%0 Journal Article
%A Fuller, Nicholas R
%A Lau, Namson S
%A Denyer, Gareth
%A Caterson, Ian
%T A 12-month, randomised, controlled trial to examine the efficacy of the Korean diet in an Australian overweight and obese population ¿ A follow up analysis
%B Obesity Research & Clinical Practice
%D 2012
%C Netherlands
%I Elsevier BV
%V 6
%N 4
%P e298-e307
%@ 1878-0318
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111716


%0 Journal Article
%A Fuller, Nicholas R
%A Lau, Namson S
%A Denyer, Gareth
%A Simpson, Annie E
%A Gerofi, James
%A Wu, Min
%A Holmes, Andrew
%A Markovic, Tania
%A Kang, Jae-Heon
%A Caterson, Ian
%T A 12-week, randomised, controlled trial to examine the acceptability of the Korean diet and its effectiveness on weight and metabolic parameters in an Australian overweight and obese population
%B Obesity Research & Clinical Practice
%D 2012
%C Netherlands
%I Elsevier BV
%V 6
%N 1
%P e71-e83
%@ 1878-0318
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 110107


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Spendlove, Jessica K
%A Heaney, Susan E
%A Gifford, Janelle A
%A Prvan, Tania
%A Denyer, Gareth S
%A O'Connor, Helen T
%T Evaluation of general nutrition knowledge in elite Australian athletes.
%B The British Journal of Nutrition
%D 2012
%C United Kingdom
%I Cambridge University Press
%V 107
%N 12
%P 1871-1880
%@ 0007-1145
%X The aim of the present study was to investigate and benchmark the level of general nutrition knowledge in elite Australian athletes (EA) against a similar aged community (CM) and criterion sample with dietetic training (DT). EA (n 175), CM (n 116) and DT (n 53) completed the General Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (GNKQ), which assesses four domains (sections A-D) of general nutrition knowledge (section A: dietary guidelines; section B: sources of nutrients; section C: choosing everyday foods; section D: diet-disease relationships). Age, sex and education level were collected in all groups, and athletic calibre and sport type (team or individual) in EA. Dietitians and nutrition scientists (n 53) re-examined the GNKQ for content validity, resulting in instrument revision (R-GNKQ; ninety-six items). Psychometric assessment (internal consistency: Cronbach-??; test-retest: Spearman rank correlation) was performed in a sub-sample (n 28). Independent t tests, ANOVA and ANCOVA (??2 for categorical variables) were used to assess between-group differences. DT scored higher than EA and CM in all sub-sections and overall (P??<??0??005). EA scored lower than CM in GNKQ for section B (P??<??0??005) and overall (P??<??0??005), and in R-GNKQ for section B (P??<??0??005), section C (P??<??0??005), section D (P??=??0??006) and overall (P??<??0??005). Overall score was influenced by age (P??=??0??036 for GNKQ: P??=??0??053 for R-GNKQ), sex (P??=??0??016 for GNKQ: P??=??0??003 for R-GNKQ) and athletic calibre (P??=??0??029 for R-GNKQ only), but not level of education, living situation or ethnicity. EA and CM performed best on section A and worst on D. EA had lower overall general knowledge scores than CM. This was significantly influenced by age and sex.
%Z FOR Codes: 111101


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Wong, A
%A Gunasekaran, N
%A Hancock, D P
%A Denyer, G S
%A Meng, L
%A Radford, J L
%A McGregor, I S
%A Arnold, J C
%T The Major Plant-derived Cannabinoid &#916;9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Promotes Hypertrophy and Macrophage Infiltration in Adipose Tissue.
%B Hormone and Metabolic Research
%D 2012
%C Germany
%I Georg Thieme Verlag
%V 44
%N 2
%P 105-113
%@ 1439-4286
%X Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists activate lipoprotein lipase and the formation of lipid droplets in cultured adipocytes. Here we extend this work by examining whether ??9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a major plant-derived cannabinoid, increases adipocyte size in vivo. Further, possibly as a consequence of hypertrophy, we hypothesize that THC exposure promotes macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue, an inflammatory state observed in obese individuals. Rats repeatedly exposed to THC in vivo had reduced body weight, fat pad weight, and ingested less food over the drug injection period. However, THC promoted adipocyte hypertrophy that was accompanied by a significant increase in cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK-C) expression, an enzyme important in packaging triglycerides. We also showed that THC induced macrophage infiltration and increased expression of the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-??) in adipose tissue but did not induce apoptosis as measured by TUNEL staining. That THC increased adipocyte cell size in the absence of greater food intake, body weight and fat provides a unique model to explore mechanisms underlying changes in adipocyte size associated with a mild inflammatory state in fat tissue.
%Z FOR Codes: 111506


