%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Starling, Jean
%A Williams, Leanne M
%A Hainsworth, Cassandra
%A Harris, Anthony W
%T The presentation of early-onset psychotic disorders.
%B The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
%D 2013
%C Australia
%I Sage Publications Ltd.
%V 47
%N 1
%P 43-50
%@ 1440-1614
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Mayur, Prashanth
%A Harris, Anthony
%A Rennie, Chris
%A Byth, Karen
%T Comparison of Ictal Electroencephalogram Between Ultrabrief- and Brief-Pulse Right Unilateral Electroconvulsive Therapy: A Multitaper Jackknife Analysis.
%B The Journal of ECT
%D 2012
%C United States
%I Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
%V 28
%N 
%P 229-223
%@ 1533-4112
%X OBJECTIVE: Characterization of the ictal electroencephalogram (EEG) generated during ultrabrief pulse electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is important to progress its use in routine ECT practice particularly in indicating treatment efficacy. The study compared 2- to 5-Hz and 5.2- to 13-Hz bands of the ictal EEG signal between brief- and ultrabrief-pulse ECT. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with major depression were randomized to brief- (1 millisecond [ms]) and ultrabrief-pulse (0.3 ms) right unilateral ECT. In sessions 2 to 8, when patients in either group received 6 times threshold ECT, right and left frontal ictal EEG between ultrabrief (n = 60) and brief pulse (n = 63) were compared. Electroencephalographic spectra from 2- to 5-Hz and 5.2- to 13-Hz bands in the mid and postictal phases were subjected to multitaper jackknife analysis of spectral power density (??V/Hz) and its SD or "regularity" (??V/Hz), peak spectral frequency (Hz), and its standard deviation (SD) or regularity (Hz). Linear mixed-effect models were used to compare the outcomes. RESULTS: In ultrabrief ECT, spectral power density and its SD were significantly smaller within the mid seizure of both bands, whereas peak frequency and its SD were similar. Postseizure suppression of spectral power density of both bands was similar in either treatments. CONCLUSION: Lower spectral power densities were noted with ultrabrief-pulse ECT vis-a-vis brief-pulse ECT. However, in ultrabrief pulse ECT, regularity measures and postseizure suppression were comparable to brief-pulse ECT.
%Z FOR Codes: 110319 110999


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Mullin, Katherine
%A Gupta, Pal
%A Compton, Michael T
%A Nielssen, Olav
%A Harris, Anthony
%A Large, Matthew
%T Does giving up substance use work for patients with psychosis? A systematic meta-analysis.
%B The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
%D 2012
%C Australia
%I Sage Publications Ltd.
%V 46
%N 9
%P 826-839
%@ 1440-1614
%X Objective: To assess the extent to which ceasing the use of cannabis or other substances reduces the symptoms and social disability associated with psychotic illness.Methods: The electronic databases CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE and PsycINFO were searched for peer-reviewed publications in English that report data about the characteristics of current and former substance-using patients diagnosed with psychotic illnesses. The searches yielded 328 articles, of which 23 studies met the inclusion criteria. Four key outcome variables; positive symptoms, negative symptoms, ratings of depression and global function, and five other measures of outcome that were reported in five or more studies were examined using meta-analysis.Results: Current substance-using patients were significantly younger than former substance-using patients (standardised mean difference (SMD) = -0.38), but did not differ in age at onset of psychosis, sex, level of education or marital status. Current substance users had higher scores on rating scales of positive symptoms (SMD = 0.29) and depression (SMD = 0.36), and lower scores on global function (SMD = -0.26) when compared with former substance users. There was a significant improvement in the ratings of positive symptoms, mood and global function among patients who stopped using substances during the first episode of psychosis, while improvements in the symptoms of patients with a more established psychotic illness did not reach statistical significance.Conclusion: The results suggest that substance use contributes to both the symptoms and the burden of disability experienced by patients with psychosis. Patients in the early stages of psychotic illness should be informed about the benefits of giving up substances earlier, rather than later in the illness. Psychiatric services should regard the treatment of substance use as an integral part of the treatment of psychotic disorders.
%Z FOR Codes: 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chu, Denise A
%A Williams, Leanne M
%A Harris, Anthony W F
%A Bryant, Richard A
%A Gatt, Justine M
%T Early life trauma predicts self-reported levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms in nonclinical community adults: Relative contributions of early life stressor types and adult trauma exposure.
%B Journal of Psychiatric Research
%D 2012
%C United Kingdom
%I Pergamon
%V 47
%N 1
%P 23-32
%@ 1879-1379
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 170106 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Frankish, Katherine
%A Ryan, Christopher
%A Harris, Anthony
%T Psychiatry and online social media: potential, pitfalls and ethical guidelines for psychiatrists and trainees.
%B Australasian Psychiatry
%D 2012
%C United Kingdom
%I Sage Publications Ltd.
%V 20
%N 3
%P 181-187
%@ 1440-1665
%X OBJECTIVE: This paper proposes ethical guidelines for psychiatrists and psychiatry trainees when interacting with social media. METHODS: A three-stage process was followed in the development of these guidelines. A literature review provided situations and possible broad rules as to how social media could be ethically engaged. A roundtable discussion by a panel of invited psychiatrists, psychiatry trainees, psychologists, e-health practitioners, lawyers and consumers was held to discuss the situations and to better formulate the ethical principles upon which psychiatrists could act. These vignettes and principles were then broadly discussed at a seminar held at the 2011 RANZCP Congress. Finally, this paper was circulated to the original invitees for final comment. RESULTS: A set of recommendations for working with social media were developed. CONCLUSIONS: The new social media provides important avenues for communication, education and treatment. These avenues pose ethical and practical dilemmas that can be resolved by the application of established ethical principles. Practical recommendations for navigating social media are proposed.
%Z FOR Codes: 110319 220106


