%0 Journal Article %~ PubMed %A Au, Cheryl P %A Raynes-Greenow, Camille H %A Turner, Robin M %A Carberry, Angela E %A Jeffery, Heather E %T Body Composition Is Normal in Term Infants Born to Mothers With Well-Controlled Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. %B Diabetes Care %D 2013 %C United States %I American Diabetes Association %V 36 %N 3 %P 562-564 %@ 0149-5992 %X %Z FOR Codes: 111403 111799 111402 %0 Journal Article %~ PubMed %A Vaughan, Janet I %A Jeffery, Heather E %A Raynes-Greenow, Camille %A Gordon, Adrienne %A Hirst, Jane %A Hill, David A %A Arbuckle, Susan %T A method for developing standardised interactive education for complex clinical guidelines. %B BMC Medical Education %D 2012 %C United Kingdom %I BioMed Central Ltd. %V 12 %N %P 108 %@ 1472-6920 %X %Z FOR Codes: 130209 %0 Journal Article %A Hirst, Jane %A Raynes-Greenow, Camille %A Jeffery, Heather %T A systematic review of trends of gestational diabetes mellitus in Asia %B Journal of Diabetology %D 2012 %C Pakistan %I Baqai Institute of Diabetology & Endocrinology %V 3 %N 4 %P 1-12 %@ 2078-7685 %X %Z FOR Codes: 111402 110306 111706 %0 Journal Article %~ PubMed %A Hirst, Jane E %A Tran, Thach S %A Do, My An T %A Morris, Jonathan M %A Jeffery, Heather E %T Consequences of gestational diabetes in an urban hospital in viet nam: a prospective cohort study. %B PLoS Medicine %D 2012 %C United States %I Public Library of Science %V 9 %N 7 %P e1001272 %@ 1549-1676 %X Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing and is a risk for type 2 diabetes. Evidence supporting screening comes mostly from high-income countries. We aimed to determine prevalence and outcomes in urban Viet Nam. We compared the proposed International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criterion, requiring one positive value on the 75-g glucose tolerance test, to the 2010 American Diabetes Association (ADA) criterion, requiring two positive values. %Z FOR Codes: 111402 %0 Journal Article %A Psaila, Kim %A Foster, Jann %A Richards, Robyn %A Jeffery, Heather %T Non-nutritive sucking for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in preterm and low birth weight infants %B Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews %D 2012 %C United Kingdom %I John Wiley & Sons, Inc. %V 4 %N %P CD009817 %@ 1469-493X %X %Z FOR Codes: 110307 111403 %0 Journal Article %~ PubMed %A Cohen, Gary %A Vella, Silvano %A Jeffery, Heather %A Lagercrantz, Hugo %A Katz-Salamon, Miriam %T Positional circulatory control in the sleeping infant and toddler: role of the inner ear and arterial pulse pressure. %B Journal of Physiology %D 2012 %C United Kingdom %I Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. %V 590 %N Pt 15 %P 3483-3493 %@ 1469-7793 %X %Z FOR Codes: 111403 %0 Journal Article %~ PubMed %A Hirst, Jane E %A Ha, Lieu T T %A Jeffery, Heather E %T Reducing the proportion of stillborn babies classified as unexplained in Vietnam by application of the PSANZ clinical practice guideline. %B The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology %D 2012 %C Australia %I Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia %V 52 %N 1 %P 62-66 %@ 1479-828X %X Background:??? Over 2.6 million babies are stillborn every year mostly in low- and middle-income countries, where cause of death remains often unexplained. Aim:??? To determine the applicability and utility of the Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand (PSANZ) Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) for Perinatal Mortality in reducing the proportion of unexplained stillbirths in a hospital setting in Vietnam. Methods:??? An analytic cross-sectional study of stillborn babies born at a major maternity facility in Vietnam. Maternal history, external physical examination of the baby and placental macroscopic examination were performed. Two experienced classifiers independently assigned PSANZ perinatal death classification (PDC). This was compared to cause of death documented in the hospital records. Results:??? 107 stillborn babies were born to 105 mothers. The proportion of stillborn babies classified as unexplained was reduced from 52.3 to 24.3% (P??? 80% follow-up and using random or quasi-random allocation to sedative or control. Control could include another sedative or non-pharmacological treatment. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Each author assessed study quality and extracted data independently. MAIN RESULTS: Seven studies enrolling 385 patients were included. There were substantial methodological concerns for most studies including the use of quasi-random allocation methods and sizeable, largely unexplained differences in reported numbers allocated to each group.One study reported phenobarbitone compared to supportive care alone did not reduce treatment failure or time to regain birthweight, but resulted in a significant reduction in duration of supportive care (MD -162.1 min/day, 95% CI -249.2, -75.1). Comparing phenobarbitone to diazepam, meta-analysis of two studies found phenobarbitone resulted in a significant reduction in treatment failure (typical RR 0.39, 95% CI 0.24, 0.62). Comparing phenobarbitone with chlorpromazine, one study reported no significant difference in treatment failure.In infants treated with an opiate, one study reported addition of clonidine resulted in no significant difference in treatment failure, seizures or mortality. In infants treated with an opiate, one study reported addition of phenobarbitone significantly reduced the proportion of time infants had a high abstinence severity score, duration of hospitalisation and maximal daily dose of opiate. AUTHORS'' CONCLUSIONS: Infants with NAS due to opiate withdrawal should receive initial treatment with an opiate. Where a sedative is used, phenobarbitone should be used in preference to diazepam. In infants treated with an opiate, the addition of phenobarbitone or clonidine may reduce withdrawal severity. Further studies are needed to determine the role of sedatives in infants with NAS due to opiate withdrawal and the safety and efficacy of adding phenobarbitone or clonidine in infants treated with an opiate for NAS. %Z FOR Codes: 111403 %0 Journal Article %~ Isi %A Flenady, V. %A Mahomed, K. %A Ellwood, D. %A Charles, A. %A Teale, G. %A Chadha, Y. %A Jeffery, H. %A Stacey, T. %A Ibiebele, I. %A Elder, M. %A Khong, Y. %A Australian New Zealand, Stillbirth %T Uptake of the Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand perinatal mortality audit guideline %B Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology %D 2010 %C Australia %I Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia %V 50 %N %P 138-143 %@ 0004-8666 %X %Z FOR Codes: 111401 %0 Journal Article %~ PubMed %A Hirst, Jane E %A Jeffery, Heather E %A Morris, Jonathan %A Foster, Kirsty %A Elliott, Elizabeth J %T Application of evidence-based teaching in maternal and child health in remote Vietnam. %B International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics %D 2009 %C Ireland %I Elsevier Ireland Ltd %V 104 %N 2 %P 152-5 %@ 0020-7292 %X To develop, implement, and evaluate an evidence-based multidisciplinary teaching program to improve maternal and infant health in remote Vietnam. %Z FOR Codes: 130209 %0 Journal Article %~ PubMed %A Lahra, Monica M %A Beeby, Philip J %A Jeffery, Heather E %T Intrauterine inflammation, neonatal sepsis, and chronic lung disease: a 13-year hospital cohort study. %B Pediatrics %D 2009 %C United States %I American Academy of Pediatrics %V 123 %N 5 %P 1314-1319 %@ 0031-4005 %X OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of intrauterine inflammation of maternal (chorioamnionitis) and fetal (umbilical vasculitis) origin and neonatal sepsis on the development of neonatal chronic lung disease in preterm infants. METHODS: This study was conducted at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital in Sydney, Australia. All infants born at <30 weeks'' gestation, admitted to the NICU, and surviving to 36 weeks'' corrected gestation during 1992-2004 were eligible. Infants with major congenital abnormalities and those without placental examination were excluded. Antenatal and perinatal data extracted from hospital databases were correlated with the independent, central neonatal database and diagnostic laboratory reports. Neonatal sepsis was categorized according to blood culture isolates into 3 