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Rangan, A M
%A Flood, V L
%A Denyer, G
%A Ayer, J G
%A Webb, K L
%A Marks, G B
%A Celermajer, D S
%A Gill, T P
%T The effect of dairy consumption on blood pressure in mid-childhood: CAPS cohort study.
%B European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
%D 2012
%C United Kingdom, Switzerland
%I Nature Publishing Group
%V 66
%N 6
%P 652-657
%@ 0954-3007
%X BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:It has been postulated that a higher dairy consumption may affect blood pressure regulation. The aim of this study was to examine the association between dairy consumption and blood pressure in mid-childhood.SUBJECTS/METHODS:Subjects (n=335) were participants of a birth cohort at high risk of asthma with information on diet at 18 months and blood pressure at 8 years. Multivariate analyses were used to assess the association of dairy consumption (serves) and micronutrient intakes (mg). In a subgroup of children (n=201), dietary intake was also measured at approximately 9 years.RESULTS:Children in the highest quintile of dairy consumption at 18 months had lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at 8 years (2.5?mm?Hg, P=0.046 and 1.9?mm?Hg, P=0.047, respectively) than those in the lowest quintiles. SBP was lowest among children in the highest quintiles of calcium, magnesium and potassium intakes. Significant negative linear trends were observed between SBP and intakes of dairy serves, calcium, magnesium and potassium. Furthermore, SBP and DBP were lowest in the group of children that consumed at least two dairy serves at both 18 months and the follow-up dietary data collection at 9 years, compared with all other children (SBP 98.7 vs 101.0?mm?Hg, P=0.07; and DBP 56.5 vs 59.3?mm?Hg, P=0.006, respectively).CONCLUSION:These results are consistent with a protective effect of dairy consumption in childhood on blood pressure at age 8 years.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 11 January 2012; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2011.218.
%Z FOR Codes: 111706


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Vêncio, Eneida F
%A Pascal, Laura E
%A Page, Laura S
%A Denyer, Gareth
%A Wang, Amy J
%A Ruohola-Baker, Hannele
%A Zhang, Shile
%A Wang, Kai
%A Galas, David J
%A Liu, Alvin Y
%T Embryonal carcinoma cell induction of miRNA and mRNA changes in co-cultured prostate stromal fibromuscular cells.
%B Journal of Cellular Physiology
%D 2011
%C United States
%I John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
%V 226
%N 6
%P 1479-1488
%@ 1097-4652
%X The prostate stromal mesenchyme controls organ-specific development. In cancer, the stromal compartment shows altered gene expression compared to non-cancer. The lineage relationship between cancer-associated stromal cells and normal tissue stromal cells is not known. Nor is the cause underlying the expression difference. Previously, the embryonal carcinoma (EC) cell line, NCCIT, was used by us to study the stromal induction property. In the current study, stromal cells from non-cancer (NP) and cancer (CP) were isolated from tissue specimens and co-cultured with NCCIT cells in a trans-well format to preclude heterotypic cell contact. After 3 days, the stromal cells were analyzed by gene arrays for microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA expression. In co-culture, NCCIT cells were found to alter the miRNA and mRNA expression of NP stromal cells to one like that of CP stromal cells. In contrast, NCCIT had no significant effect on the gene expression of CP stromal cells. We conclude that the gene expression changes in stromal cells can be induced by diffusible factors synthesized by EC cells, and suggest that cancer-associated stromal cells represent a more primitive or less differentiated stromal cell type.
%Z FOR Codes: 111201


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Pelly, Fiona E
%A O'Connor, Helen T
%A Denyer, Gareth S
%A Caterson, Ian D
%T Evolution of food provision to athletes at the summer Olympic Games.
%B Nutrition Reviews
%D 2011
%C United States
%I International Life Sciences Institute
%V 69
%N 6
%P 321-332
%@ 1753-4887
%X The history of food provision at the summer Olympic Games (OG) over the past century (1896-2008) provides insight into the evolution of sports nutrition research and the dietary strategies of athletes. Early research favoring protein as the main fuel for exercise was reflected in OG menus from 1932 to 1968. Despite conclusive research from the 1960s demonstrating the clear benefit of carbohydrate on exercise performance, a specific emphasis on carbohydrate-rich foods was not noted until the 1970s. Athlete food preferences and catering complexity evolved rapidly between 1970 and 2000, driven predominantly by a dramatic expansion of the OG and the emergence of systematic sports nutrition research. Nutritional advice by experts and sponsorship by food companies became increasingly important beginning with the 1984 Los Angeles OG. More recent developments include nutritional labeling of menu items and provision of a nutrition information desk (Barcelona 1992), demand for a "high-starch, low-fat menu" (Atlanta 1996), the addition of a dedicated menu website and the systematic gathering of information on athletes'' apparent consumption (Sydney 2000), and appointment of the first international dietetic review committee (Beijing 2008). The history of catering at the OG tracks the evolution of sports nutrition practice from anecdotes and myth towards an established specialty in nutrition and dietetics grounded in evidence-based science.
%Z FOR Codes: 110399