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Gatt, Justine M
%A Korgaonkar, Mayuresh S
%A Schofield, Peter R
%A Harris, Anthony
%A Clark, C Richard
%A Oakley, Karen L
%A Ram, Kaushik
%A Michaelson, Hope
%A Yap, Sarsha
%A Stanners, Melinda
%A Wise, Vikki
%A Williams, Leanne M
%T The TWIN-E Project in Emotional Wellbeing: Study Protocol and Preliminary Heritability Results Across Four MRI and DTI Measures.
%B Twin Research and Human Genetics
%D 2012
%C United Kingdom
%I Cambridge University Press
%V 15
%N 3
%P 419-441
%@ 1832-4274
%X Despite the significant advancements being made in the neurogenetics for mental health, the identification and validation of potential endophenotype markers of risk and resilience remain to be confirmed. The TWIN-E study (The Twin study in Wellbeing using Integrative Neuroscience of Emotion) aims to validate endophenotype markers of mental health across cognitive, brain, and autonomic measures by testing the heritability, clinical plausibility, and reliability of each of these measures in a large adult twin cohort. The specific gene and environmental mechanisms that moderate prospective links between endophenotype-phenotype markers and the final outcome of wellbeing will also be identified. TWIN-E is a national prospective study with three phases: I) baseline testing on a battery of online questionnaires and cognitive tasks, and EEG, MRI, and autonomic testing; II) 12-month follow-up testing on the online assessments; and III) randomized controlled trial of brain training. Minimum target numbers include 1,500 male/female twins (18-65 years) for the online assessments (Phase I and II), 300 twins for the EEG testing component, and 244 twins for the MRI testing component. For Phase III, each twin out of the pair will be randomized to either the treatment or waitlist control group to test the effects of brain training on mental health over a 30-day period, and to confirm the gene-environment and endophenotype contributions to treatment response. Preliminary heritability results are provided for the first 50% of the MRI subgroup (n = 142) for the grey matter volume, thickness, and surface area measures, and white matter diffuse tensor imaging fractional anisotropy.
%Z FOR Codes: 60412 110319 110999


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Quinn, Candice R
%A Dobson-Stone, Carol
%A Outhred, Tim
%A Harris, Anthony
%A Kemp, Andrew H
%T The contribution of BDNF and 5-HTT polymorphisms and early life stress to the heterogeneity of major depressive disorder: a preliminary study.
%B The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
%D 2012
%C Australia
%I Sage Publications Ltd.
%V 46
%N 1
%P 55-63
%@ 1440-1614
%X Two reported genetic polymorphisms related to the production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF) and reuptake by the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) appear to contribute to depression in combination with stressful life events. The aim of the current study was to investigate the contribution of early life stress (ELS), BDNF (Val versus Met alleles) and 5-HTT polymorphisms (L versus S alleles) to melancholic (n = 65) and non-melancholic depression (n = 59).
%Z FOR Codes: 60412 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Quinn, Candice R
%A Harris, Anthony
%A Felmingham, Kim
%A Boyce, Philip
%A Kemp, Andrew
%T The impact of depression heterogeneity on cognitive control in major depressive disorder.
%B Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
%D 2012
%C Australia
%I Sage Publications Ltd.
%V 46
%N 11
%P 1079-1088
%@ 1440-1614
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 170101 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Quinn, Candice R
%A Harris, Anthony
%A Kemp, Andrew H
%T The impact of depression heterogeneity on inhibitory control.
%B The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
%D 2012
%C Australia
%I Sage Publications Ltd.
%V 46
%N 4
%P 374-383
%@ 1440-1614
%X Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with deficits in executive cognitive function, including inhibitory control. However, inconsistencies have been found across studies. Depression is a heterogeneous disorder and these inconsistencies may therefore relate to heterogeneity in relatively small samples.
%Z FOR Codes: 110319 170101


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Quinn, Candice
%A Harris, Anthony
%A Kemp, Andrew
%T The interdependence of subtype and severity: contributions of clinical and neuropsychological features to melancholia and non-melancholia in an outpatient sample.
%B Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society
%D 2012
%C United Kingdom
%I Cambridge University Press
%V 18
%N 2
%P 361-369
%@ 1469-7661
%X Major depressive disorder is often considered to be a homogenous disorder that changes in terms of severity; however, the presence of distinct subtypes and a variety of presenting symptoms suggests much heterogeneity. Aiming to better understand the relationship between heterogeneity and diagnosis we used an exploratory approach to identify subtypes of depression on the basis of clinical symptoms and neuropsychological performance. Cluster analysis identified two groups of patients distinguished by level of cognitive dysfunction with the more severe cluster being associated with melancholic depression. While the relationship between cluster and subtype was significant, only 58% of melancholic patients were assigned to cluster 1 (the more severe cluster) and 66% of non-melancholic patients assigned to cluster 2. Subtypes also displayed a distinctive profile of impairment such that melancholic patients (n = 65) displayed more variability in attention while non-melancholic patients (n = 59) displayed memory recall impairment. While melancholia and non-melancholia are associated with a more severe and less severe form of depression respectively, findings indicate that differences between melancholia and non-melancholia are more than simple variation on severity. In summary, findings provide support for the heterogeneity of depression.
%Z FOR Codes: 170101 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Boyce, Philip
%A Harris, Anthony
%T Childhood adversity, trauma and abuse: context and consequences.
%B The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
%D 2011
%C Australia
%I Sage Publications Ltd.
%V 45
%N 8
%P 608-610
%@ 1440-1614
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Harris, Anthony
%A Boyce, Phillip
%A Ajjawi, Rola
%T Clinical reasoning sessions: back to the patient.
%B The Clinical Teacher
%D 2011
%C United Kingdom
%I Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
%V 8
%N 1
%P 13-16
%@ 1743-498X
%X Problem-based learning (PBL) was developed as a facilitated small group learning process based around a clinical problem. Originally designed for pre-clinical years of medical education, its application across all years poses a number of difficulties, including the risk of reducing patient contact, providing a learning process that is skewed towards an understanding of pathophysiological processes, which may not be well understood in all areas of medicine, and failing to provide exposure to clinically relevant reasoning skills.
%Z FOR Codes: 110399


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Mayur, Prashanth
%A Harris, Anthony
%T Comparison of antidepressant effects between brief and ultrabrief pulse unilateral electroconvulsive therapy: brief report of a randomized double-blind trial.
%B Journal of Electroconvulsive Therapy
%D 2011
%C United States
%I Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
%V 27
%N 4
%P e59-e60
%@ 1533-4112
%X Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) treatments with briefer pulse widths have recently shown promise.
%Z FOR Codes: 110319


%0 Journal Article
%A Hodge, Marie Antoinette
%A Siciliano, Daniella
%A Withey, Pamela
%A Moss, Beverley
%A Moore, Genevieve
%A Judd, Gaby
%A Shores, E. Arthur
%A Harris, Anthony
%T A Randomized Controlled Trial of Cognitive Remediation in Schizophrenia
%B Schizophrenia Bulletin
%D 2010
%C United Kingdom
%I 0586-7614
%V 36
%N 2
%P 419–427
%@ 0586-7614
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 170106


