, Cashman, P & Stephens, T, 'Australia' in R Lord, S Goldberg, L Rajamani & J Brunnée (eds), Climate Change Liability: Transnational Law and Practice, Cambridge University Press: UK (2012) 67-111
  • Cashman, P, ‘Liability in Tort for Damage Arising From Human-Induced Climate Change' (with Ross Abbs) in R Lyster (ed), In the Wilds of Climate Law, Australian Academic Press: Australia (2010) 235-271
  • Cashman, P, ‘Clinical legal education: social justice, social experiment or social failure’ in P Keyzer (ed), Community Engagement in Contemporary Legal Education: Pro Bono, Clinical Legal Education and Service-Learning, Halstead Press: Sydney (2009) 63-75
  • Cashman, P, ‘Problems and prospects for investors in class action proceedings’ (with Ross Abbs) in K Lindgren (ed), Investor Class Actions, Ross Parsons Centre of Corporate and Taxation Law, University of Sydney: Sydney (2009) 61-100
  • Cashman, P, ‘Torts’ in T Bonyhardy (ed), Environmental Protection and Legal Change, The Federation Press: Sydney (1992) Chapter 5
  • Cashman, P, ‘Toxic tort and mass disasters’ in E Beerworth (ed), Contemporary Issues in Product Liability Law, The Federation Press: Sydney (1991) Chapter 5
  • Cashman, P, ‘Corporate power, government regulation and consumer resistance: product liability litigation’ in R Tomasic and R Lucas (eds), Power, Regulation and Resistance, Studies in the Sociology of Law, CCAE Series in Administrative Studies, No 8 (1988) Chapter 9

Articles

  • Kalajdzic, J, Cashman, P and Longmoore, A, 'Justice for Profit: A Comparative Analysis of Australian, Canadian and U.S. Third Party Litigation Funding' (2013) 61(2) American Journal of Comparative Law (forthcoming)
  • Cashman, P, ‘Review: Innovations in Evidence and Proof: Integrating Theory, Research and Teaching by Roberts and Redmayne (eds)’ (2008) 31(1) UNSW Law Journal 372-380
  • Mulheron, R & Cashman, P, ‘Third-Party Funding of Litigation: A Changing Landscape’ (2008) 27 (3) Civil Justice Quarterly 312-342
  • Cashman, P, ‘Class actions on behalf of clients: Is this permissible’ (2006) 80 Australian Law Journal 738-753
  • Cashman, P, ‘How tort reform is playing out in the system: the good, the bad and the ugly’ (2005) 27 Australian and New Zealand Institute of Insurance and Finance Journal 26-29
  • Cashman, P, ‘Litigation Funding for Representative Actions: Fostif Pty Ltd v Campbells Cash & Carry’ (2005) 68 Precedent 27-33
  • Cashman, P, ‘Class actions and toxic torts’ (2005) 69 Precedent 4-11
  • Cashman, P, ‘The foundations of APLA’ (2004) (July) Plaintiff 33-34
  • Cashman, P, ‘Tort reform and the medical indemnity crisis’ (2002) 25(3) UNSW Law Journal 888-894
  • Cashman, P, ‘Sunshine in litigation’ (2001) (February) Plaintiff 4-5
  • Cashman, P, ‘The medical indemnity crisis and tort reform’ (2001) (April) Plaintiff 4-5
  • Cashman, P, ‘The civil justice system and the prevention of injury’ (2001) (June) Plaintiff 4-5
  • Cashman, P, ‘On the need for damages reform’ (2000) (August) Plaintiff 4-5
  • Cashman, P, ‘Tort reform and medical negligence’ (2000) (April) Plaintiff 4-5
  • Cashman, P, ‘Pro-bono law: who benefits?’ (2000) (October) Plaintiff 4-5
  • Cashman, P, ‘Review: Legal Needs of Social Security Claimants and The Legal Needs of Institutionalised People’ (1988) 9(3) Australian Health Review

Reports

  • Cashman, P, Civil Justice Review, Report 14, Victorian Law Reform Commission (major author) (2008)
  • Cashman, P, Grouped Proceedings in the Federal Court, report of the Australian Law Reform Commission, AGPS (contributor) (1988)

Conference Papers and Presentations

  • Cashman, P, 'Who Owns Your Genes? Is the Patenting of Genetic Discoveries in the Public Interest?' presented at Sydney Law School Distinguished Scholars Lecture Series, Sydney, 10 August 2010