groups: coagulase-negative staphylococci, other bacteria, and Candida species. RESULTS: There were 798 eligible infants born during the study period, and 761 (95.4%) had placental examination. The mean gestational age was 27.4 +/- 1.5 weeks. Antenatal maternal steroids were given to 94.4%. Regression analysis showed that chorioamnionitis with umbilical vasculitis and increasing gestation were associated with reduced odds of chronic lung disease. Chorioamnionitis without umbilical vasculitis showed a trend to reduced odds of chronic lung disease. Birth weight at <3rd percentile and neonatal sepsis were associated with increased odds of chronic lung disease. CONCLUSIONS: A fetal inflammatory response is protective for chronic lung disease. Neonatal sepsis is strongly associated with chronic lung disease, and the infecting organism is important. Coagulase-negative staphylococcal infection confers a risk for chronic lung disease similar to that of other bacteremias. Candidemia confers the greatest risk of chronic lung disease. %Z FOR Codes: 1103 %0 Journal Article %~ PubMed %A Headley, Elizabeth %A Gordon, Adrienne %A Jeffery, Heather %T Reclassification of unexplained stillbirths using clinical practice guidelines. %B The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology %D 2009 %C Australia %I Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia %V 49 %N 3 %P 285-289 %@ 1479-828X %X BACKGROUND: Twenty-eight per cent of stillbirths in Australia remain unexplained. A clinical practice guideline (CPG) produced by the Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand (PSANZ) Perinatal Mortality Special Interest Group is in use to assist clinicians in the investigation and audit of perinatal deaths. AIMS: To describe in a tertiary hospital using the PSANZ stillbirth investigation guidelines: (i) the distribution and classification of stillbirths, and (ii) the compliance with suggested stillbirth core investigations. METHODS: Retrospective cohort of all stillbirths delivered between November 2005 and March 2008. Stillbirths were defined as no sign of life on delivery at > or = 20 weeks gestation or 400 g birthweight if gestation is unknown. Data were collected via the hospital Perinatal Mortality Audit Committee (PMAC). Cause of death was classified by the PSANZ Perinatal Death Classification. RESULTS: There were 86 stillbirths (rate 7.2 per 1000 births). The percentage of unexplained stillbirths was 34% and 13% before and after CPG investigations, respectively. Unexplained stillbirths had the highest compliance with the recommended investigations. The initial cause of death documented on the death certificate was changed by the PMAC in 19 cases. The investigations most likely to prompt a change in the cause of death classification were autopsy and placental pathology. CONCLUSIONS: The percentage of unexplained stillbirths is lower than the national average in a hospital using the Perinatal Mortality Audit Guidelines. However, overall compliance is low, suggesting a targeted approach to investigation is used by clinicians despite a policy that aims to be non-selective. Autopsy and placental examination are the most useful investigations in assisting formal classification of cause of death. %Z FOR Codes: 1103 %0 Journal Article %~ PubMed %A Hunt, Rod W %A Tzioumi, Dimitra %A Collins, Edith %A Jeffery, Heather E %T Adverse neurodevelopmental outcome of infants exposed to opiate in-utero. %B Early Human Development %D 2008 %C Ireland %I Elsevier Ireland Ltd %V 84 %N 1 %P 29-35 %@ 0378-3782 %X In-utero drug exposure is associated with increased risks of perinatal morbidity and mortality, however longer term neurodevelopmental outcome of survivors is poorly described. AIMS: The aims of this paper are: (1) to review the published literature which examines neurodevelopmental outcome in infants with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) and (2) to report developmental follow-up data from a case-control study of babies exposed to opiate in-utero. METHODS: This study was conducted at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital in Sydney, NSW, through the multidisciplinary NAS service. Literature was reviewed