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Pascal, Laura E
%A Vêncio, Ricardo Zn
%A Vessella, Robert L
%A Ware, Carol B
%A Vêncio, Eneida F
%A Denyer, Gareth
%A Liu, Alvin Y
%T Lineage relationship of prostate cancer cell types based on gene expression.
%B BMC Medical Genomics
%D 2011
%C United Kingdom
%I BioMed Central Ltd.
%V 4
%N 
%P 46
%@ 1755-8794
%X Prostate tumor heterogeneity is a major factor in disease management. Heterogeneity could be due to multiple cancer cell types with distinct gene expression. Of clinical importance is the so-called cancer stem cell type. Cell type-specific transcriptomes are used to examine lineage relationship among cancer cell types and their expression similarity to normal cell types including stem/progenitor cells.
%Z FOR Codes: 60103


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Lam, Yan Y
%A Mitchell, Andrew J
%A Holmes, Andrew J
%A Denyer, Gareth S
%A Gummesson, Anders
%A Caterson, Ian D
%A Hunt, Nicholas H
%A Storlien, Len H
%T Role of the Gut in Visceral Fat Inflammation and Metabolic Disorders.
%B Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
%D 2011
%C United States
%I Nature Publishing Group
%V 19
%N 11
%P 2113-20
%@ 1930-7381
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 60199


%0 Journal Article
%A Gysbers, Vanessa
%A Johnston, Jill
%A Hancock, Dale
%A Denyer, Gareth
%T Why do Students still Bother Coming to Lectures, When Everything is Available Online?
%B International Journal of Innovation in Science and Mathematics Education
%D 2011
%C Australia
%I Institute for Innovation in Science and Mathematic
%V 19
%N 2
%P 20-36
%@ 2200-4270
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 130209


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Mor, D
%A Bembrick, A L
%A Austin, P J
%A Wyllie, P M
%A Creber, N J
%A Denyer, G S
%A Keay, K A
%T Anatomically specific patterns of glial activation in the periaqueductal gray of the sub-population of rats showing pain and disability following chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve.
%B Neuroscience
%D 2010
%C United Kingdom, France
%I Pergamon
%V 166
%N 4
%P 1167-1184
%@ 0306-4522
%X Neuropathic pain conditions for which treatment is sought are characterized by complex behavioural disturbances, as well as "pain." Recent studies using chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve have shown that rats develop three distinct patterns of disability characterized by changes in social-interactions and sleep-wake cycle behaviours post-injury: (i) Persistent Disability, (ii) Transient Disability and (iii) No Disability. These patterns occur despite all rats showing identical levels of allodynia and hyperalgesia (i.e., pain). In rats, social-interactions and sleep-wake cycle behaviours are regulated in part, by neural networks, which converge on the periaqueductal grey (PAG). We sought therefore to identify neural adaptations in the PAG, 6 days following chronic constriction injury (CCI), the time at which rats in which disabilities persist are first distinguished from those without disabilities (i.e., No Disability and Transient Disability). GeneChips, RT-PCR and Western blotting revealed the select up-regulation in translation and transcription of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and Vimentin in rats with Persistent Disability. Significant increases in GFAP immunoreactivity were localized histologically to the lateral and caudal ventrolateral columns of the PAG. This anatomically specific pattern of increased GFAP suggests activation of astrocytes by select neural pathways, which likely include afferents of both spinal and nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) origin. The PAG columns in which astrocytes are activated play significant roles in modulating both social-interactions and the sleep-wake cycle. It is possible therefore that the persistent disabilities seen in a subgroup of CCI rats are in part a functional consequence of this specific pattern of astrocyte activation.
%Z FOR Codes: 110906