  • Cashman, P, 'Class Action law Reform in Australia' presented at Conference on Collective Redress and Litigation Funding, Sydney and Canberra, 11-13 December 2009
  • Cashman, P, 'Commentary on papers on the subject of "Fast Track Commercial Litigation and International Class Actions"' presented at International Commercial Litigation and Dispute Resolution Conference, Sydney, 27-28 November 2009
  • Cashman, P, 'Expert Evidence' presented at Judicial Training Seminar on Emerging Issues in Expert Evidence, Victoria, 2 October 2009
  • Cashman, P, ‘Class Actions and Investor Litigation’, presented at Rights, Regulation and Responsibility: Australian and Singaporean Perspectives Law Research Symposium, University of Sydney, 30-31 July 2009
  • Cashman, P, ‘Class Action Litigation in the Wake of the Financial Crisis’, presented at Hartnell Colloqium on Call in the Lawyers: Litigation in the Wake of the Financial Crisis, Canberra, 31 July 2009
  • Cashman, P & Abbs, R, ‘Problems and prospects for victims of cartels: the strengths and limitations of representative and class action proceedings’, presented at 2009 Competition Law Conference, Sydney, 23 May 2009
  • Cashman, P, ‘Problems and prospects for investors in class action proceedings’, presented at Investor Class Actions Conference, Federal Court of Australia, Ross Parsons Centre and Law Council of Australia, Federal Court, Sydney, 10 March 2009
  • Cashman, P & Abbs, R, ‘Tort liability for loss or damage arising from (human Induced) climate change’, Climate Change Litigation Roundtable, Law School, University of Sydney, 28 February 2009
  • Cashman, P, ‘Update on class action developments in Australian courts’ Conference on Globalization of Class Actions, Oxford, jointly sponsored by Oxford University and Stanford University, 2008
  • Cashman, P, Participant in 10th Justice and Society Symposium, The Cranlana Program, Melbourne, 2008
  • Cashman, P, ‘Clinical legal education: social justice, social experiment or social failure?’ Community Engagement Forum, Bond University, Gold Coast, 2008
  • Cashman, P, ‘Rolls Royce justice and the funding of civil litigation’ National Access to Justice and Pro Bono Conference, Sydney, Law Council of Australia and National Pro Bono Resource Centre, Sydney, 2008
  • Cashman, P, ‘Expert evidence in personal injury cases: principles, practices and problems’ Lexis/Nexis Conference on Personal Injury Law 2008, Sydney, 2008
  • Cashman, P, ‘Disclosure and discovery of information in legal disputes’ 2nd Annual Information Management and E Discovery Summit, Sydney , 2008
  • Cashman, P, ‘Civil justice reform in Victoria’ Legal Technology Conference 2008, Victorian Society for Computers and the Law, and the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 2008
  • Cashman, P, ‘Class actions; recent developments’, CLE Seminar, Maurice Byers Chambers, Sydney, 2008
  • Cashman, P, ‘Class actions and public interest remedies: where to next?’ Australian Insurance Law Association 2008 Twilight Seminar, Sydney, 2008
  • Cashman, P, ‘Reform of the civil justice system, Annual Conference of Australian Commercial Lawyers Association, Melbourne, 2008
  • Cashman, P, ‘Ethical and other standards governing the conduct of civil litigation in Australia’ Third international Legal Ethics Conference organized by Griffiths University, Gold Coast, 2008
  • Cashman, P, ‘Fees and funding: an Australian perspective’ Workshop on Costs Regimes, Australian National University, Canberra, 2008
  • Cashman, P, ‘Pre-action disclosure, discovery and obtaining information by oral examination’ Australian Institute for Judicial Administration Seminar on Discovery, Melbourne, 2007