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Ryan, Christopher James
%A Shaw, Tarra
%A Harris, Anthony W F
%T Body integrity identity disorder: response to Patrone.
%B Journal of Medical Ethics
%D 2010
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Group
%V 36
%N 3
%P 189-90
%@ 1473-4257
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Harris, Anthony W F
%A Large, Matthew M
%A Redoblado-Hodge, Antoinette
%A Nielssen, Olav
%A Anderson, Josephine
%A Brennan, John
%T Clinical and cognitive associations with aggression in the first episode of psychosis.
%B Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
%D 2010
%C United Kingdom, Aus
%I Informa Healthcare
%V 44
%N 1
%P 85-93
%@ 1440-1614
%X OBJECTIVE: Although there may be an increased risk of aggression in first-episode psychosis, little is known about the clinical and cognitive associations of serious and less serious aggression during this phase of psychotic illness. METHODS: Eighty-five patients in the first episode of psychosis under the age of 26 underwent comprehensive clinical assessment and cognitive testing. Aggression was assessed using a purpose-designed rating scale based on corroborative interviews to record 10 types of aggressive behaviour in the 3 months before presenting for treatment. RESULTS: Thirty-seven of 85 patients (43.5%) exhibited physically aggressive behaviour and 23 patients (27.1%) had assaulted another person or used a weapon. Young age and elevated scores in the mania rating scale were associated with a history of any type of aggression. Serious aggression was associated with regular cannabis use and more errors of commission on a continuous performance task. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical features associated with less serious aggression were different to those associated with more serious forms of aggression. Serious aggression is associated with regular cannabis use and also reduced behavioural inhibition. Awareness of substance use and neurocognitive deficits may assist in the identification of potentially violent patients.
%Z FOR Codes: 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Kemp, Andrew H
%A Pe Benito, Laarnie
%A Quintana, Daniel S
%A Clark, C Richard
%A McFarlane, Alexander
%A Mayur, Prashanth
%A Harris, Anthony
%A Boyce, Philip
%A Williams, Leanne M
%T Impact of depression heterogeneity on attention: An auditory oddball event related potential study.
%B Journal of affective disorders
%D 2010
%C Netherlands
%I Elsevier BV
%V 123
%N 1-3
%P 202-7
%@ 0165-0327
%X Major depressive disorder is associated with a reduced ability to attend and concentrate, however, the extent to which attentional impairment is dependent on subtype remains to be clarified.
%Z FOR Codes: 110999


%0 Conference Proceedings
%A Harris, Conny
%A Marlow, Jacqueline
%A Harris, Anthony
%T Narrabeen Lagoon Catchment - Past, Present and Future
%B Royal Zoological Society of NSW 2007 Forum "The Natural History of Sydney"
%D 2010
%C 3 November, Taronga Zoo, Sydney
%I Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales
%V 
%N 
%P 
%@ 9780980327236
%E Lunney, Daniel
%E Hutchings, Pat
%E Hochuli, Dieter
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 69902


%0 Journal Article
%A Marsh, Pamela J
%A Green, Melissa J
%A Russell, Tamara A
%A McGuire, Jonathan
%A Harris, Anthony
%A Coltheart, Max
%T Remediation of Facial Emotion Recognition in Schizophrenia: Functional Predictors, Generalizability, and Durability
%B American Journal of Psychiatric Rehabilitation
%D 2010
%C United States
%I Routledge
%V 13
%N 2
%P 143-170
%@ 1548-7768
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 110321 110904


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Morgan, Kylie Anne
%A Harris, Anthony W
%A Luscombe, Georgina
%A Tran, Yvonne
%A Herkes, Geoff
%A Bartrop, Roger W
%T The effect of music on brain wave functioning during an acute psychotic episode: a pilot study.
%B Psychiatry Research
%D 2010
%C Ireland
%I Elsevier Ireland Ltd
%V 178
%N 2
%P 446-448
%@ 0165-1781
%X This pilot study compared the differences in the quantified electroencephalogram (qEEG) between two conditions; eyes closed resting and eyes closed listening to music of 15 subjects currently experiencing an acute psychotic episode. The results showed a significant decrease in delta, alpha and beta waves when listening to music compared to resting condition.
%Z FOR Codes: 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Whitford, Thomas J
%A Farrow, Tom F D
%A Williams, Leanne M
%A Gomes, Lavier
%A Brennan, John
%A Harris, Anthony W F
%T Delusions and dorso-medial frontal cortex volume in first-episode schizophrenia: a voxel-based morphometry study.
%B Psychiatry Research
%D 2009
%C Ireland
%I Elsevier Ireland Ltd
%V 172
%N 3
%P 175-179
%@ 0165-1781
%X Of the few studies that have directly investigated the neuroanatomical correlates of delusions in patients with recent-onset schizophrenia, a number have paradoxically reported a positive correlation between delusion severity and regional grey matter volume. In order to explore this relationship, 31 patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FES) underwent a clinical interview and a T1-weighted structural MRI scan. Patients'' scores on the Delusions subscale of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale were correlated with the volume of every voxel in their grey matter images in SPM99. Patients'' delusion scores were found to correlate with the volume of a cluster of voxels located in the dorso-medial frontal cortex, centred on the medial frontal gyrus. Post-hoc analysis revealed that this ''region-of-correlation'' was volumetrically reduced in the FES patients relative to a group of 21 matched healthy controls. The results of this study support the hypothesis that while a certain level of structural brain atrophy is necessary for delusion formation in patients with FES, excessive structural atrophy may in fact preclude the formation of highly systematized delusions.
%Z FOR Codes: 110999 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Williams, Leanne M
%A Whitford, Thomas J
%A Nagy, Marie
%A Flynn, Gary
%A Harris, Anthony W F
%A Silverstein, Steven M
%A Gordon, Evian
%T Emotion-elicited gamma synchrony in patients with first-episode schizophrenia: a neural correlate of social cognition outcomes.
%B Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
%D 2009
%C Canada
%I Canadian Medical Association
%V 34
%N 4
%P 303-313
%@ 1488-2434
%X BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia may be understood as a disorder of neural synchrony. There is also increasing evidence that emotional and social cognitive impairments are central to this disorder. In patients with first-episode schizophrenia, we examined whether emotion perception is associated with disruptions to high-frequency (40 Hz) gamma synchrony and whether these disruptions predict self-regulatory adaptive compensations reflected in social cognitive behaviours. METHODS: We obtained electroencephalography recordings from 28 patients with first-episode schizophrenia and matched healthy controls during perception of facial emotion under both conscious and nonconscious conditions. We extracted gamma-band synchrony from the electroencephalogram. We also used behavioural measures of emotion identification, emotional intelligence, negativity bias and social function, along with ratings of first-episode schizophrenia symptoms. We analyzed group differences and predicted social cognition to assess the potential contribution of medication. RESULTS: Within 200 ms poststimulus, patients with first-episode schizophrenia showed alterations in gamma synchrony during both conscious and nonconscious emotion perception. Stimulus-locked synchrony was reduced in patients, particularly over the temporal cortex, whereas complementary enhancements in absolute gamma synchrony (independent of stimuli) were more distributed over temporal and left parieto-occipital regions. This pattern of altered synchrony predicted poor performance on each measure of social cognition among these patients. Medication dosage did not correlate significantly with either gamma synchrony or behavioural measures in this group. LIMITATIONS: Limitations to our study include the lack of comparison between medicated and unmedicated patients or between types of medication. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that disruptions in integrative processing of motivationally important stimuli show promise as a potential biological marker of social cognitive impairments, present from the first episode of schizophrenia, and their outcomes.
%Z FOR Codes: 110999 110319