%0 Journal Article
%A Johnston, Jill
%A Coleman, Nick
%A Denyer, Gareth
%A Gysbers, Vanessa
%A Hancock, Dale
%A Rohrlach, Beth
%A Agus, Helen
%T Achieving Collective Excellence in Learning, Teaching and Assessment
%B Synergy
%D 2009
%C Australia
%I Institute for Teaching and Learning (ITL)
%V 29
%N 
%P 30-33
%@ 1325-9881
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 130209


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Pelly, Fiona
%A O'Connor, Helen
%A Denyer, Gareth
%A Caterson, Ian
%T Catering for the athletes village at the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games: the role of sports dietitians.
%B International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism
%D 2009
%C United States
%I Human Kinetics
%V 19
%N 4
%P 340-354
%@ 1526-484X
%X This article describes the development, analysis, and implementation of the menu available to athletes and patrons in the main dining hall of the Athletes Village at the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games and the significant role of sports dietitians in this process. Menu design and development was informed by focus groups, literature reviews, and food-preference surveys of athletes. The final menu was also assessed by an expert panel of Australian sports dietitians. A custom-designed database (Foodweb) was developed to enable dietary analysis of food-production data and creation of point-of-choice nutrition labels. Dietitians assisted with quality assurance testing and training of catering staff. Athletes surveyed in the main dining hall (N=414) agreed that the menu contained sufficient variety and adequate meat, pasta/rice, vegetable/salad, fruit, and snack items. Sports dietitians played a significant role in ensuring that the menu met the needs of athletes from a range of differing cultural and sporting backgrounds. Dining-hall patrons provided positive feedback and few complaints about the overall dining experience. The information presented in this report can help future caterers and dietitians with the planning and provision of suitable food for athletic performance at an Olympic Games.
%Z FOR Codes: 111101


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Brand-Miller, Jennie C
%A Stockmann, Karola
%A Atkinson, Fiona
%A Petocz, Peter
%A Denyer, Gareth
%T Glycemic index, postprandial glycemia, and the shape of the curve in healthy subjects: analysis of a database of more than 1000 foods.
%B The American journal of clinical nutrition
%D 2009
%C United States
%I American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc
%V 89
%N 1
%P 97-105
%@ 0002-9165
%X The glycemic index (GI) characterizes foods by using the incremental area under the glycemic response curve relative to a similar amount of oral glucose. Its ability to differentiate between curves of different shapes, the peak response, and other aspects of the glycemic response is debatable.
%Z FOR Codes: 111103


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Wang, Yuqin
%A Mulligan, Claire
%A Denyer, Gareth
%A Delom, Frederic
%A Dagna-Bricarelli, Franca
%A Tybulewicz, Victor L J
%A Fisher, Elizabeth M C
%A Griffiths, William J
%A Nizetic, Dean
%A Groet, Juergen
%T Quantitative proteomic characterisation of a mouse embryonic stem cell model of Down syndrome.
%B Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP
%D 2009
%C United States
%I American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi
%V 8
%N 4
%P 585-95
%@ 1535-9484
%X Down syndrome, caused by the trisomy of chromosome 21, is a complex condition characterized by a number of phenotypic features, including reduced neuron number and synaptic plasticity, early Alzheimer disease-like neurodegeneration, craniofacial dysmorphia, heart development defects, increased incidence of childhood leukemia, and powerful suppression of the incidence of most solid tumors. Mouse models replicate a number of these phenotypes. The Tc1 Down syndrome model was constructed by introducing a single supernumerary human chromosome 21 into a mouse embryonic stem cell, and it reproduces a large number of Down syndrome phenotypes including heart development defects. However, little is still known about the developmental onset of the trisomy 21-induced mechanisms behind these phenotypes or the proteins that are responsible for them. This study determined the proteomic differences that are present in undifferentiated embryonic stem cells and are caused by an additional human chromosome 21. A total of 1661 proteins were identified using two-dimensional liquid chromatography followed by tandem mass spectrometry from whole embryonic stem cell lysates. Using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification, we found 52 proteins that differed in expression by greater than two standard deviations from the mean when an extra human chromosome 21 was present. Of these, at least 11 have a possible functional association with a Down syndrome phenotype or a human chromosome 21-encoded gene. This study also showed that quantitative protein expression differences in embryonic stem cells can persist to adult mouse as well as reproduce in human Down syndrome fetal tissue. This indicates that changes that are determined in embryonic stem cells of Down syndrome could potentially identify proteins that are involved in phenotypes of Down syndrome, and it shows that these cell lines can be used for the purpose of studying these pathomechanisms.
%Z FOR Codes: 111404