  • Cashman, P, ‘Civil justice reform in Victoria’ Annual Conference of the Justices of the Victorian Supreme Court, Mansion House, Werribee,Victoria, 2007
  • Cashman, P, ‘Present directions of civil justice reform’ Victorian Corporate Counsel Conference, Melbourne, 2007
  • Cashman, P, ‘The cost of access to courts’ Confidence in the Courts Conference, National Judicial College and Australian National University, Canberra, 2007
  • Cashman, P, ‘Torts and environmental law’ (with Ross Abbs) Beyond Environmental Law Conference, Environmental Defender’s Office and Australian Centre for Environmental Law, Sydney University Law School, Sydney, 2007
  • Cashman, P, ‘From bleakhouse to outhouse- a modern review of civil procedure’ Conference on Evidence, Advocacy, Ethics and Practice Management, Queensland Bar Association, Gold Coast, 2007
  • Cashman, P, Participant in panel at Symposium New Uniform Expert Evidence Rules, Expert Witness Institute of Australia and Law School University of Sydney, Sydney, 2007
  • Cashman, P, ‘Civil justice reform and trade practices and commercial litigation’ Trade Practices Committee, Commercial Law section, law Institute of Victoria, Melbourne, 2007
  • Cashman, P, ‘ A Victorian perspective’ Legal Reform Summit 2007, Australian Financial Review, Sydney, 2007
  • Cashman, P, ‘Civil justice reform: present directions’ Conference of Victorian County Court Judges, Melbourne, 2007
  • Cashman, P, ‘Civil justice reform: good, bad or ugly’ Victorian State Conference, Australian Lawyers Alliance, Yarra Valley, Victoria, 2007
  • Cashman, P, Class actions roundtable, Law School, University of Melbourne, 2007
  • Cashman, P, ‘Report on class action developments, standing and res judicata in Australia’ prepared for World Conference on Procedural Law, Brazil, 2007
  • Cashman, P, Presentation at opening session and in workshop panel on SLAPP suits, Public Interest Advocacy 25th Anniversary Conference, Sydney, 2007
  • Cashman, P, ‘Proposed class action reform in Victoria’ Maurice Blackburn Cashman Conference on International Class Actions, Sydney, 2007
  • Cashman, P, Address to Annual dinner, Chartered Institute of Arbitrators, Melbourne, 2007
  • Cashman, P, ‘The treatment of foreign claimants in United States and international class action litigation’ International Class Actions Conference, Oxford, University of Oxford and Stanford University, 2007
  • Cashman, P, ‘Educating lawyers’ Australasian Law Teachers Conference, Melbourne, 2006
  • Cashman, P, ‘Investor class action litigation’ IMF Seminar on Shareholder’s Rights, Sydney, 2006
    Cashman, P, ‘Areas for reform of the civil justice system’ Commercial Bar Association Seminar, Melbourne, 2006
  • Cashman, P, ‘Achieving affordable justice: a comparison of recent developments and future directions of civil justice reform’ (with S Bence) National Conference, Australian Lawyers Alliance, Gold Coast, 2006
  • Cashman, P, ‘International civil litigation and procedural reform’ Global Legal Alliance Conference on The Legal Implications of Business Conduct in Europe and Beyond: Risks and Rights, Paris, 2006
  • Cashman, P, Address to President’s Luncheon, Law Institute of Victoria, Melbourne, 2006
  • Cashman, P, ‘The VLRC civil justice review’ Civil Justice Symposium, Melbourne University Law School, 2006
  • Cashman, P, Participant in focus group on class actions reform, Clayton Utz, Sydney, 2006
  • Cashman, P, Participant in panel session, Symposium on NSW Law Reform Commission report 109, Expert Witnesses: The Future, Expert Witness Institute of Australia and Sydney University Law School, Sydney, 2006
  • Cashman, P, ‘Civil procedure reform’ Victorian State Conference, Australian Lawyers Alliance, Yarra Valley, 2006