after searching MEDLINE for relevant studies. Our own case-control study was conducted to examine neurodevelopmental outcome. A number of standardized neuropsychological tools were employed to assess these infants. RESULTS: Results from previously published studies on outcome of infants with NAS were not reassuring as to reported ''normal development''. In our own case-control study, opiate-exposed infants were significantly more likely to have neurodevelopmental impairment compared to healthy control infants, when assessed at 18 months and 3 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: Infants exposed to opiates in-utero are at increased risk of neurodevelopmental problems throughout early childhood. %Z FOR Codes: 111403 %0 Journal Article %A Cohen, Gary %A Vella, Silvano %A Jeffery, Heather %A Lagercrantz, Hugo %A Katz-Salamon, Miriam %T Cardiovascular Stress Hyperreactivity in Babies of Smokers and in Babies Born Preterm %B Circulation %D 2008 %C US %I Lippincott Williams & Wilkins %V 118 %N 18 %P 1848-1853 %@ 1524-4539 %X %Z FOR Codes: 110201 111403 %0 Journal Article %~ PubMed %A Gordon, Adrienne %A Jeffery, Heather E %T Classification and description of stillbirths in New South Wales, 2002-2004. %B The Medical Journal of Australia %D 2008 %C Australia %I Australasian Medical Publishing Company Pty. Ltd. %V 188 %N 11 %P 645-648 %@ 1326-5377 %X OBJECTIVE: To describe the pattern of stillbirths by cause and gestation period in New South Wales since the introduction of the Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand perinatal death classification (PSANZ-PDC); and to assess the agreement between classifications on cause of death between local hospital committees and the Perinatal Outcomes Working Party (POWP - a subgroup of the NSW Department of Health Ministerial Maternal and Perinatal Committee). DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: Population-based retrospective cohort study of all 258 045 births in NSW and all 1264 stillbirths classified by the POWP in 2002-2004, based on linked data on perinatal deaths from the NSW Midwives Data Collection and the NSW Ministerial Maternal and Perinatal Committee. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pattern of stillbirths by cause and gestation period; and interobserver agreement on classification of cause of death (according to the PSANZ-PDC) between local hospital review committees and the POWP. RESULTS: The most common classification was unexplained antepartum death, comprising 41.5% of the cohort and 60% of stillbirths of > or = 37 weeks'' gestation. These unexplained stillbirths were more likely to have had an autopsy performed than the explained stillbirths (45% v 36%; x2 = 10.1; df = 1; P = 0.001). Agreement on cause of death differed by cause of death classification, with an overall kappa statistic of 0.638. CONCLUSION: Unexplained antepartum death is the most common classification of stillbirths near term, and these stillbirths are more likely to have had an autopsy. Although reported interobserver agreement is high for PSANZ-PDC, in practice it is relatively low between hospital mortality review committees and the POWP. %Z FOR Codes: 111706 %0 Journal Article %A Jeffery, Heather %T Malaria in pregnancy %B Microbiology Australia %D 2008 %C Australia %I The Australian Society for Microbiology Inc. %V 29 %N %P 208-211 %@ 1324-4272 %X %Z FOR Codes: 110801 %0 Journal Article %~ PubMed %A Lahra, Monica M %A Beeby, Philip J %A Jeffery, Heather E %T Maternal versus fetal inflammation and respiratory distress syndrome: a 10 year hospital cohort study. %B Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition %D 2008 %C UK %I BMJ Publishing Group %V 94 %N 0 %P F13-6 %@ 1359-2998 %X To determine the impact of maternal and fetal intrauterine inflammatory responses (chorioamnionitis and umbilical vasculitis) on the development of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants. %Z FOR Codes: 111706 %0 Journal Article %~ PubMed %A Rawlinson, W D %A Hall, B %A Jones, C A %A Jeffery, H E %A Arbuckle, S M %A Graf, N %A Howard, J %A Morris, J M %T Viruses and other infections in stillbirth: what is the evidence and what should we be doing? %B