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Parish, Ian A
%A Rao, Sudha
%A Smyth, Gordon K
%A Juelich, Torsten
%A Denyer, Gareth S
%A Davey, Gayle M
%A Strasser, Andreas
%A Heath, William R
%T The molecular signature of CD8+ T cells undergoing deletional tolerance.
%B Blood
%D 2009
%C United States
%I American Society of Hematology
%V 113
%N 19
%P 4575-4585
%@ 0006-4971
%X Peripheral tolerance induction is critical for the maintenance of self-tolerance and can be mediated by immunoregulatory T cells or by direct induction of T-cell anergy or deletion. Although the molecular processes underlying anergy have been extensively studied, little is known about the molecular basis for peripheral T-cell deletion. Here, we determined the gene expression signature of peripheral CD8(+) T cells undergoing deletional tolerance, relative to those undergoing immunogenic priming or lymphopenia-induced proliferation. From these data, we report the first detailed molecular signature of cells undergoing deletion. Consistent with defective cytolysis, these cells exhibited deficiencies in granzyme up-regulation. Furthermore, they showed antigen-driven Bcl-2 down-regulation and early up-regulation of the proapoptotic protein Bim, consistent with the requirement of this BH3-only protein for peripheral T-cell deletion. Bim up-regulation was paralleled by defective interleukin-7 receptor alpha (IL-7Ralpha) chain reexpression, suggesting that Bim-dependent death may be triggered by loss of IL-7/IL-7R signaling. Finally, we observed parallels in molecular signatures between deletion and anergy, suggesting that these tolerance pathways may not be as molecularly distinct as previously surmised.
%Z FOR Codes: 110202 110199


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Canzonetta, Claudia
%A Mulligan, Claire
%A Deutsch, Samuel
%A Ruf, Sandra
%A O'Doherty, Aideen
%A Lyle, Robert
%A Borel, Christelle
%A Lin-Marq, Nathalie
%A Delom, Frederic
%A Groet, Jürgen
%A Schnappauf, Felix
%A De Vita, Serena
%A Averill, Sharon
%A Priestley, John V
%A Martin, Joanne E
%A Shipley, Janet
%A Denyer, Gareth
%A Epstein, Charles J
%A Fillat, Cristina
%A Estivill, Xavier
%A Tybulewicz, Victor L J
%A Fisher, Elizabeth M C
%A Antonarakis, Stylianos E
%A Nizetic, Dean
%T DYRK1A-dosage imbalance perturbs NRSF/REST levels, deregulating pluripotency and embryonic stem cell fate in Down syndrome.
%B American Journal of Human Genetics
%D 2008
%C United States
%I Cell Press
%V 83
%N 3
%P 388-400
%@ 1537-6605
%X Down syndrome (DS) is the most common cause of mental retardation. Many neural phenotypes are shared between DS individuals and DS mouse models; however, the common underlying molecular pathogenetic mechanisms remain unclear. Using a transchromosomic model of DS, we show that a 30%-60% reduced expression of Nrsf/Rest (a key regulator of pluripotency and neuronal differentiation) is an alteration that persists in trisomy 21 from undifferentiated embryonic stem (ES) cells to adult brain and is reproducible across several DS models. Using partially trisomic ES cells, we map this effect to a three-gene segment of HSA21, containing DYRK1A. We independently identify the same locus as the most significant eQTL controlling REST expression in the human genome. We show that specifically silencing the third copy of DYRK1A rescues Rest levels, and we demonstrate altered Rest expression in response to inhibition of DYRK1A expression or kinase activity, and in a transgenic Dyrk1A mouse. We reveal that undifferentiated trisomy 21 ES cells show DYRK1A-dose-sensitive reductions in levels of some pluripotency regulators, causing premature expression of transcription factors driving early endodermal and mesodermal differentiation, partially overlapping recently reported downstream effects of Rest +/-. They produce embryoid bodies with elevated levels of the primitive endoderm progenitor marker Gata4 and a strongly reduced neuroectodermal progenitor compartment. Our results suggest that DYRK1A-mediated deregulation of REST is a very early pathological consequence of trisomy 21 with potential to disturb the development of all embryonic lineages, warranting closer research into its contribution to DS pathology and new rationales for therapeutic approaches.
%Z FOR Codes: 111404