  • Cashman, P, ‘Investor class action litigation’ Seminar on Shareholder Activism, Commercial Law Association, Sydney, 2005
  • Cashman, P, ‘Civil Justice in New South Wales: A Proposal for Reform of the Reform Process’ New South Wales State Conference, Australian Lawyers Alliance, Peppers Fairmont Resort, Blue Mountains, 2005
  • Cashman, P, ‘Investor Claims: Australian and International Trade Practices Litigation’ NSW State Legal Conference, Wentworth Hotel, Sydney, 2005
  • Cashman, P, ‘Global Developments in Class or Group Actions’ International Seminar on Class Actions in Milan, Italy, convened by Cohen, Milstein, Hausfeld & Toll, PLLC, United States lawyers, 2005
  • Cashman, P, ‘Australian Class Action Laws and Procedures’ Annual Conference of the Association of Personal Injury Lawyers, Cardiff, UK, 2005
  • Cashman, P, ‘Recent Developments in Class Action Litigation in Australia’ International Conference on Class Actions in London, organised by Lieff Cabraser, United States lawyers, 2005
  • Cashman, P, ‘Environmental and Public Interest Litigation’ Seminar in Sydney, 2005
  • Cashman, P, ‘Investor Class Action Litigation’ Seminar on Shareholder Activitism Commercial Law Association, NSW State Library, Sydney, 2005
  • Cashman, P, ‘Adverse Drug Reactions: Litigation and Drug Regulation’ Health Law Seminar, convened by Centre for Health Governance, Law & Ethics, Faculty of Law, University of Sydney, 2005
  • Cashman, P, ‘Slapp Suits: Mounting a Counter Offensive and Selected Strategies’ Annual Conference of Combined Community Legal Centres, Hyde Hotel, Canberra, 2005
  • Cashman, P, ‘Funding and Costs in Class Actions’ University of New South Wales, Faculty of Law, CLE seminar on Advanced Litigation: Class Actions, 2005
  • Cashman, P, ‘Ethics of Advocacy’ Australian Lawyers Alliance National Conference, Cairns, 2005
  • Cashman, P, ‘Litigating Australian Claims in Other Countries: Prospects and Problems for Plaintiffs’ MBC International Class Actions Conference, Melbourne, 2005
  • Cashman, P, ‘Some Cutting Edge Developments in Medical Product Liability Litigation: Pacemaker Litigation in the Federal Court: Courtney v Medtel; Darcy v Medtel’ APLA NSW Conference, Manly Pacific Hotel, 2004
  • Cashman, P, ‘Insurers Getting off the Hook: Challenges for Plaintiffs Lawyers’ Session on Insurance Law NSW State Legal Conference, Wentworth Hotel, Sydney, 2004
  • Cashman, P, ‘The role of the community in pollution control and enforcement: private enforcement of environmental laws and the need for financial incentives’ Environmental Defender’s Office (NSW) Annual Conference, 2004: Pollution Management, Contemporary Challenges and Regulatory Innovation, 2004
  • Cashman, P, ‘Advanced Torts’ Guest Lecture, course on Advanced Torts at Macquarie University, Division of Law, 2004
  • Cashman, P, ‘Investor Class Actions: Problems from the Plaintiffs’ Perspective’ Corporations Workshop, Law Council of Australia, Business Law Section, Terrrigal, 2004
  • Cashman, P, ‘Civil Justice and Tort Reform’ Address at APLA 10th Anniversary Dinner, Parliament House, Sydney , 2004
  • Cashman, P, ‘International Developments in Product Liability Class Actions and Mass Tort Litigation’ NSW State Legal Conference, Sofitel Wentworth Hotel, Sydney, 2004
  • Cashman, P, ‘How Tort Reform is Playing out in the System: The Good, The Bad and The Ugly’’ Tort Reform Workshop, Australasian 2004 Claims Expo, Superdome, Homebush Bay, 2004
  • Cashman, P, ‘Product Liability: Current Issues and Recent Developments’ NSW State Legal Conference, Sydney Marriott Hotel, 2003
  • Cashman, P, ‘Strategic Civil Litigation and Public Advocacy’ UNSW Law Course on Strategic Public Advocacy for Civil Society, 2003