%0 Journal Article
%A Lucas, S
%A Hodge, Marie Antoinette
%A Shores, A
%A Brennan, J
%A Harris, A
%T Factors associated with functional psychosocial status after diagnosis of first episode psychosis
%B Early Intervention in Psychiatry
%D 2009
%C Australia
%I Wiley-Blackwell
%V 3
%N 
%P 35-43
%@ 1751-7885
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Williams, Leanne M
%A Whitford, Thomas J
%A Gordon, Evian
%A Gomes, Lavier
%A Brown, Kerri J
%A Harris, Anthony W F
%T Neural synchrony in patients with a first episode of schizophrenia: tracking relations with grey matter and symptom profile.
%B Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
%D 2009
%C Canada
%I Canadian Medical Association
%V 34
%N 1
%P 21-29
%@ 1488-2434
%X BACKGROUND: Although schizophrenia has been characterized by disruptions to neural synchrony, it remains unknown whether these disturbances are related to symptoms and loss of grey matter. We examined relations between 40 Hz Gamma band synchrony and grey matter in patients with schizophrenia at first episode and after 2.5 years. METHODS: From an initial recruitment of 35 medicated patients with a first episode of schizophrenia, 25 patients completed clinical and oddball task-elicited Gamma synchrony within 3 months of health service contact and again after 2.5 years, 23 completed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at these time points, and 13 completed all sessions. We compared patients with 35 matched healthy controls. We identified early (0-150 ms) and late (250-500 ms) peaks in Gamma synchrony locked to oddball targets, and we analyzed MRI data using voxel-based morphometry. We evaluated group and test-retest differences using repeated-measures analyses of variance. RESULTS: Compared with controls, at first contact, patients with a first episode of schizophrenia showed a disruption to the laterality of early Gamma synchrony and global reduction in late Gamma synchrony, with a corresponding loss of fronto-temporal-parietal grey matter. Gamma synchrony was increased at follow-up among patients with a first episode of schizophrenia. It related negatively to further loss of grey matter, but positively to improvement in reality distortion symptoms. These relations could not be explained by medication dose. LIMITATIONS: Our study did not include unmedicated patients or normative follow-up testing. CONCLUSION: Gamma synchrony may track the progression of schizophrenia from first episode. An increase in Gamma synchrony over time might reflect an attempt to adapt to a progressive loss of cortical grey matter and associated changes in cognitive and emotional function.
%Z FOR Codes: 110999 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Alexander, David M
%A Flynn, Gary J
%A Wong, Wilson
%A Whitford, Thomas J
%A Harris, Anthony W F
%A Galletly, Cherrie A
%A Silverstein, Steven M
%T Spatio-temporal EEG waves in first episode schizophrenia.
%B Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
%D 2009
%C Ireland
%I Elsevier Ireland Ltd
%V 120
%N 9
%P 1667-82
%@ 1872-8952
%X Schizophrenia is characterized by a deficit in context processing, with physiological correlates of hypofrontality and reduced amplitude P3b event-related potentials. We hypothesized an additional physiological correlate: differences in the spatio-temporal dynamics of cortical activity along the anterior-posterior axis of the scalp.
%Z FOR Codes: 110319 110999


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Hodge, Marie Antoinette Redoblado
%A Siciliano, Daniella
%A Withey, Pamela
%A Moss, Beverley
%A Moore, Genevieve
%A Judd, Gaby
%A Shores, E Arthur
%A Harris, Anthony
%T A Randomized Controlled Trial of Cognitive Remediation in Schizophrenia.
%B Schizophrenia bulletin
%D 2008
%C United Kingdom
%I Oxford University Press
%V 36
%N 0
%P 419-27
%@ 0586-7614
%X Individuals with schizophrenia have consistently been found to exhibit cognitive deficits, which have been identified as critical mediators of psychosocial functional outcomes. Recent reviews of cognitive remediation (CRT) have concluded that these deficits respond to training. This multi-site community study examined 40 individuals with schizophrenia who underwent cognitive remediation using the Neuropsychological Educational Approach to Remediation(1) (NEAR). Assessments using the same neuropsychological tests and measures of psychosocial outcome were made at four time points: baseline, before start of active intervention, end of active intervention and 4 months after end of active intervention. Dose of antipsychotic medication remained constant throughout the study period. After participating in NEAR, individuals showed significant improvements in verbal and visual memory, sustained attention and executive functioning. This effect persisted 4 months after the treatment ceased. The average effect size was mild to moderate. Social and occupational outcomes also improved from baseline to post-treatment, which persisted 4 months later. Our findings replicate those of previous studies that suggest that NEAR is effective in improving cognition in individuals with schizophrenia in a naturalistic and ecologically valid setting. Further it extends such findings to show a generalisation of effects to social/occupational outcomes and persistence of effects in the short term.
%Z FOR Codes: 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Starling, Jean
%A Harris, Anthony W
%T Case reports: an opportunity for early intervention: velo-cardio-facial syndrome and psychosis.
%B Early Intervention in Psychiatry
%D 2008
%C Australia
%I Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia
%V 2
%N 4
%P 262-267
%@ 1751-7893
%X AIMS AND METHOD: Velo-cardio-facial syndrome is the most common micro deletion syndrome in man, with the typically deleted region in the 22q11area, an area that contains many genes with possible links to mental illnesses. The syndrome phenotype includes multiple physical abnormalities, learning disorders and a greatly increased risk of developing a psychotic disorder. A series of three cases is presented to describe some of the psychiatric manifestations of the velo-cardio-facial syndrome. RESULTS: The three young people presented here all had an illness of long duration that was difficult to treat, with significant side effects of treatment and varying degrees of recovery. CONCLUSIONS: As more children with genetic syndromes are identified early and monitored by genetic clinics and other paediatric services, there is an opportunity for psychiatric services to provide early intervention for a group of patients who are likely to have a poor response to treatment if they present with an advanced psychosis. Studying the deletions in the 22q11 area also has great potential for investigating possible causes of a genetic vulnerability to psychotic illness.
%Z FOR Codes: 1701