Pathology %D 2008 %C 655 Avenue Of The Americas, New York, Ny, 10010 %I Elsevier Science Inc %V 40 %N 2 %P 149-160 %@ 0031-3025 %X In Australia, as in other developed countries, approximately 40-50% of stillbirths are of unknown aetiology. Emerging evidence suggests stillbirths are often multifactorial. The absence of a known cause leads to uncertainty regarding the risk of recurrence, which can cause extreme anguish for parents that may manifest as guilt, anger or bewilderment. Further, clinical endeavours to prevent recurrences in future pregnancies are impaired by lack of a defined aetiology. Therefore, efforts to provide an aetiological diagnosis of stillbirth impact upon all aspects of care of the mother, and inform many parts of clinical decision making. Despite the magnitude of the problem, that is 7 stillbirths per 1000 births in Australia, diagnostic efforts to discover viral aetiologies are often minimal. Viruses and other difficult to culture organisms have been postulated as the aetiology of a number of obstetric and paediatric conditions of unknown cause, including stillbirth. Reasons forwarded for testing stillbirth cases for infectious agents are non-medical factors, including addressing all parents'' need for diagnostic closure, identifying infectious agents as a sporadic cause of stillbirth to reassure parents and clinicians regarding risk for future pregnancies, and to reduce unnecessary testing. It is clear that viral agents including rubella, human cytomegalovirus (CMV), parvovirus B19, herpes simplex virus (HSV), lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), and varicella zoster virus (VZV) may cause intrauterine deaths. Evidence for many other agents is that minimal or asymptomatic infections also occur, so improved markers of adverse outcomes are needed. The role of other viruses and difficult-to-culture organisms in stillbirth is uncertain, and needs more research. However, testing stillborn babies for some viral agents remains a useful adjunct to histopathological and other examinations at autopsy. Modern molecular techniques such as multiplex PCR, allow searches for multiple agents. Now that such testing is available, it is important to assess the clinical usefulness of such testing. %Z FOR Codes: 111402 111404 111401 %0 Journal Article %~ Isi %A Black, ME %A Jeffery, HE %T Child wellbeing and inequalities in rich countries %B BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL %D 2007 %C London %I British Medical Journal Publishing Group %V 335 %N %P 1054-1055 %@ 0007-1447 %X %Z FOR Codes: 111403 %0 Journal Article %~ PubMed %A Lahra, Monica M %A Gordon, Adrienne %A Jeffery, Heather E %T Chorioamnionitis and fetal response in stillbirth. %B American journal of obstetrics and gynecology %D 2007 %C Inc, 11830 Westline %I Mosby %V 196 %N 3 %P 229.e1-e4 %@ 0002-9378 %X OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of chorioamnionitis and fetal inflammatory response in a stillborn cohort and the relationship of fetal response to spontaneous labor, unexplained antepartum death, and spontaneous preterm death. STUDY DESIGN: In a 15-year hospital cohort study, placental histopathologic evidence, labor onset, gestation, and cause of death classification data were analyzed. RESULTS: Of 459 stillbirths, 428 stillbirths were included. The incidence of chorioamnionitis was 36.9%, with higher rates evident in early and late gestation. A fetal inflammatory response was present in 13.3% and correlated with spontaneous labor and very early spontaneous preterm death. The absence of a fetal response was associated with unexplained antepartum death. CONCLUSION: The increased incidence of chorioamnionitis at extremes of gestation in stillbirth is novel and has important implications. The impact of a fetal response is gestation dependent and its absence is associated with unexplained antepartum death. %Z FOR Codes: %0 Book Section %A Jeffery, Heather %A Lahra, Monica M %T The Impact of Infection During Pregnancy on the Mother and Baby %B Fetal and Neonatal Pathology %D 2007 %C United Kingdom %I Springer %V %N %P 379-423 %@ 9781846285240 %E Keeling, Jean W %E Khong, T Yee %X %Z FOR Codes: 111403 111402 110316