  • Cashman, P, ‘Defective Medical Devices and Drugs: Does Propensity for Injury Give Rise to Compensable Claims?’ Health Law Seminar on Medical Products and the Law, Sydney University, 2003
  • Cashman, P, ‘Product Liability Claims Under the Common Law’ Seminar on Product Liability Claims, The Grace Hotel, Sydney, 2003
  • Cashman, P, ‘International Toxic Tort Litigation’ 2003 APLA Conference Coolum Queensland, , 2003
  • Cashman, P, ‘Class Action Law & Practice in Australia’ International Seminar & Workshop on Class Actions, Hotel Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, 2002
  • Cashman, P, ‘Class Actions in Consumer and Commercial Litigation: How to Overcome Legal, Logistical and Procedural Problems’ LAAMS Seminar on Conducting a Class Action, Avillion Hotel, Sydney, 2002
  • Cashman, P, ‘The Future of Common Law’ APLA NSW State Conference, Manly Pacific Parkroyal, 2002
  • Cashman, P, ‘The Plaintiff’s Perspective’ NSW Branch, Australian Society of Anaesthetics Meeting ‘Stepping Outside the Circle, Anaesthetic Practice vs Legal Requirements’, AstraZeneca Conference Centre, North Ryde, 2002
  • Cashman, P, ‘Class Actions and Product Liability Litigation’ NSW State Legal Conference, Sydney, 2002
  • Cashman, P, ‘Trends in Injury and Compensation Litigation in Australia’ t Conference on Psychological and Psychiatric Trauma, Grace Hotel, Sydney, 2002
  • Cashman, P, ‘Private Enforcement of Competition and Consumer Protection Laws: The Need for Financial Incentives to Achieve Corrective Justice’ Australian Competition and Consumer Protection Conference on Competition and Consumer Protection Law Enforcement, The Regent Hotel, Sydney, 2002
  • Cashman, P, ‘Medical Negligence Litigation and the Medical Indemnity Crisis’ Annual Conference of The Health Services Association of NSW, Darling Harbour, 2002
  • Cashman, P, ‘Class Actions - The Foreign Claimant in the United States’ Annual Convention of ATLA, Atlanta, Georgia, 2002
  • Cashman, P, ‘Tobacco Litigation’ ASH Annual General Meeting, Canberra, 2002
  • Cashman, P, ‘Assessing the Suggested Solutions to the Crisis in Public Liability and Perspective’s on the Way Forward’ IIR Conference on Public Liability Insurance, Avillion Hotel Sydney, 2002
  • Cashman, P, ‘The Medical Indemnity Crisis - A Plaintiffs Perspective’ Concord Cardiovascular Group Clinical Meeting, Concord Hospital, 2002
  • Cashman, P, ‘Problems of Proof of Causation in Complex Litigation - Statistics, Epidemiology and the Meaning of Life’ APLA National Conference, Hobart, 2002
  • Cashman, P, ‘How Would Your Trial Stand Up In Court?’ International Clinical Trials Symposium, Darling Harbour, 2002
  • Cashman, P, ‘The Medical Indemnity Crisis’ Australian Society of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgeons Risk Management/Indemnity Symposium, Sheraton, Noosa, 2002
  • Cashman, P, ‘Remedies Where Wrongs Affect the Public’ SAAPIL International Conference, Park Hyatt Hotel, Rosebank, Johannesburg, South Africa, 2001
  • Cashman, P, ‘Class Actions in the Commercial World’ BLEC Conference Corporation Litigation Masterclass, Sydney Hilton Hotel, 2001
  • Cashman, P, ‘Class Actions in Consumer Law and Product Liability’ Butterworths Professional Education Seminar on Consumer and Product Liability Law, Sydney Hilton Hotel, 2001
  • Cashman, P, ‘A Plaintiff Lawyers Perspective on The Medical Indemnity Crisis’ Australian Orthopaedic Association Conference on The Rise and Rise of Medical Indemnity Costs, Airport Hilton Hotel, Sydney, 2001
  • Cashman, P, ‘Class Actions and Product Liability’ LAAMS Seminar on Product Liability, Southern Cross Hotel, Sydney, 2001
  • Cashman, P, ‘The Medical Indemnity Crisis and Tort Reform’ National Conference of the Australian Medical Association, Melbourne, 2001