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Brakoulias, Vlasios
%A Langdon, Robyn
%A Sloss, Gordon
%A Coltheart, Max
%A Meares, Russell
%A Harris, Anthony
%T Delusions and reasoning: a study involving cognitive behavioural therapy.
%B Cognitive Neuropsychiatry
%D 2008
%C United Kingdom
%I Psychology Press
%V 13
%N 2
%P 148-165
%@ 1354-6805
%X INTRODUCTION: Anomalies on probabilistic reasoning, theory of mind (ToM) tasks, and attributional biases have been found in delusional people. Delusions are also effectively modified by cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). We sought to examine whether CBT reduces delusional conviction by changing such general reasoning anomalies. METHOD: Sixteen patients commenced an 8-11 week CBT programme that targeted their delusions. Probabilistic reasoning, attributional biases, and ToM were assessed pre- and post-treatment. Delusional conviction, preoccupation, and distress were rated at each session. Pretreatment task performances were compared to norms. Repeated measures analyses compared pre- and posttreatment task performances and ratings of delusions. Correlational analyses were used to identify factors associated with reduced delusional conviction. RESULTS: At baseline, 11 patients showed some form of abnormal probabilistic reasoning, 13 excessive attributional biases, and 13 defective ToM compared to norms. Fourteen patients completed the CBT programme and showed significant reductions in delusional conviction and preoccupation. Despite some inconsistent evidence of improvement in verbal ToM tasks, reasoning styles in these 14 patients were largely unchanged by CBT. CONCLUSION: Reasoning anomalies associated with delusions in this sample mark a vulnerability that persists and is independent of the effectiveness of CBT.
%Z FOR Codes: 110319


%0 Journal Article
%A Harris, Anthony
%T How to treat Schizophrenia
%B Australian Doctor
%D 2008
%C Australia
%I Reed Business Information Pty Ltd
%V 0
%N 
%P 29-36
%@ 1039-7116
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Flynn, Gary
%A Alexander, David
%A Harris, Anthony
%A Whitford, Thomas
%A Wong, Wilson
%A Galletly, Cherrie
%A Silverstein, Steve
%A Gordon, Evian
%A Williams, Leanne M
%T Increased absolute magnitude of gamma synchrony in first-episode psychosis.
%B Schizophrenia research
%D 2008
%C Netherlands
%I Elsevier BV
%V 105
%N 1-3
%P 262-71
%@ 0920-9964
%X Recent studies have explored a model of the disconnection hypothesis of schizophrenia through the demonstration of abnormal stimulus induced gamma phase synchrony (GPS). These studies have principally examined synchrony in the 40 Hz band elicited in post-stimulus time periods, relative to a pre-stimulus baseline. In this study we examined the absolute magnitude of GPS elicited by a selective attention task, in first-episode psychosis (FEP). We hypothesized that FEP would be associated with abnormalities in absolute GPS, particularly when required to selectively attend to task-relevant stimuli.
%Z FOR Codes: 110319 110903


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Zipparo, Lisa
%A Whitford, Thomas J
%A Redoblado Hodge, Marie Antoinette
%A Lucas, Sara
%A Farrow, Tom F D
%A Brennan, John
%A Gomes, Lavier
%A Williams, Leanne M
%A Harris, Anthony W F
%T Investigating the neuropsychological and neuroanatomical changes that occur over the first 2-3 years of illness in patients with first-episode schizophrenia.
%B Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
%D 2008
%C United States
%I Elsevier Inc.
%V 32
%N 2
%P 531-538
%@ 0278-5846
%X OBJECTIVE: This study explored the concurrent courses of the neuroanatomical and neuropsychological changes that occurred over the first 2-3 years of illness in patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FES). METHODS: Fifty-two patients with FES underwent neuropsychological testing and a structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) scan within three months of their first presentation to mental health services with psychotic symptoms (time1). Patients'' cognitive performance was evaluated via an extensive neuropsychological test battery, which assessed 9 cognitive domains. Of the 52 patients at time1, 32 returned 2-3 years later (time2) for follow-up neuropsychological testing, and 20 of these also underwent follow-up sMRI. MR images were preprocessed in SPM99. Grey matter volumes of patients'' whole-brain, frontal lobes and temporal lobes were calculated by convolving the preprocessed images with manually-drawn binary masks. RESULTS: Patients exhibited longitudinal improvements in full-scale IQ, performance IQ and visual memory. In contrast, concurrent reductions in grey matter were observed for the whole-brain (3% reduction) and the frontal lobe (3.65% reduction). Furthermore, the extent of patients'' whole-brain and frontal-lobe grey matter changes were positively correlated with longitudinal changes in verbal learning and memory. DISCUSSION: The results of this study suggest that while the early stages of schizophrenia are associated with a mild improvement in patients'' overall cognitive functioning, they are also associated with progressive grey matter atrophy.
%Z FOR Codes: 110319


%0 Journal Article
%A Large, M
%A Nielssen, O
%A Slade, T
%A Harris, Anthony
%T Measurement and reporting of the duration of untreated psychosis
%B Early Intervention in Psychiatry
%D 2008
%C Australia
%I Wiley-Blackwell
%V 2
%N 
%P 201-211
%@ 1751-7885
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Lucas, Sara
%A Redoblado-Hodge, Marie Antoinette
%A Shores, Arthur
%A Brennan, John
%A Harris, Anthony
%T Predictors of outcome three years after diagnosis of first episode psychosis.
%B Psychiatry research
%D 2008
%C Ireland
%I Elsevier Ireland
%V 161
%N 1
%P 11-8
%@ 0165-1781
%X This study aimed to determine which of demographic/premorbid, psychiatric or neuropsychological factors best predict functional outcome at 3 years after a first episode of psychotic illness. This will, it is hoped, identify prognostic indicators of longer term outcomes, as well as targets for rehabilitation. The Western Sydney First Episode Psychosis Project collected data on young people (aged 13 to 25) presenting with newly diagnosed psychosis at baseline and 3-year follow-up (n=52). Outcome was measured using the Role Functioning Scale (RFS) and the Clinical Global Impression Scale--severity of illness measure (CGI-S). Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify baseline predictors of outcome. The Premorbid Social Adjustment Scale in Adolescence (PSAS-Adolescent) and the Verbal Comprehension Index from the WAIS-III were found to be the two significant predictors for RFS, with only the former (PSAS-Adolescent) predicting CGI-S. Demographic and neuropsychological measures relating to premorbid functioning were the best predictors of long-term outcome in first episode psychosis, with baseline psychiatric symptoms not contributing.
%Z FOR Codes: 110319 110999