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Reynolds, R C
%A Stockmann, K S
%A Atkinson, F S
%A Denyer, G S
%A Brand-Miller, J C
%T Effect of the glycemic index of carbohydrates on day-long (10 h) profiles of plasma glucose, insulin, cholecystokinin and ghrelin.
%B European journal of clinical nutrition
%D 2008
%C United Kingdom
%I Nature Publishing Group
%V 63
%N 0
%P 872-8
%@ 0954-3007
%X Low glycemic index (GI) carbohydrates have been linked to increased satiety. The drive to eat may be mediated by postprandial changes in glucose, insulin and gut peptides.Objective:To investigate the effect of a low and a high GI diet on day-long (10 h) blood concentrations of glucose, insulin, cholecystokinin (CCK) and ghrelin (GHR).
%Z FOR Codes: 111199


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Wolever, Thomas M S
%A Brand-Miller, Jennie C
%A Abernethy, John
%A Astrup, Arne
%A Atkinson, Fiona
%A Axelsen, Mette
%A Björck, Inger
%A Brighenti, Furio
%A Brown, Rachel
%A Brynes, Audrey
%A Casiraghi, M Cristina
%A Cazaubiel, Murielle
%A Dahlqvist, Linda
%A Delport, Elizabeth
%A Denyer, Gareth S
%A Erba, Daniela
%A Frost, Gary
%A Granfeldt, Yvonne
%A Hampton, Shelagh
%A Hart, Valerie A
%A Hätönen, Katja A
%A Henry, C Jeya
%A Hertzler, Steve
%A Hull, Sarah
%A Jerling, Johann
%A Johnston, Kelly L
%A Lightowler, Helen
%A Mann, Neil
%A Morgan, Linda
%A Panlasigui, Leonora N
%A Pelkman, Christine
%A Perry, Tracy
%A Pfeiffer, Andreas F H
%A Pieters, Marlien
%A Ramdath, D Dan
%A Ramsingh, Rayna T
%A Robert, S Daniel
%A Robinson, Carol
%A Sarkkinen, Essi
%A Scazzina, Francesca
%A Sison, Dave Clark D
%A Sloth, Birgitte
%A Staniforth, Jane
%A Tapola, Niina
%A Valsta, Liisa M
%A Verkooijen, Inge
%A Weickert, Martin O
%A Weseler, Antje R
%A Wilkie, Paul
%A Zhang, Jian
%T Measuring the glycemic index of foods: interlaboratory study.
%B The American journal of clinical nutrition
%D 2008
%C United States
%I American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc
%V 87
%N 1
%P 247S-257S
%@ 0002-9165
%X BACKGROUND: Many laboratories offer glycemic index (GI) services. OBJECTIVE: We assessed the performance of the method used to measure GI. DESIGN: The GI of cheese-puffs and fruit-leather (centrally provided) was measured in 28 laboratories (n=311 subjects) by using the FAO/WHO method. The laboratories reported the results of their calculations and sent the raw data for recalculation centrally. RESULTS: Values for the incremental area under the curve (AUC) reported by 54% of the laboratories differed from central calculations. Because of this and other differences in data analysis, 19% of reported food GI values differed by >5 units from those calculated centrally. GI values in individual subjects were unrelated to age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, or AUC but were negatively related to within-individual variation (P=0.033) expressed as the CV of the AUC for repeated reference food tests (refCV). The between-laboratory GI values (mean+/-SD) for cheese-puffs and fruit-leather were 74.3+/-10.5 and 33.2+/-7.2, respectively. The mean laboratory GI was related to refCV (P=0.003) and the type of restrictions on alcohol consumption before the test (P=0.006, r2=0.509 for model). The within-laboratory SD of GI was related to refCV (P<0.001), the glucose analysis method (P=0.010), whether glucose measures were duplicated (P=0.008), and restrictions on dinner the night before (P=0.013, r2=0.810 for model). CONCLUSIONS: The between-laboratory SD of the GI values is approximately 9. Standardized data analysis and low within-subject variation (refCV<30%) are required for accuracy. The results suggest that common misconceptions exist about which factors do and do not need to be controlled to improve precision. Controlled studies and cost-benefit analyses are needed to optimize GI methodology. The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00260858.
%Z FOR Codes: 1111