  • Cashman, P, ‘Potential Legal Liability Arising out of Inadequate Clinical Trials’ Conference on Towards Best Practice: Clinical Research, Rydges, North Sydney, 2001
  • Cashman, P, ‘Address’ APLA Dinner, Adelaide, South Australia
  • Cashman, P, ‘Current Controversies in Class Action Litigation’ NSW State Legal Conference, Wentworth Hotel, Sydney, 2001
  • Cashman, P, ‘Recent Developments in Class Actions’ Inaugural Health Law Conference on New Developments in the Legal Regulation of Medicare and Health Care, NSW State Library, Sydney, 2001
  • Cashman, P, ‘Measuring the Quantum of Damages in Catastrophic Injury Cases’ Catastrophic Injury Conference, Merchant Court Hotel, Sydney, 2001
  • Cashman, P, ‘Tort Law Reform How Will It Affect Plaintiffs?’ Seminar on Tort Law Reform, Sheraton on Park, Sydney, 2000
  • Cashman, P, ‘Problems and Prospects For Plaintiffs in National and International Litigation: An Australian Perspective’ Hamline Pacific/Asia International Conference on Transnational Negotiation, Arbitration and Litigation, Westin Hotel, Sydney, 2000
  • Cashman, P, ‘Product Liability and Class Actions: The Current Filschie Clip Proceedings in Australia: Bright v Femcare’ 9th Annual Medico-Legal Congress, Carlton Crest Hotel, Sydney, 2000
  • Cashman, P, ‘Class Actions: Problems and Prospects’ 2000 Forensic Accounting Conference, Millennium Hotel, Sydney, 2000
  • Cashman, P, ‘Consumers and Class Actions’ UWS Macarthur, Public Address on Law, Social Change and Social Justice in the 21st Century, 2000
  • Cashman, P, ‘Class Actions from the Plaintiff's Perspective’ Annual Conference of the Australian Insurance Law Association, Regent Hotel, Sydney, 2000
  • Cashman, P, ‘Class Actions from the Plaintiffs Perspective’ Specialist Accreditation Personal Injury Conference 2000, Hyatt Hotel, Canberra, 2000
  • Cashman, P, ‘Class Action Laws and Procedures: An Australian Perspective’ Conference on Group Litigation, Geneva, Switzerland, 2000
  • Cashman, P, ‘The Private/Public Boundary: A Case Study of the Breast Implant Litigation’ First National Pro Bono Law Conference For the Public Good, National Convention Centre, Canberra, 2000
  • Cashman, P, ‘Choice of Law Rules and Other Complications in Complex Product Liability Litigation’ Session on Product Liability, State Legal Conference, Wentworth Hotel, Sydney, 2000
  • Cashman, P, ‘Key Issues in Australian Class Action Litigation - Lessons from the Local and International Trenches’ Symposium on Class Actions in Australia, La Trobe University, Melbourne, 2000
  • Cashman, P, ‘Working with Plaintiff Lawyers and Reducing the Claims Burden on the Insurance Industry’ Conference on Streamlining Personal Injury Claims Management to Reduce Claims Costs, The Avillion Hotel, Sydney, 2000
  • Cashman, P, ‘Product Liability’ IIR Conference on Managing Product Liability, Melbourne, 2000
  • Cashman, P, ‘Getting the most out of FOI as a Litigator’ Freedom of Information Law and Procedure Workshop Open Government Conference, Gazebo Hotel, Sydney, 1999
  • Cashman, P, ‘Blowing the Whistle on Manufacturers and Companies Responsible for Medical Devices’ 8th National Medico-Legal Conference, Millennium Hotel, Sydney, 1999
  • Cashman, P, ‘Use of Class Action in Australia and America’ Class Actions in Indonesia Workshop, Kartika Chandra Hotel, Jakarta, 1999
  • Cashman, P, ‘Product Liability and Medical Negligence’ BLEC Medico-Legal Masterclass, Melbourne, 1999
  • Cashman, P, ‘Class Actions: Using the Class Action as a Preventative Strategy’ Mission Impossible Conference: Preventing and Managing Disputes in the Year 2000, Parliament House, Sydney, 1999
  • Cashman, P, ‘Prospects and Pitfalls for Plaintiffs in Y2K Litigation’ Conference on Managing Y2K Litigation, Sebel, Sydney, 1999