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Williams, Leanne M
%A Das, Pritha
%A Liddell, Belinda J
%A Olivieri, Gloria
%A Peduto, Anthony S
%A David, Anthony S
%A Gordon, Evian
%A Harris, Anthony W F
%T Fronto-limbic and autonomic disjunctions to negative emotion distinguish schizophrenia subtypes.
%B Psychiatry research
%D 2007
%C Ireland
%I Elsevier Ireland Ltd
%V 155
%N 1
%P 29-44
%@ 0165-1781
%X Schizophrenia patients show a disconnection in amygdala-medial prefrontal cortex and autonomic arousal systems for processing fear. Concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging [fMRI] and skin conductance recording were used to determine whether these disturbances are specific to fear, or present in response to other signals of danger. We also examined whether these disturbances distinguish a specific symptom profile. During scanning, 27 schizophrenia (13 paranoid, 14 nonparanoid) and 22 matched healthy control subjects viewed standardized facial expressions of fear, anger and disgust (versus neutral). Skin conductance responses [SCRs]were acquired simultaneously to assess phasic increases in arousal. ''With-arousal'' versus ''without-arousal'' responses were analysed using non-parametric methods. For controls, ''with-arousal'' responses were associated with emotion-specific activity for fear (amygdala), disgust (insula) and anger (anterior cingulate), together with common medial prefrontal cortex [MPFC] engagement, as predicted. Schizophrenia patients displayed abnormally increased phasic arousal, with concomitant reductions in emotion-specific regions and MPFC. These findings may reflect a general disconnection between central and autonomic systems for processing signals of danger. This disjunction was most apparent in patients with a profile of paranoia, coupled with poor social function and insight. Heightened autonomic sensitivity to signals of fear, threat or contamination, without effective neural mechanisms for appraisal, may underlie paranoid delusions which concern threat and contamination, and associated social and interpersonal difficulties.
%Z FOR Codes:


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Das, Pritha
%A Kemp, Andrew H
%A Flynn, Gary
%A Harris, Anthony W F
%A Liddell, Belinda J
%A Whitford, Thomas J
%A Peduto, Anthony
%A Gordon, Evian
%A Williams, Leanne M
%T Functional disconnections in the direct and indirect amygdala pathways for fear processing in schizophrenia.
%B Schizophrenia research
%D 2007
%C Netherlands
%I Elsevier BV
%V 90
%N 1-3
%P 284-94
%@ 0920-9964
%X Schizophrenia patients show reduced neural activity, relative to controls, in the amygdala and its projection to the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) in response to fear perception. In this study we tested the hypothesis that schizophrenia is characterized by abnormal functional connectivity in the amygdala network underlying fear perception.
%Z FOR Codes:


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Williams, Leanne M
%A Whitford, Thomas J
%A Flynn, Gary
%A Wong, Wilson
%A Liddell, Belinda J
%A Silverstein, Steven
%A Galletly, Cherrie
%A Harris, Anthony W F
%A Gordon, Evian
%T General and social cognition in first episode schizophrenia: Identification of separable factors and prediction of functional outcome using the IntegNeuro test battery.
%B Schizophrenia research
%D 2007
%C Netherlands
%I Elsevier BV
%V 99
%N 0
%P 182-91
%@ 0920-9964
%X It is increasingly recognized that cognitive assessments, unlike symptom ratings, provide a reliable predictor of functional outcome in schizophrenia. This study evaluated the utility of the ''IntegNeuro'' computerized test battery for assessing cognition in first episode schizophrenia. We determined the presence of separable factors of general and social cognition, their equivalence to the consensus domains identified by the NIMH MATRICS project, and their effectiveness in predicting real world functional outcomes.
%Z FOR Codes: 110999


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Gordon, Evian
%A Liddell, Belinda J
%A Brown, Kerri J
%A Bryant, Richard
%A Clark, C Richard
%A DAS, Pritha
%A Dobson-Stone, Carol
%A Falconer, Erin
%A Felmingham, Kim
%A Flynn, Gary
%A Gatt, Justine M
%A Harris, Anthony
%A Hermens, Daniel F
%A Hopkinson, Patrick J
%A Kemp, Andrew H
%A Kuan, Stacey A
%A Lazzaro, Illario
%A Moyle, Jonson
%A Paul, Robert H
%A Rennie, Chris J
%A Schofield, Peter
%A Whitford, Thomas
%A Williams, Leanne M
%T Integrating objective gene-brain-behavior markers of psychiatric disorders.
%B Journal of Integrative Neuroscience
%D 2007
%C United Kingdom
%I Imperial College Press
%V 6
%N 1
%P 1-34
%@ 0219-6352
%X There is little consensus about which objective markers should be used to assess major psychiatric disorders, and predict/evaluate treatment response for these disorders. Clinical practice relies instead on subjective signs and symptoms, such that there is a "translational gap" between research findings and clinical practice. This gap arises from: a) a lack of integrative theoretical models which provide a basis for understanding links between gene-brain-behavior mechanisms and clinical entities; b) the reliance on studying one measure at a time so that linkages between markers are their specificity are not established; and c) the lack of a definitive understanding of what constitutes normative function. Here, we draw on a standardized methodology for acquiring multiple sources of genomic, brain and behavioral data in the same subjects, to propose candidate markers of selected psychiatric disorders: depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and dementia disorders. This methodology has been used to establish a standardized international database which provides a comprehensive framework and the basis for testing hypotheses derived from an integrative theoretical model of the brain. Using this normative base, we present preliminary findings for a number of disorders in relation to the proposed markers. Establishing these objective markers will be the first step towards determining their sensitivity, specificity and treatment prediction in individual patients.
%Z FOR Codes: 110999 60410


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Whitford, Thomas J
%A Farrow, Tom F D
%A Rennie, Christopher J
%A Grieve, Stuart M
%A Gomes, Lavier
%A Brennan, John
%A Harris, Anthony W F
%A Williams, Leanne M
%T Longitudinal changes in neuroanatomy and neural activity in early schizophrenia.
%B Neuroreport
%D 2007
%C Philadelphia, PA
%I Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
%V 18
%N 5
%P 435-439
%@ 1473-558X
%X Although there is substantial evidence indicating that patients with first-episode schizophrenia exhibit both anatomical and electrophysiological abnormalities, there has been little research investigating the relationship between these two indices. We acquired structural magnetic resonance images and resting electroencephalographic recordings from 19 patients with schizophrenia, both at the time of their first presentation to mental health services and 2-3 years subsequently. Patients'' grey matter images were parcellated into four brain lobes, and slow-wave, alpha- and beta-electroencephalographic power was calculated in four corresponding cortical regions. Although grey matter volume decreased longitudinally, particularly fronto-parietally, electroencephalographic power increased in the slow-wave and beta-frequency bands. These results suggest that first-episode schizophrenia may be associated with abnormally elevated levels of neural synchrony.
%Z FOR Codes:


%0 Journal Article
%A Alwi, MNM
%A Ismail, HC
%A Harris, Anthony
%A Boyce, P
%T Prospect of Computerised Cognitive Remediation Therapy in Malaysia: Results of a Pilot Study in Kota Bharu, Kelantan
%B Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry
%D 2007
%C Malaysia
%I Malaysian Psychiatric Association
%V 16
%N 2
%P 0
%@ 0128-8628
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Loughland, Carmel M
%A Lewin, Terry J
%A Carr, Vaughan J
%A Sheedy, Jim
%A Harris, Anthony W
%T RBANS neuropsychological profiles within schizophrenia samples recruited from non-clinical settings.
%B Schizophrenia research
%D 2007
%C Netherlands
%I Elsevier BV
%V 89
%N 1-3
%P 232-242
%@ 0920-9964
%X BACKGROUND: This paper examines the potential impact of recruitment source differences in schizophrenia research by comparing the neuropsychological performance of volunteers from the NISAD Schizophrenia Research Register with recently published schizophrenia normative data for the Repeatable Battery for Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). METHODS: The Register sample comprised 285 volunteers with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Their RBANS performance was compared with US data from 575 predominantly outpatient-recruited schizophrenia patients. RESULTS: The Register sample displayed impairments in immediate and delayed memory, but near-normal language, attention and visuospatial-constructional performance (mean RBANS total score=88.72, SD=16.35). By contrast, health service-recruited schizophrenia patients displayed impairments on all RBANS scales (mean RBANS total score=70.54, SD=14.80). Within the Register sample, volunteers with low levels of current functioning had immediate and delayed memory performance comparable to the US schizophrenia sample. Gender and school completion status were also associated with different RBANS profiles. CONCLUSIONS: These findings reinforce the notion that a severity/functioning gradient exists across schizophrenia recruitment sources, which has important implications for research design and generalizability. Memory impairments have emerged as a central feature of schizophrenia.
%Z FOR Codes: 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Rubinov, Mikail
%A Knock, Stuart A
%A Stam, Cornelis J
%A Micheloyannis, Sifis
%A Harris, Anthony W F
%A Williams, Leanne M
%A Breakspear, Michael
%T Small-world properties of nonlinear brain activity in schizophrenia.
%B Human brain mapping
%D 2007
%C United States.
%I John Wiley & Sons Inc.
%V 30
%N 0
%P 403-16
%@ 1065-9471
%X A disturbance in the interactions between distributed cortical regions may underlie the cognitive and perceptual dysfunction associated with schizophrenia. In this article, nonlinear measures of cortical interactions and graph-theoretical metrics of network topography are combined to investigate this schizophrenia "disconnection hypothesis." This is achieved by analyzing the spatiotemporal structure of resting state scalp EEG data previously acquired from 40 young subjects with a recent first episode of schizophrenia and 40 healthy matched controls. In each subject, a method of mapping the topography of nonlinear interactions between cortical regions was applied to a widely distributed array of these data. The resulting nonlinear correlation matrices were converted to weighted graphs. The path length (a measure of large-scale network integration), clustering coefficient (a measure of "cliquishness"), and hub structure of these graphs were used as metrics of the underlying brain network activity. The graphs of both groups exhibited high levels of local clustering combined with comparatively short path lengths--features consistent with a "small-world" topology--as well as the presence of strong, central hubs. The graphs in the schizophrenia group displayed lower clustering and shorter path lengths in comparison to the healthy group. Whilst still "small-world," these effects are consistent with a subtle randomization in the underlying network architecture--likely associated with a greater number of links connecting disparate clusters. This randomization may underlie the cognitive disturbances characteristic of schizophrenia.
%Z FOR Codes: 110999


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Kemp, Rosalind
%A Harris, Anthony
%A Vurel, Erdal
%A Sitharthan, Thiagarajan
%T Stop Using Stuff: trial of a drug and alcohol intervention for young people with comorbid mental illness and drug and alcohol problems.
%B Australasian psychiatry : bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists
%D 2007
%C United Kingdom, Aus.
%I Taylor and Francis Ltd.
%V 15
%N 6
%P 490-3
%@ 1039-8562
%X Substance abuse is a significant problem in the treatment of young people with their first psychosis. This study reports a randomized trial of a brief manualized cognitive behavioural therapy for substance abuse in young people with psychosis.
%Z FOR Codes: 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Whitford, Thomas J
%A Grieve, Stuart M
%A Farrow, Tom F D
%A Gomes, Lavier
%A Brennan, John
%A Harris, Anthony W F
%A Gordon, Evian
%A Williams, Leanne M
%T Volumetric white matter abnormalities in first-episode schizophrenia: a longitudinal, tensor-based morphometry study.
%B The American journal of psychiatry
%D 2007
%C United States
%I American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.
%V 164
%N 7
%P 1082-1089
%@ 0002-953X
%X OBJECTIVE: While schizophrenia has long been considered a disorder of brain connectivity, few studies have investigated white matter abnormalities in patients with first-episode schizophrenia, and even fewer studies have investigated whether there is progressive white matter pathology in the disease. METHOD: The authors obtained a T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan on 41 patients with first-episode schizophrenia. These first-episode schizophrenia patients were analyzed relative to 47 age- and sex-matched healthy comparison subjects who also underwent an MRI scan. Of the baseline participants, 25 first-episode schizophrenia patients and 26 comparison subjects returned 2 to 3 years later for a follow-up scan. To identify regional volumetric white matter differences between the two groups at baseline, voxel-based morphometry in statistical parametric mapping-2 (SPM2) was used, while tensor-based morphometry was used to identify the longitudinal changes over the follow-up interval. RESULTS: The first-episode schizophrenia patients exhibited volumetric deficits in the white matter of the frontal and temporal lobes at baseline, as well as volumetric increases in the white matter of the frontoparietal junction bilaterally. Furthermore, these first-episode schizophrenia patients lost considerably more white matter over the follow-up interval relative to comparison subjects in the middle and inferior temporal cortex bilaterally. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that patients with schizophrenia exhibit white matter abnormalities at the time of their first presentation of psychotic symptoms to mental health services and that these abnormalities degenerate further over the initial years of illness. Given the role that white matter plays in neural communication, the authors suggest that these white matter abnormalities may be a cause of the dysfunctional neural connectivity that has been proposed to underlie the symptoms of schizophrenia.
%Z FOR Codes:


%0 Journal Article
%~ Isi
%A Das, P.
%A Flynn, G.
%A Harris, A. W. F.
%A Kemp, A. H.
%A Liddell, B. J.
%A Whitford, T.
%A Peduto, A.
%A Gordon, E.
%A Williams, L. M.
%T Automated and controlled processing of fear facial expression display dysfunctions in the amygdala pathways in schizophrenia: a functional connectivity approach.
%B Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
%D 2006
%C UK
%I Taylor & Francis Ltd.
%V 40
%N 
%P A118-A119
%@ 
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 110999


%0 Journal Article
%A Harris, Anthony
%T Brainwaves
%B Acta Neuropsychiatrica
%D 2006
%C Denmark
%I Blackwell Munksgaard
%V 18
%N 6
%P 234-235
%@ 0924-2708
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 110319


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Harris, Anthony
%A Melkonian, Dmitriy
%A Williams, Leanne
%A Gordon, Evian
%T Dynamic spectral analysis findings in first episode and chronic schizophrenia.
%B The International journal of neuroscience
%D 2006
%C UK
%I Informa Healthcare
%V 116
%N 3
%P 223-46
%@ 0020-7454
%X The quantified analysis of the electroencephalogram (qEEG) has enabled the extraction of additional psychophysiological information from the raw EEG, but in turn has introduced a number of distortions. This study compared Dynamic Spectral Analysis (DSA), a novel and mathematically stringent technique for the evaluation of qEEG activity with conventional power spectral analysis in subjects with both first episode and chronic schizophrenia and matched controls. Advantages of the technique in the automated processing of data, rejection of artefact, avoidance of artefact introduced by the mathematical trans-formation of the data and the identification of irregular low frequency artefactual activity "pi" are discussed in detail. Using this method, the study has confirmed past observations of increased slow wave activity in schizophrenia, and identified a decrease in peak frequency in the alpha band in the subjects with chronic schizophrenia. The two clinical groups differed in mean peak frequency in the delta band with the first episode schizophrenia subjects having a raised mean peak frequency and the subjects with chronic schizophrenia having a lowered mean peak frequency. The results suggest continued change in the EEG with illness chronicity in schizophrenia. These changes were most evident in the frequency domain emphasizing the importance of routine measurement of mean band frequencies in qEEG studies.
%Z FOR Codes: 110903 111714


%0 Journal Article
%~ Isi
%A Sumich, A.
%A Harris, A.
%A Flynn, G.
%A Whitford, T.
%A Tunstall, N.
%A Kumari, V.
%A Brammer, M.
%A Gordon, E.
%A Williams, L. M.
%T Event-related potential correlates of depression, insight and negative symptoms in males with recent-onset psychosis.
%B Clinical Neurophysiology
%D 2006
%C Ireland
%I Elsevier Ireland Ltd
%V 117
%N 8
%P 1715-1727
%@ 1388-2457
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 110999


%0 Journal Article
%~ Isi
%A Whitford, T. J.
%A Farrow, T. F. D.
%A Rennie, C. J.
%A Grieve, S. M.
%A Gomes, L.
%A Brennan, J.
%A Williams, L. M.
%A Harris, A. W. F.
%T Longitudinal changes in regional grey matter volume and corresponding EEG power in first-episode psychosis.
%B Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
%D 2006
%C UK
%I Taylor & Francis Ltd.
%V 40
%N 
%P A122-A123
%@ 
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 110999


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Whitford, Thomas J
%A Grieve, Stuart M
%A Farrow, Tom F D
%A Gomes, Lavier
%A Brennan, John
%A Harris, Anthony W F
%A Gordon, Evian
%A Williams, Leanne M
%T Progressive grey matter atrophy over the first 2-3 years of illness in first-episode schizophrenia: A tensor-based morphometry study.
%B NeuroImage
%D 2006
%C United States
%I Academic Press
%V 32
%N 2
%P 511-9
%@ 1053-8119
%X Little is known about the structural brain changes that occur over the first few years of schizophrenia, or how these changes differ from those associated with healthy brain development in adolescence and early adulthood. In this study, we aimed to identify regional differences in grey matter (GM) volume between patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FES) and matched healthy controls, both at the time of the patients'' first psychotic episode (baseline condition) and 2-3 years subsequently (follow-up condition). Forty-one patients with FES and 47 matched healthy controls underwent a T1-weighted structural MRI scan. Of these participants, 25 FES patients and 26 controls returned 2-3 years later for a follow-up scan. Voxel-based morphometry in SPM2 was used to identify the regions of GM difference between the groups in the baseline condition, while tensor-based morphometry was used to identify the longitudinal change within subject over the follow-up interval. The FES patients exhibited widespread GM reductions in the frontal, parietal, and temporal cortices and cerebellum in the baseline condition, as well as more circumscribed regions of GM increase, particularly in the occipital lobe. Furthermore, the FES subjects were observed to lose considerably more GM over the follow-up interval than the controls, especially in the parietal and temporal cortices. We argue that the progressive GM atrophy we have found to be associated with the onset of schizophrenia arises from a dysfunction in the dramatic period of healthy brain development typically associated with adolescence.
%Z FOR Codes:


%0 Journal Article
%~ Isi
%A Farrow, T. F. D.
%A Whitford, T. J.
%A Williams, L. M.
%A Gomes, L.
%A Harris, A. W. F.
%T Structural MRI evidence of differences between first episode bipolar disorder and first episode schizophrenia.
%B Bipolar Disorders
%D 2006
%C Denmark, UK
%I Blackwell Munksgaard
%V 8
%N 
%P 18-18
%@ 1398-5647
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 110999


%0 Journal Article
%A Alwi, MNM
%A Roslaili, R
%A Hayati, N
%A Harris, Anthony
%T Survey of computer literacy among patients with schizophrenia: Potential of developing a computerized cognitive remediation program in Kota Bharu, Malaysia
%B Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry
%D 2006
%C Malaysia
%I Malaysian Psychiatric Association
%V 14
%N 
%P 23-28
%@ 0128-8628
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111714


%0 Journal Article
%~ Isi
%A Whitford, T. J.
%A Grieve, S. M.
%A Farrow, T. F. D.
%A Gomes, L.
%A Brennan, J.
%A Harris, A. W. F.
%A Gordon, E.
%A Williams, L. M.
%T Volumetric white matter abnormalities in first-episode schizophrenia: a longitudinal MRI study.
%B Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
%D 2006
%C UK, Australia
%I Taylor & Francis Ltd.
%V 40
%N 
%P A122-A122
%@ 0004-8674
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 110999