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Gosby, Alison K
%A Stanton, Lisa M L
%A Maloney, Christopher A
%A Thompson, Madeleine
%A Briody, Julie
%A Baxter, Robert C
%A Bryson, Janet M
%A Denyer, Gareth S
%A Caterson, Ian D
%T Postnatal nutrition alters body composition in adult offspring exposed to maternal protein restriction.
%B The British journal of nutrition
%D 2008
%C United Kingdom
%I Cambridge University Press
%V 101
%N 0
%P 1878-84
%@ 0007-1145
%X The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system is altered with intra-uterine growth retardation and in adult metabolic disease. The aim of the present study was to observe effects of continued protein restriction on the IGF-I system and body composition in offspring of mothers fed a low-protein (LP) diet. Offspring from Wistar dams fed either a 20 % (CON) or 8 % (LP) protein diet during gestation and lactation were studied at birth, 10 d, weaning and at 12 weeks after maintenance on either the 8 % (lp) or 20 % (con) protein diet from weaning. LP offspring had reduced weaning weights (P < 0.05) and reduced serum insulin (P < 0.005). Serum IGF-I (P < 0.001) and acid-labile subunit (ALS) (P < 0.0001) were reduced at 10 and 21 d. Hepatic expression of IGF-I (P < 0.05) and ALS (P < 0.005) were reduced at 10 and 21 d. IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-1 hepatic expression was elevated at 10 d (P < 0.001) but not at 21 d. Adult LP-con offspring had reduced body weight (P < 0.05), lean (P < 0.0001) and bone (P < 0.0001) but not fat (P = 0.6) mass with no persistent effects on IGF-I, ALS and IGFBP-1.Postnatal lp feeding reduced lean mass (P < 0.0001) and bone mass (P < 0.0001) in CON and LP animals. Percentage fat (LP P = 0.04; CON P = 0.6) and IGFBP-1 (LP P = 0.01; CON P = 0.2) were increased in LP-lp but not CON-lp offspring. This suggests that postnatal nutrition is important in the effects of maternal protein restriction on adult body composition and that IGFBP-1 may be involved.
%Z FOR Codes: 110199 111199


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Sue, Nancy
%A Jack, Briony H A
%A Eaton, Sally A
%A Pearson, Richard C M
%A Funnell, Alister P W
%A Turner, Jeremy
%A Czolij, Robert
%A Denyer, Gareth
%A Bao, Shisan
%A Molero-Navajas, Juan Carlos
%A Perkins, Andrew
%A Fujiwara, Yuko
%A Orkin, Stuart H
%A Bell-Anderson, Kim
%A Crossley, Merlin
%T Targeted disruption of the Basic Kruppel-like Factor (Klf3) gene reveals a role in adipogenesis.
%B Molecular and cellular biology
%D 2008
%C United States
%I American Society for Microbiology
%V 28
%N 
%P 3967-78
%@ 0270-7306
%X Kr??ppel-like factors (KLFs) recognize CACCC and GC-rich sequences in gene regulatory elements. Here, we describe the disruption of the murine basic Kr??ppel-like factor gene (Bklf or Klf3). Klf3 knockout mice have less white adipose tissue, and their fat pads contain smaller and fewer cells. Adipocyte differentiation is altered in murine embryonic fibroblasts from Klf3 knockouts. Klf3 expression was studied in the 3T3-L1 cellular system. Adipocyte differentiation is accompanied by a decline in Klf3 expression, and forced overexpression of Klf3 blocks 3T3-L1 differentiation. Klf3 represses transcription by recruiting C-terminal binding protein (CtBP) corepressors. CtBPs bind NADH and may function as metabolic sensors. A Klf3 mutant that does not bind CtBP cannot block adipogenesis. Other KLFs, Klf2, Klf5, and Klf15, also regulate adipogenesis, and functional CACCC elements occur in key adipogenic genes, including in the C/ebpalpha promoter. We find that C/ebpalpha is derepressed in Klf3 and Ctbp knockout fibroblasts and adipocytes from Klf3 knockout mice. Chromatin immunoprecipitations confirm that Klf3 binds the C/ebpalpha promoter in vivo. These results implicate Klf3 and CtBP in controlling adipogenesis.
%Z FOR Codes: 1116


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Yu, P
%A Passam, F H
%A Yu, D M
%A Denyer, G
%A Krilis, S A
%T beta2-Glycoprotein I inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor induced angiogenesis through its amino terminal domain.
%B Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
%D 2008
%C United States
%I Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
%V 6
%N 
%P 1215-23
%@ 1538-7836
%X Beta-2 glycoprotein I (beta(2)GPI) is a plasma glycoprotein which interacts with various proteins of the coagulation and fibrinolysis system. beta(2)GPI has recently been shown to have anti-angiogenic properties.
%Z FOR Codes: 1101


%0 Journal Article
%~ Isi
%A Woltring, D
%A Shannon, MF
%A Gerondakis, S
%A Denyer, GS
%A Hardy, K
%A Rao, S
%A Bunting, K
%A Wang, J
%T Genome-wide analysis of gene expression in T cells to identify targets of the NF-kappa B transcription factor c-Rel
%B JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
%D 2007
%C United States
%I American Association of Immunologists
%V 178
%N 11
%P 7097-7109
%@ 0022-1767
%X 
%Z FOR Codes:


%0 Journal Article
%~ Isi
%A Both, M
%A Caterson, I
%A Hill, A
%A Franklin, J
%A Steinbeck, K
%A Denyer, G
%T Preadolescents who fat bully others
%B INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
%D 2007
%C United Kingdom
%I NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
%V 31
%N 0
%P S39-S39
%@ 0307-0565
%X 
%Z FOR Codes:


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Nguyen, Lisa L
%A Kriketos, Adamandia D
%A Hancock, Dale P
%A Caterson, Ian D
%A Denyer, Gareth S
%T Insulin resistance does not influence gene expression in skeletal muscle.
%B Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology
%D 2006
%C Korea
%I Biochemical Society of the Republic of Korea
%V 39
%N 4
%P 457-63
%@ 1225-8687
%X Insulin resistance is commonly observed in patients prior to the development of type 2 diabetes and may predict the onset of the disease. We tested the hypothesis that impairment in insulin stimulated glucose-disposal in insulin resistant patients would be reflected in the gene expression profile of skeletal muscle. We performed gene expression profiling on skeletal muscle of insulin resistant and insulin sensitive subjects using microarrays. Microarray analysis of 19,000 genes in skeletal muscle did not display a significant difference between insulin resistant and insulin sensitive muscle. This was confirmed with real-time PCR. Our results suggest that insulin resistance is not reflected by changes in the gene expression profile in skeletal muscle.
%Z FOR Codes: 110102


%0 Journal Article
%~ Isi
%A Hancock, D.
%A Nguyen, L. L.
%A Denyer, G. S.
%A Johnston, J. M.
%T Microarrays for undergraduate classes.
%B Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education
%D 2006
%C United States
%I John Wiley & Sons, Inc
%V 34
%N 6
%P 432-437
%@ 1470-8175
%X 
%Z FOR Codes:


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Franklin, Janet
%A Denyer, Gareth
%A Steinbeck, Katharine S
%A Caterson, Ian D
%A Hill, Andrew J
%T Obesity and Risk of Low Self-esteem: A Statewide Survey of Australian Children.
%B Pediatrics
%D 2006
%C United States
%I American Academy of Pediatrics
%V 118
%N 6
%P 2481-7
%@ 0031-4005
%X OBJECTIVE. There is variation in the psychological distress associated with child obesity. Low self-esteem, when observed, provides very little information about the nature of the distress and no indication of the proportion of obese children affected. This study used a domain approach to self-competence to evaluate self-esteem in a representative sample of Australian children. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS. A total of 2813 children (mean age: 11.3 years) took part in the study. They were recruited from 55 schools and were all in the last 2 years of primary school. Participants completed the Self-perception Profile for Children, a measure of body shape perception, and their height and weight were measured. RESULTS. Obese children had significantly lower perceived athletic competence, physical appearance, and global self-worth than their normal weight peers. Obese girls scored lower in these domains than obese boys and also had reduced perceived social acceptance. Obese children were 2-4 times more likely than their normal weight peers to have low domain competence. In terms of prevalence, 1 of 3 obese boys and 2 of 3 obese girls had low appearance competence, and 10% and 20%, respectively, had low global self-worth. Body dissatisfaction mediated most of the association between BMI and low competence in boys but not in girls. CONCLUSIONS. Obesity impacts the self-perception of children entering adolescence, especially in girls, but in selected areas of competence. Obese children are at particular risk of low perceived competence in sports, physical appearance, and peer engagement. Not all obese children are affected, although the reasons for their resilience are unclear. Quantifying risk of psychological distress alongside biomedical risk should help in arguing for more resources in child obesity treatment.
%Z FOR Codes: 111706 111101 111799


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Huang, Amy
%A Barzi, Federica
%A Huxley, Rachel
%A Denyer, Gareth
%A Rohrlach, Beth
%A Jayne, Kathy
%A Neal, Bruce
%T The Effects on Saturated Fat Purchases of Providing Internet Shoppers with Purchase- Specific Dietary Advice: A Randomised Trial.
%B PLoS clinical trials
%D 2006
%C United States
%I Public Library of Science
%V 1
%N 5
%P e22
%@ 1555-5887
%X The supermarket industry now services many customers through online food shopping over the Internet. The Internet shopping process offers a novel opportunity for the modification of dietary patterns. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects on consumers'' purchases of saturated fat of a fully automated computerised system that provided real-time advice tailored to the consumers'' specific purchases recommending foods lower in saturated fat.
%Z FOR Codes: