%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Licht, Andrea S
%A Hyland, Andrew
%A Travers, Mark J
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Secondhand smoke exposure levels in outdoor hospitality venues: a qualitative and quantitative review of the research literature.
%B Tobacco Control
%D 2013
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Group
%V 22
%N 3
%P 172-179
%@ 0964-4563
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111716


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Mackenzie, Ross
%T There's Nothing That Succeeds Like Failure: Discerning the Woods From the Trees in Smoking Cessation Debates.
%B Nicotine & Tobacco Research
%D 2013
%C United Kingdom
%I Oxford University Press
%V 15
%N 3
%P 750-751
%@ 1469-994X
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Hefler, Marita
%A Freeman, Becky
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Tobacco control advocacy in the age of social media: using Facebook, Twitter and Change.
%B Tobacco Control
%D 2013
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Group
%V 22
%N 3
%P 210-214
%@ 0964-4563
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Derrick, Gemma E
%A Hayen, Andrew
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Haynes, Abby S
%A Webster, Berenika M
%A Anderson, Ian
%T A bibliometric analysis of research on Indigenous health in Australia, 1972-2008.
%B Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health
%D 2012
%C Australia
%I Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia
%V 36
%N 3
%P 269-273
%@ 1326-0200
%X Objective: To determine the growth patterns and citation volume of research publications referring to Indigenous health in Australia from 1972 to 2008 compared to seven selected health fields. Methods: Web of Science was used to identify all publications (n=820) referring to the health of Indigenous Australians authored by Australian researchers, 1972 to 2008. Citations for each publication were also captured. Growth was compared with selected health fields as well as with overall Australian research publications. Results: Research publications referring to Indigenous health, while remaining relatively small in number, grew at an average annual rate of 14.1%, compared with 8.2% across all fields of Australian research. The growth rate shown was equal second highest in our seven categories of health and medical research. However, Indigenous publications were cited significantly less than the Australian average. Conclusions: While there has been positive growth in publications referring to Indigenous health, the attention paid to this research through citations remains disappointingly low. Implications: Given that research concentration and impact can be an index of how seriously a nation considers a health problem, the low visibility of Australian research examining Indigenous health does not demonstrate a level of concern commensurate with the gravity of Indigenous health problems. Further investigation for the reasons for lower citations may identify potential intervention strategies.
%Z FOR Codes: 111701


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Fogarty, Andrea S
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Advocates, interest groups and Australian news coverage of alcohol advertising restrictions: content and framing analysis.
%B BMC Public Health
%D 2012
%C United Kingdom
%I BioMed Central Ltd.
%V 12
%N 1
%P 727
%@ 1471-2458
%X ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Legislating restrictions on alcohol advertising is a cost-effective measure to reduce consumption of alcohol. Yet Australia relies upon industry self-regulation through voluntary codes of practice regarding the content, timing and placement of alcohol advertising. Ending industry self-regulation was recommended by the National Preventative Health Taskforce; a suggestion contested by the drinks industry. Debates about emerging alcohol-control policies regularly play out in the news media, with various groups seeking to influence the discussion. This paper examines news coverage of recommendations to restrict alcohol advertising to see how supporters and opponents frame the debate, with a view to providing some suggestions for policy advocates to advance the discussion. METHODS: We used content and framing analyses to examine 329 Australian newspaper items mentioning alcohol advertising restrictions over 24 months. All items were coded for mentions of specific types of advertising and types of advertising restrictions, the presence of news frames that opposed or endorsed advertising restrictions, statements made within each frame and the news-actors who appeared. RESULTS: Restrictions were the main focus in only 36% of 329 items. Alcohol advertising was conceived of as television (47%) and sport-related (56%). Restrictions were mentioned in non-specific terms (45%), or specified as restrictions on timing and placement (49%), or content (22%). Public health professionals (47%) appeared more frequently than drinks industry representatives (18%). Five supportive news frames suggested the policy is a sensible public health response, essential to protect children, needed to combat the drinks industry, required to stop pervasive branding, or as only an issue in sport. Four unsupportive frames positioned restrictions as unnecessary for a responsible industry, an attack on legitimate commercial activities, ineffective and ''nannyist'', or inessential to government policy. Support varied among news-actors, with public health professionals (94%) more supportive than the public (68%), community-based organisations (76%), the government (72%), and the sports (16%), drinks (3%), or advertising (4%) industries. CONCLUSION: Restrictions on alcohol advertising currently have low newsworthiness as a standalone issue. Future advocacy might better define the exact nature of required restrictions, anticipate vocal opposition and address forms of advertising beyond televised sport if exposure to advertising, especially among children, is to be reduced.
%Z FOR Codes: 111712


%0 Journal Article
%A Imison, Michelle
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Australian journalists' reflections on local coverage of a health-related story from the developing world
%B Australian Journalism Review
%D 2012
%C Australia
%I Journalism Education Association
%V 34
%N 1
%P 93-107
%@ 0810-2686
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Fogarty, Andrea S
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Australian television news coverage of alcohol, health and related policies, 2005 to 2010: implications for alcohol policy advocates.
%B Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health
%D 2012
%C Australia
%I Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia
%V 36
%N 6
%P 530-536
%@ 1326-0200
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Derrick, Gemma
%T Bibliographic analysis of papers and authors published in Tobacco Control 1998-September 2011.
%B Tobacco Control
%D 2012
%C United Kingdom, Australia
%I BMJ Group
%V 21
%N 2
%P 198-201
%@ 0964-4563
%X In the present work, the top 20 cited papers published in Tobacco Control between 1998 and 15 September 2011, the top 10 cited papers published after 2008 and the 50 authors whose papers have been most cited in the journal are reported. US authors dominated the most cited papers and the most cited authors, with Australian authors in second place. Papers on youth and secondhand smoke dominated the top 20 papers, although harm reduction and packaging papers appeared in the post 2008 leading cited papers.
%Z FOR Codes: 111799


%0 Journal Article
%A Chapman, Simon
%A MacKenzie, Ross
%T Can it be ethical to apply limited resources in low income countries to ineffective, low reach smoking cessation strategies? A Reply to Bitton and Eyal
%B Public Health Ethics
%D 2012
%C United Kingdom
%I Oxford University Press
%V 5
%N 
%P 29-37
%@ 1754-9973
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111716 220104


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Does celebrity involvement in public health campaigns deliver long term benefit? Yes.
%B BMJ
%D 2012
%C United Kingdom
%I BioMed Central Ltd.
%V 345
%N 
%P e6364
%@ 1756-1833
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Editorial ignored 17 reviews on wind turbines and health.
%B BMJ
%D 2012
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Group
%V 344
%N 
%P e3366
%@ 1756-1833
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111705


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Mackenzie, Ross
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Generating news media interest in tobacco control; challenges in an advanced policy environment.
%B Health Promotion Journal of Australia
%D 2012
%C Australia
%I Australian Health Promotion Association
%V 23
%N 2
%P 92-96
%@ 1036-1073
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%A Forsyth, Rowena
%A Morrell, Bronwyn
%A Lipworth, Wendy
%A Kerridge, Ian
%A Jordens, Christopher
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Health Journalists' Perceptions of Their Professional Roles and Responsibilities for Ensuring the Veracity of Reports of Health Research
%B Journal of Mass Media Ethics
%D 2012
%C United States
%I Routledge
%V 27
%N 2
%P 130-141
%@ 0890-0523
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111716 111712 220107


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Haynes, Abby S
%A Derrick, Gemma E
%A Redman, Sally
%A Hall, Wayne D
%A Gillespie, James A
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Sturk, Heidi
%T Identifying trustworthy experts: how do policymakers find and assess public health researchers worth consulting or collaborating with?
%B PloS One
%D 2012
%C United States
%I Public Library of Science
%V 7
%N 3
%P e32665
%@ 1932-6203
%X This paper reports data from semi-structured interviews on how 26 Australian civil servants, ministers and ministerial advisors find and evaluate researchers with whom they wish to consult or collaborate. Policymakers valued researchers who had credibility across the three attributes seen as contributing to trustworthiness: competence (an exemplary academic reputation complemented by pragmatism, understanding of government processes, and effective collaboration and communication skills); integrity (independence, "authenticity", and faithful reporting of research); and benevolence (commitment to the policy reform agenda). The emphases given to these assessment criteria appeared to be shaped in part by policymakers'' roles and the type and phase of policy development in which they were engaged. Policymakers are encouraged to reassess their methods for engaging researchers and to maximise information flow and support in these relationships. Researchers who wish to influence policy are advised to develop relationships across the policy community, but also to engage in other complementary strategies for promoting research-informed policy, including the strategic use of mass media.
%Z FOR Codes: 111799


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Legal action by Big Tobacco against the Australian government's plain packaging law.
%B Tobacco Control
%D 2012
%C United Kingdom, Australia
%I BMJ Group
%V 21
%N 2
%P 80-81
%@ 0964-4563
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111716


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Freeman, Becky
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Measuring Interactivity on Tobacco Control Websites.
%B Journal of Health Communication
%D 2012
%C United States
%I Taylor & Francis Inc.
%V 17
%N 7
%P 857-865
%@ 1087-0415
%X With the increased reach of Web 2.0, Internet users expect webpages to be interactive. No studies have been conducted to assess whether tobacco control-relevant sites have implemented these features. The authors conducted an analysis of an international sample of tobacco control-relevant websites to determine their level of interactivity. The sample included 68 unique websites selected from Google searches in 5 countries, on each country''s Google site, using the term smoking. The 68 sites were analyzed for 10 categories of interactive tools. The most common type of interactive content found on 46 (68%) of sites was for multimedia featuring content that was not primarily text based, such as photo galleries, videos, or podcasts. Only 11 (16%) websites-outside of media sites-allowed people to interact and engage with the site owners and other users by allowing posting comments on content and/or hosting forums/discussions. Linkages to social networking sites were low: 17 pages (25%) linked to Twitter, 15 (22%) to Facebook, and 11 (16%) to YouTube. Interactivity and connectedness to online social media appears to still be in its infancy among tobacco control-relevant sites.
%Z FOR Codes: 111799


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Nicotine replacement therapy: evidence from observational studies versus clinical trials.
%B Medical Journal of Australia
%D 2012
%C Australia
%I Australasian Medical Publishing Company Pty. Ltd.
%V 197
%N 1
%P 28
%@ 1326-5377
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Book Section
%A Liberman, Jonathan
%A Scollo, Michelle
%A Freeman, Rebecca
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Plain Tobacco Packaging in Australia: The Historical and Social Context
%B Public Health And Plain Packaging Of Cigarettes: Legal Issues
%D 2012
%C United Kingdom
%I Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd
%V 
%N 
%P 30-47
%@ 9780857939425
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Morrell, Bronwen
%A Forsyth, Rowena
%A Kerridge, Ian
%A Stewart, Cameron
%T Policies and practices on competing interests of academic staff in Australian universities.
%B Medical Journal of Australia
%D 2012
%C Australia
%I Australasian Medical Publishing Company Pty. Ltd.
%V 196
%N 7
%P 452-456
%@ 1326-5377
%X To document the existence and provisions of Australian universities'' policies on the competing interests of academic staff and university practices in recording, updating and making these declarations publicly accessible.
%Z FOR Codes: 111799 2201


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Fernández, Esteve
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Quitting smoking and gaining weight: the odd couple.
%B BMJ
%D 2012
%C United States
%I BMJ Group
%V 345
%N 
%P e4544
%@ 1756-1833
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111712


%0 Journal Article
%A Holland, Kate
%A Blood, R.Warwick
%A Imison, Michelle
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Fogarty, Andrea
%T Risk, expert uncertainty and Australian news media: Public and private faces of expert opinion during the 2009 swine 'flu pandemic.
%B Journal of Risk Research
%D 2012
%C United Kingdom
%I Routledge
%V 16
%N 6
%P 657-671
%@ 1366-9877
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111712 111706


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Wakefield, Melanie
%T Smoking cessation strategies.
%B BMJ
%D 2012
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Group
%V 344
%N 
%P e1732
%@ 1756-1833
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111712


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T The Case for a Smoker's License.
%B PLoS Medicine
%D 2012
%C United States
%I Public Library of Science
%V 9
%N 11
%P e1001342
%@ 1549-1676
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Gao, Junling
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Sun, Shaojing
%A Fu, Hua
%A Zheng, Pinpin
%T The growth in newspaper coverage of tobacco control in China, 2000-2010.
%B BMC Public Health
%D 2012
%C United Kingdom
%I BioMed Central Ltd.
%V 12
%N 
%P 160
%@ 1471-2458
%X Media coverage of tobacco-related issues can potentially shape individual beliefs, attitudes and behaviors about tobacco use. This study aims to describe news coverage of tobacco control related issues in Chinese newspapers from 2000 to 2010.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Daube, Mike
%A Chapman, Simon
%T The legacy of the tobacco colossus Richard Doll.
%B BMJ
%D 2012
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Group
%V 345
%N 
%P e7311
%@ 1756-1833
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111716


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T The tobacco industry is terrified of plain packs.
%B BMJ
%D 2012
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Group
%V 344
%N 
%P e1617
%@ 1756-1833
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111712


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Dunlop, Sally M
%A Cotter, Trish
%A Perez, Donna
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Tobacco in the news: associations between news coverage, news recall and smoking-related outcomes in a sample of Australian smokers and recent quitters.
%B Health education research
%D 2012
%C United Kingdom
%I Oxford University Press
%V 27
%N 1
%P 160-71
%@ 1465-3648
%X This paper aims to track smokers'' and recent quitters'' recall of tobacco news, compare patterns of recall with patterns of news coverage and assess associations between news recall and smoking-related cognitions and behaviours, by using a quantitative analysis. The Cancer Institute New South Wales (NSW)''s Tobacco Tracking Survey, a continuous tracking telephone survey of adult smokers and recent quitters, was used to monitor recall of tobacco news and smoking-related cognitions and behaviours from January to September 2010 (approximately 50 interviews per week; n = 1952). Thirty per cent of respondents reported semi-prompted recall of tobacco news with patterns of recall closely following peaks in news coverage. Television was the most frequently cited source of tobacco news. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that, controlling for individual characteristics, smokers with high levels of tobacco news recall were significantly more likely to have strong beliefs about harms from smoking [odds ratio (OR) = 1.38] and frequent thoughts about quitting (OR = 1.32). The results show that the news media are an important source of information for smokers, with the potential to influence beliefs and to put or keep quitting on the smokers'' agenda. Media advocacy remains an important component of tobacco control.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Daube, Mike M
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Tobacco plain packaging.
%B Medical Journal of Australia
%D 2012
%C Australia
%I Australasian Medical Publishing Company Pty. Ltd
%V 197
%N 5
%P 272
%@ 1326-5377
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Fogarty, Andrea S
%A Holland, Kate
%A Imison, Michelle
%A Blood, R Warwick
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Holding, Simon
%T Communicating uncertainty - how Australian television reported H1N1 risk in 2009: a content analysis.
%B BMC public health
%D 2011
%C United Kingdom
%I BioMed Central Ltd.
%V 11
%N 1
%P 181
%@ 1471-2458
%X Health officials face particular challenges in communicating with the public about emerging infectious diseases of unknown severity such as the 2009 H1N1(swine ''flu) pandemic (pH1N1). Statements intended to create awareness and convey the seriousness of infectious disease threats can draw accusations of scare-mongering, while officials can be accused of complacency if such statements are not made. In these communication contexts, news journalists, often reliant on official sources to understand issues are pivotal in selecting and emphasising aspects of official discourse deemed sufficiently newsworthy to present to the public. This paper presents a case-study of news communication regarding the emergence of pH1N1.
%Z FOR Codes: 111709


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Derrick, Gemma E
%A Haynes, Abby S
%A Hall, Wayne D
%T Democratising assessment of researchers' track records: a simple proposal.
%B The Medical Journal of Australia
%D 2011
%C Australia
%I Australasian Medical Publishing Company Pty. Ltd.
%V 195
%N 3
%P 147-148
%@ 1326-5377
%X How to ensure a better match between grant applicant and reviewer expertise.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Farrelly, Matthew C
%T Four Arguments against the Adult-Rating of Movies with Smoking Scenes.
%B PLoS Medicine
%D 2011
%C United States
%I Public Library of Science
%V 8
%N 8
%P e1001078
%@ 1549-1676
%X Simon Chapman and Matthew Farrelly argue against recent calls in the US and elsewhere for movies with smoking scenes to be adult-rated.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Fogarty, Andrea S
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Framing and the marginalisation of evidence in media reportage of policy debate about alcopops, Australia 2008-2009: Implications for advocacy.
%B Drug and alcohol review
%D 2011
%C United Kingdom, Australia
%I Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
%V 30
%N 6
%P 569-76
%@ 0959-5236
%X We aimed to investigate news reportage of the contested Australian 2008 ''alcopop tax'' on ready-to-drink spirits, with an emphasis on the treatment of evidence of the tax''s effect on consumption rates. The tax was associated with both and overall net reduction in alcohol consumption (2.7%) and reduction specifically in ready-to-drink spirits (26.1%).
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A MacKenzie, Ross
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Holding, Simon
%T Framing responsibility: coverage of lung cancer among smokers and non-smokers in Australian television news.
%B Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health
%D 2011
%C Australia
%I Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia
%V 35
%N 1
%P 66-70
%@ 1326-0200
%X To analyse news portrayals of lung cancer and associated inferences about responsibility in Australian television news.
%Z FOR Codes: 111799 111706


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Haynes, Abby S
%A Derrick, Gjemma E
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Redman, Sally
%A Hall, Wayne D
%A Gillespie, James
%A Sturk, Heidi
%T From "our world" to the "real world": Exploring the views and behaviour of policy-influential Australian public health researchers.
%B Social science & medicine (1982)
%D 2011
%C United Kingdom
%I Pergamon
%V 72
%N 7
%P 1047-55
%@ 1873-5347
%X Research and researchers influence the genesis and development of public health policy in limited but essential ways. Surveys and interviews with 36 peer-nominated "highly influential" Australian public health researchers found they engaged in a breadth of strategies that included rigorous but targeted research design, multilateral collaboration, multiple methods of research dissemination and promotion (including tactical use of the media), and purposeful development of bridging relationships. Researchers'' ability to understand the worlds of research, policy and the media and to speak their languages (or to work with others who fulfilled this role) was a key factor. Advocacy was seen as fundamental by some but was disparaged by others. Influential behaviours were guided by values and beliefs about the principles underlying traditional science and the contrasting ethos of contemporary research. This study may help researchers consider their own policy-related roles, strategies and relationships in the context of increasing calls for research that serves economic and/or social goals.
%Z FOR Codes: 111799


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Freeman, Becky
%T From brand to bland--the demise of cigarette packaging.
%B BMJ
%D 2011
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Group
%V 343
%N 
%P d4376
%@ 1468-5833
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Haynes, Abby S
%A Gillespie, James A
%A Derrick, Gemma E
%A Hall, Wayne D
%A Redman, Sally
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Sturk, Heidi
%T Galvanizers, guides, champions, and shields: the many ways that policymakers use public health researchers.
%B The Milbank Quarterly
%D 2011
%C United States
%I Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
%V 89
%N 4
%P 564-598
%@ 1468-0009
%X Context: Public health researchers make a limited but important contribution to policy development. Some engage with policy directly through committees, advisory boards, advocacy coalitions, ministerial briefings, intervention design consultation, and research partnerships with government, as well as by championing research-informed policy in the media. Nevertheless, the research utilization literature has paid little attention to these diverse roles and the ways that policymakers use them. This article describes how policymakers use researchers in policymaking and examines how these activities relate to models of research utilization. It also explores the extent to which policymakers'' accounts of using researchers concur with the experiences of "policy-engaged" public health researchers. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with thirty-two Australian civil servants, parliamentary ministers, and ministerial advisers identified as "research-engaged" by public health researchers. We used structured and inductive coding to generate categories that we then compared with some of the major research utilization models. Findings: Policymakers were sophisticated and multifaceted users of researchers for purposes that we describe as Galvanizing Ideas, Clarification and Advice, Persuasion, and Defense. These categories overlapped but did not wholly fit with research utilization models. Despite the negative connotation, "being used" was reported as reciprocal and uncompromising, although researchers and policymakers were likely to categorize these uses differently. Policymakers countered views expressed by some researchers. That is, they sought robust dialogue and creative thinking rather than compliance, and they valued expert opinion when research was insufficient for decision making. The technical/political character of policy development shaped the ways in which researchers were used. Conclusions: Elucidating the diverse roles that public health researchers play in policymaking, and the multiple ways that policymakers use these roles, provides researchers and policymakers with a framework for negotiating and reflecting on activities that may advance the public health goals shared by both.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Gun control. Australian and US gun deaths compared.
%B BMJ
%D 2011
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Group
%V 342
%N 
%P d1005
%@ 1468-5833
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111716


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Health and philanthropy-the tobacco connection.
%B Lancet
%D 2011
%C United Kingdom
%I The Lancet Publishing Group
%V 377
%N 9759
%P 11-3
%@ 0140-6736
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Lessons for the UK in how the Australians have reduced smoking.
%B BMJ
%D 2011
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Group
%V 343
%N 
%P d6797
%@ 1468-5833
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Personal view. Should the spectacle of surgery be sold to the highest bidder?
%B BMJ
%D 2011
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Group
%V 342
%N 
%P d237
%@ 1468-5833
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111799 110323


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Mackenzie, Ross
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Pig's blood in cigarette filters: how a single news release highlighted tobacco industry concealment of cigarette ingredients.
%B Tobacco control
%D 2011
%C United Kingdom, Australia
%I BMJ Group
%V 20
%N 2
%P 169-72
%@ 0964-4563
%X The tobacco industry is not obligated to disclose ingredients and additives used in manufactured tobacco production. This paper describes global reaction to a press release highlighting evidence that porcine haemoglobin ("pig''s blood") was sometimes used in cigarette manufacturing while never being disclosed to smokers. The case study illustrates the power of press releases to ignite major interest in tobacco control issues.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%A Bonfiglioli, Catriona
%A Smith, Ben J
%A King, Lesley
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Holding, Simon
%A Bauman, Adrian
%T Risky exercise – is physical activity losing the news race?
%B Australian Journalism Review
%D 2011
%C Australia
%I Journalism Education Associacion
%V 33
%N 1
%P 73-84
%@ 0810-2686
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111716


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Tar wars over smoking cessation.
%B BMJ
%D 2011
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Group
%V 343
%N 
%P d5008
%@ 1468-5833
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111716


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Derrick, Gemma Elizabeth
%A Haynes, Abby
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Hall, Wayne D
%T The Association between Four Citation Metrics and Peer Rankings of Research Influence of Australian Researchers in Six Fields of Public Health.
%B PloS One
%D 2011
%C United States
%I Public Library of Science
%V 6
%N 4
%P e18521
%@ 1932-6203
%X Doubt about the relevance, appropriateness and transparency of peer review has promoted the use of citation metrics as a viable adjunct or alternative in the assessment of research impact. It is also commonly acknowledged that research metrics will not replace peer review unless they are shown to correspond with the assessment of peers. This paper evaluates the relationship between researchers'' influence as evaluated by their peers and various citation metrics representing different aspects of research output in 6 fields of public health in Australia. For four fields, the results showed a modest positive correlation between different research metrics and peer assessments of research influence. However, for two fields, tobacco and injury, negative or no correlations were found. This suggests a peer understanding of research influence within these fields differed from visibility in the mainstream, peer-reviewed scientific literature. This research therefore recommends the use of both peer review and metrics in a combined approach in assessing research influence. Future research evaluation frameworks intent on incorporating metrics should first analyse each field closely to determine what measures of research influence are valued highly by members of that research community. This will aid the development of comprehensive and relevant frameworks with which to fairly and transparently distribute research funds or approve promotion applications.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Why the tobacco industry fears plain packaging.
%B The Medical Journal of Australia
%D 2011
%C Australia
%I Australasian Medical Publishing Company Pty. Ltd.
%V 195
%N 5
%P 255
%@ 1326-5377
%X Tobacco control advocate Simon Chapman explains how this public health reform will work.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Wind farms and health: who is fomenting community anxieties?
%B Medical Journal of Australia
%D 2011
%C Australia
%I Australasian Medical Publishing Company Pty. Ltd
%V 195
%N 9
%P 495
%@ 1326-5377
%X Public health expert, Simon Chapman points to activists with hidden agendas.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Zheng, Pinpin
%A Li, Weixia
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Zhang, Zhixing
%A Gao, Junling
%A Fu, Hua
%T Workplace exposure to secondhand smoke and its association with respiratory symptoms--a cross-sectional study among workers in Shanghai.
%B Tobacco Control
%D 2011
%C United Kingdom, Australia
%I BMJ Group
%V 20
%N 1
%P 58-63
%@ 0964-4563
%X To describe workplace exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) among different working populations in Shanghai; to identify any association between respiratory symptoms and SHS exposure in these workplaces.
%Z FOR Codes: 110203 111716


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Gao, Jianing
%A Zheng, Pinpin
%A Gao, Junling
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Fu, Hua
%T Workplace smoking policies and their association with male employees' smoking behaviours: a cross-sectional survey in one company in China.
%B Tobacco control
%D 2011
%C United Kingdom, Australia
%I BMJ Group
%V 20
%N 2
%P 131-136
%@ 0964-4563
%X The present work sought to evaluate different worksite smoking control policies and their associations with employees'' smoking behaviours and attitudes among Chinese male workers.
%Z FOR Codes: 111712


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Leask, Julie
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Robbins, Spring Chenoa Cooper
%T "All manner of ills": The features of serious diseases attributed to vaccination.
%B Vaccine
%D 2010
%C United Kingdom
%I Elsevier Ltd
%V 28
%N 17
%P 3066-70
%@ 0264-410X
%X Anti-vaccination writings have linked vaccines with a wide range of negative outcomes. The majority of evidence negates such connections raising the question of what makes these attributions attractive. This research identified diseases and conditions which are claimed to have been caused by vaccines and identified their shared societal features. They shared an idiopathic origin; apparent rise in incidence; face-value biological plausibility of a link to vaccines; dreaded outcomes; and their onset having close proximity to immunisation. Any attempt to re-frame erroneous claims about vaccination first requires an identification of the deeper anxieties in which they are located.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Mackenzie, Ross
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Holding, Simon
%A Stiven, Annie
%T "No Respecter of Youth": Over-representation of Young Women in Australian Television Coverage of Breast Cancer.
%B Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education
%D 2010
%C United States
%I Springer New York LLC
%V 25
%N 4
%P 565-70
%@ 1543-0154
%X Ninety four percent of new breast cancer cases in Australian women occur in those aged over 40. Mammographic breast screening programs target women over 40, especially those aged 50-69, but participation rates in this age group have recently declined. To test the hypothesis that young women, at low risk for breast cancer, are overrepresented in television news, we analyzed all televised news reports on age and breast cancer shown on five free-to-air Sydney television stations, from 3 May 2005 to 28 February 2007, to determine the age of women shown with, or at risk for, the disease. Over half (55%) of statements about age and breast cancer referred to young women stated or known to be aged under 40. Sixty seven percent of images of women in breast cancer reports were known or judged to be women aged under 40. Three cases in young celebrity women accounted for 53% of all statements and 24% of all images about young women and breast cancer. Overrepresentation of young women with breast cancer in television news coverage does not reflect the epidemiology of the disease. This imbalance may contribute to public uncertainty regarding screening policy.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Imison, Michelle
%A Chapman, Simon
%T 'Disease, Disaster and Despair'? The Presentation of Health in Low- and Middle-Income Countries on Australian Television.
%B PloS one
%D 2010
%C United States
%I Public Library of Science
%V 5
%N 11
%P e14106
%@ 1932-6203
%X BACKGROUND: In high-income nations mainstream television news remains an important source of information about both general health issues and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, research on news coverage of health in LMICs is scarce. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The present paper examines the general features of Australian television coverage of LMIC health issues, testing the hypotheses that this coverage conforms to the general patterns of foreign news reporting in high-income countries and, in particular, that LMIC health coverage will largely reflect Australian interests. We analysed relevant items from May 2005 - December 2009 from the largest health-related television dataset of its kind, classifying each story on the basis of the region(s) it covered, principal content relating to health in LMICs and the presence of an Australian reference point. LMICs that are culturally proximate and politically significant to Australia had higher levels of reportage than more distant and unengaged nations. Items concerning communicable diseases, injury and aspects of child health generally consonant with ''disease, disaster and despair'' news frames predominated, with relatively little emphasis given to chronic diseases which are increasingly prevalent in many LMICs. Forty-two percent of LMIC stories had explicit Australian content, such as imported medical expertise or health risk to Australians in LMICs. SIGNIFICANCE: Media consumers'' perceptions of disease burdens in LMICs and of these nations'' capacity to identify and manage their own health priorities may be distorted by the major news emphasis on exotic disease, disaster and despair stories. Such perceptions may inhibit the development of appropriate policy emphases in high-income countries. In this context, non-government organisations concerned with international development may find it more difficult to strike a balance between crises and enduring issues in their health programming and fundraising efforts.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%A Derrick, G E
%A Sturk, H
%A Haynes, A S
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Hall, W D
%T A cautionary bibliometric tale of two cities
%B Scientometrics
%D 2010
%C Hungary
%I Akademiai Kiado Rt.
%V 8
%N 2
%P 317-320
%@ 0138-9130
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 80702


%0 Journal Article
%A Chapman, Simon
%T BAT’s tax figures do not add up
%B Tobacco Control
%D 2010
%C United Kingdom, Australia
%I BMJ Group
%V 19
%N 2
%P 92-93
%@ 0964-4563
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 140208 111716


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Freeman, Becky
%A Chapman, Simon
%T British American Tobacco on Facebook: undermining article 13 of the global World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.
%B Tobacco control
%D 2010
%C United Kingdom, Australia
%I BMJ Group
%V 19
%N 3
%P e1-9
%@ 0964-4563
%X The World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) bans all forms of tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship. The comprehensiveness of this ban has yet to be tested by online social networking media such as Facebook. In this paper, the activities of employees of the transnational tobacco company, British American Tobacco, (BAT) on Facebook and the type of content associated with two globally popular BAT brands (Dunhill and Lucky Strike) are mapped.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Competing interests. The odium of industry engagement.
%B BMJ
%D 2010
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Group
%V 341
%N 
%P c3575
%@ 1468-5833
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 220107


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Firearm deaths in Australia after law reform.
%B Medicine, Science and the Law
%D 2010
%C United Kingdom
%I Royal Society of Medicine Press Ltd.
%V 50
%N 1
%P 53
%@ 0025-8024
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111716


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Freeman, Becky
%A Gartner, Coral
%A Hall, Wayne
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Forecasting future tobacco control policy: where to next?
%B Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health
%D 2010
%C Australia
%I Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia
%V 34
%N 5
%P 447-450
%@ 1326-0200
%X Objective: Effective tobacco control policies include price increases through taxes, restrictions on smoking in public and work places, adequately funded mass media campaigns, bans on advertising, health warnings on packages and cessation assistance. As these policies have been largely implemented in Australia, what next should the country do in tobacco control? Methods: Ninety-one Australian tobacco control stakeholders took part in a web-based survey about the future of tobacco control policies. Results: The policy deemed most important in decreasing smoking was to increase excise and customs duty by 30%. Other policies receiving high support included: funding mass media campaigns through tax hypothecation; introducing retail display bans; plain packaging of tobacco products; and banning smoking in outdoor dining areas. Reintroducing the sale of smokeless tobacco products received the least support. Conclusion: Countries that have largely implemented the provisions of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control must maintain commitments to proven tobacco control measures, but also provide global leadership through the adoption of innovative policies. Implications: The release of the Australian 2009 National Preventative Health Taskforce''s report presents an opportunity to translate these ideas into action.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Barratt, Alexandra
%T Has PSA testing truly been a "public health disaster"?
%B The Medical Journal of Australia
%D 2010
%C Australia
%I Australasian Medical Publishing Company Pty. Ltd.
%V 193
%N 7
%P 431; author reply 431
%@ 0025-729X
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111708


%0 Book Section
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Influencing politicians to implement comprehensive tobacco control: the power of news media
%B Tobacco: Science, Policy, and Public Health
%D 2010
%C New York, USA
%I Oxford University Press
%V 
%N 
%P 691-696
%@ 9780199566655
%E Boyle, Peter
%E Gray, Nigel
%E Henningfield, Jack
%E Seffrin, John
%E Zatonski, Witold A
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111716


%0 Book
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Barratt, Alexandra
%A Stockler, Martin
%T Let sleeping dogs lie?- What men should know before getting tested for prostate cancer.
%B 
%D 2010
%C Australia
%I Sydney University Press
%V 
%N 
%P 
%@ 9781920899684
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111202 111716


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Butler, Rosalind
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Thomas, David P
%A Torzillo, Paul
%T Low daily smoking estimates derived from sales monitored tobacco use in six remote predominantly Aboriginal communities.
%B Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health
%D 2010
%C Australia
%I Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia
%V 34
%N Suppl 1
%P S71-S75
%@ 1326-0200
%X To estimate daily cigarette consumption among residents aged 15+ in five remote central Australian predominantly Aboriginal communities.
%Z FOR Codes: 111701 111716 111799


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Hinchcliff, R
%A Chapman, S
%A Ivers, R Q
%A Senserrick, T
%A Du, W
%T Media framing of graduated licensing policy debates.
%B Accident Analysis & Prevention
%D 2010
%C United Kingdom, Unit
%I Elsevier Ireland Ltd
%V 42
%N 4
%P 1283-1287
%@ 1879-2057
%X BACKGROUND: The overrepresentation of young drivers in road trauma statistics produces significant media interest. Graduated licensing restrictions involving night-time curfews and restrictions on passenger numbers are prominent topics within media coverage. This was particularly apparent in Australia between January 2004 and July 2008, when various models of either restriction were introduced in four states. METHODS: Australian newspaper and Sydney free-to-air television coverage during the peak period were analysed to identify the framing strategies used by news actors supporting or opposing these policies. RESULTS: Fifteen frames were identified. These predominantly assessed the proposed restrictions in terms of their need, evidence base, practicality and the degree to which they were consonant with ''commonsense'' perceptions and had community support. While expert road injury reduction news actors primarily emphasised their moral imperative and likely effectiveness, opponents stressed their impracticality and proposed alternative solutions. CONCLUSIONS: Research evidence is only one component of information presented as policy-relevant in policy discourse conducted in news media. Policy reform advocates using the media to advocate for evidence-based policies in road injury prevention need to appreciate that evidence is not the only currency exchanged in such debates and should study opponents'' rhetoric in order to anticipate and counteract the framing strategies being used.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Mackenzie, Ross
%T Misrepresentation in stapleton's commentary.
%B Addiction
%D 2010
%C United Kingdom
%I Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
%V 105
%N 11
%P 2031-2032
%@ 1360-0443
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Henson, Connie
%A Chapman, Simon
%A McLeod, Lachlan
%A Johnson, Natalie
%A Hickie, Ian
%T Room for improvement: mixed portrayal of young people with mental illness on Australian television news.
%B The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
%D 2010
%C United Kingdom, Aust
%I Informa Healthcare
%V 44
%N 3
%P 267-272
%@ 1440-1614
%X OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to review television news depiction of mental illness in children and adolescents to test the hypothesis that positive portrayals of adults with mental illness also apply to young people. METHODS: Content and frame analysis of first-person depictions and overall news angle was carried out to determine whether depictions were positive, neutral or negative. RESULTS: The media portrayal of young people with mental illnesses was mixed. Overall, 10 items (29%) of news angles were positive, 13 items (37%) neutral and nine items (26%) negative. Positive themes were significantly less frequent for young people compared to adults (10 items, 29% compared to 151 items, 66%), and negative themes were more frequent (nine items, 26% vs 21 items, 9%). First-person depictions, however, were similar for young people and adults (24 items, 69% vs 150 items, 66%). An anti-medication sub-theme was notable. CONCLUSIONS: Overall the portrayal of young people with mental illnesses on television news is not as positive as that for adults. Similar to adults, however, first-person depictions resulted in a more positive representation of young people. Fewer first-person depictions in combination with an anti-medication theme and historically less access to appropriate services for young people may have contributed to the less positive results for young people with mental illnesses.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Freeman, Becky
%T The cancer emperor's new clothes: Australia's historic legislation for plain tobacco packaging.
%B BMJ
%D 2010
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Group
%V 340
%N 
%P c2436
%@ 1468-5833
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%A MacKenzie, Ross
%T The global research neglect of unassisted smoking cessation: causes and consequences.
%B PLoS medicine
%D 2010
%C United States
%I Public Library of Science
%V 7
%N 2
%P e1000216
%@ 1549-1676
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Gartner, Coral E
%A Chapman, Simon F
%A Hall, Wayne D
%A Wakefield, Melanie A
%T Why we need tobacco sales data for good tobacco control.
%B Medical Journal of Australia
%D 2010
%C Australia
%I Australasian Medical Publishing Company Pty. Ltd.
%V 192
%N 1
%P 3-4
%@ 0025-729X
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111716


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Mackenzie, Ross
%A Chapman, Simon
%A McGeechan, Kevin
%A Holding, Simon
%T 'A disease many people still feel uncomfortable talking about': Australian television coverage of colorectal cancer.
%B Psycho-oncology
%D 2009
%C United Kingdom
%I John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
%V 19
%N 0
%P 283-8
%@ 1057-9249
%X To examine the coverage of colorectal cancer on Australian television news over a 3 year period commencing May 2005, and compare it with that given to other cancers.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Sweet, Melissa A
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Moynihan, Ray N
%A Green, Jonathan H
%T CHAMP: a novel collaboration between public health and the media.
%B The Medical Journal of Australia
%D 2009
%C Australia
%I Australasian Medical Publishing Company Pty. Ltd.
%V 190
%N 4
%P 206-207
%@ 0025-729X
%X Crikey is a daily electronic bulletin aimed at providing independent news. It was established in 2000. In 2007, journalists and public health advocates collaborated with Crikey to initiate an innovative health reporting project, the Crikey Health and Medical Panel (CHAMP). CHAMP members contribute articles and news tips to Crikey, broadening Crikey''s scope of public health coverage. CHAMP continues to evolve, and has expanded to include a freely accessible online health forum, Croakey. CHAMP was established to enhance public debate about health, to encourage public health advocates to engage in debate, and to help the media to identify public health advocates and issues as sources for articles.
%Z FOR Codes: 111799


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A McLeod, K
%A Wakefield, M
%A Chapman, S
%A Smith, K Clegg
%A Durkin, S
%T Changes in the news representation of smokers and tobacco-related media advocacy from 1995 to 2005 in Australia.
%B Journal of epidemiology and community health
%D 2009
%C United States
%I Lancet Ltd
%V 63
%N 3
%P 215-220
%@ 0141-7681
%X BACKGROUND: This study aims to show how smokers were represented in smoking-related news articles, editorials, letters and columns in a major Australian newspaper over an 11-year period from January 1995 to December 2005. METHODS: Qualitative content analysis was conducted on a sample of 618 articles to identify 21 representational categories (RCs) of the smoker. Articles were also examined for statements that lent organisational support to either tobacco control or the promotion of tobacco. RESULTS: The construction of the smoker as a "regulated citizen" due to being subjected to tobacco policy was the most prevalent RC, occurring in 43.4% of articles. Of the 13 most prevalent RCs, eight were constructions of the smoker that lent support to tobacco control outcomes, two were supportive of the promotion of tobacco, and three could be used by both parties. 30.6% of articles contained at least one statement from a tobacco control advocacy source, compared with only 13.6% of articles having a statement towards the promotion of tobacco. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that constructions of the smoker that support tobacco control have dominated smoking-related discourse in this Australian newspaper and that representations favouring a tobacco industry viewpoint appeared less often. However, the pro-tobacco representations of smokers in reports relating to legal issues highlight an area of media discourse in which tobacco control advocates should remain vigilant.
%Z FOR Codes: 111799


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Ragg, Mark
%A McGeechan, Kevin
%T Citation bias in reported smoking prevalence in people with schizophrenia.
%B Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
%D 2009
%C United Kingdom, Aust
%I Informa Healthcare
%V 43
%N 3
%P 277-282
%@ 1440-1614
%X OBJECTIVE: A meta-analysis of 42 studies on tobacco smoking among schizophrenia subjects found an average smoking prevalence of 62% (range=14-88%). Statements are common, however, in the research literature and the media that between 80% and 90% of people with schizophrenia smoke. The purpose of the present paper was therefore to determine if citation bias exists in the over-citation and reportage of studies finding high rates of smoking prevalence in schizophrenia subjects. METHODS: Two hypotheses were tested: (i) that studies on the prevalence of smoking in people with schizophrenia reporting high smoking rates would be cited more often than studies reporting lower rates; and (ii) that statements about smoking rates among schizophrenic people on the Internet would report very high rates more often than more realistic, less dramatic rates. RESULTS: A 10% increase in reported prevalence of smoking was associated with a 61% (95% confidence interval (CI)=30-98%) increase in citation rate. Journal impact factor (IF) was significantly associated with citation rate (p=0.001) but the country in which a study was carried out did not have an effect (p=0.90). After adjusting for IF, a 10% increase in prevalence of smoking was associated with a 28% increase (95%CI=1-62%) in citation rate. This bias is mirrored on the Internet, where statements abound about uncommonly highly rates of smoking by people with schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS: Studies reporting very high prevalence of smoking among people with schizophrenia are cited more often than those studies reporting a low prevalence, a result consistent with citation bias. This citation bias probably contributes to the misinformation available on the Internet, and may have adverse policy and clinical implications.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117 1701


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Smith, David P
%A Clements, Mark S
%A Wakefield, Melanie A
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Impact of Australian celebrity diagnoses on prostate cancer screening.
%B The Medical Journal of Australia
%D 2009
%C Australia
%I Australasian Medical Publishing Company Pty. Ltd.
%V 191
%N 10
%P 574-575
%@ 0025-729X
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Japanese street smoking bans: a Japan Tobacco foil to prevent clean indoor air policy?
%B Tobacco Control
%D 2009
%C United Kingdom, Australia
%I BMJ Group
%V 18
%N 5
%P 419
%@ 0964-4563
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Mental health and smoking redux.
%B Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
%D 2009
%C United Kingdom, Aust
%I Informa Healthcare
%V 43
%N 6
%P 579-580
%@ 1440-1614
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111714


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Henson, Connie
%A Chapman, Simon
%A McLeod, Lachlan
%A Johnson, Natalie
%A McGeechan, Kevin
%A Hickie, Ian
%T More us than them: positive depictions of mental illness on Australian television news.
%B Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
%D 2009
%C United Kingdom, Aust
%I Informa Healthcare
%V 43
%N 6
%P 554-560
%@ 1440-1614
%X OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to review television news coverage of mental illness including self-depictions from people with mental illness, and views expressed by mental health experts and politicians in all 538 news and current affairs items related to mental illness broadcast on free-to-air Sydney television, May 2005-October 2007. METHODS: Content and frame analysis was done of news actors (those with mental illnesses, experts and politicians) of whether depictions were positive ''one of us'', or negative ''one of them''. RESULTS: Only 6% of all items with a main focus on a specific health condition, focused on mental health. Individuals with mental illness were present in 264 (49%) of 538 items, with most (174, 66%) of these self-depictions categorized as either neutral or positive. Experts and politicians overwhelmingly represented and described people with mental illnesses in neutral or positive ways (95% and 84%, respectively). Overall news angle included 299 items (55%), which were categorized as positive ''recovery focused'' items. Another 156 items (29%) were neutral, and 62 items (12%) were classified as negative. Twenty-one (4%) had unclear or mixed themes. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings differ from previous descriptions of media depiction of mental illness, which have been largely negative. The present study provides support for the importance of involving those with histories of mental illness in news coverage.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117 1701


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Freeman, B
%A Chapman, S
%T Open source marketing: Camel cigarette brand marketing in the "Web 2.0" world.
%B Tobacco Control
%D 2009
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Group
%V 18
%N 3
%P 212-217
%@ 1468-3318
%X BACKGROUND: The international trend towards comprehensive bans on tobacco advertising has seen the tobacco industry become increasingly innovative in its approach to marketing. Further fuelling this innovation is the rapid evolution and accessibility of web-based technology. The internet, as a relatively unregulated marketing environment, provides many opportunities for tobacco companies to pursue their promotional ambitions. METHODS: In this paper, "open source marketing" is considered as a vehicle that has been appropriated by the tobacco industry, through a case study of efforts to design the packaging for the Camel Signature Blends range of cigarettes. Four sources are used to explore this case study including a marketing literature search, a web-based content search via the Google search engine, interviews with advertising trade informants and an analysis of the Camel brand website. RESULTS: RJ Reynolds (RJR) has proven to be particularly innovative in designing cigarette packaging. RJR engaged with thousands of consumers through their Camel brand website to design four new cigarette flavours and packages. While the Camel Signature Blends packaging designs were subsequently modified for the retail market due to problems arising with their cartoon-like imagery, important lessons arise on how the internet blurs the line between marketing and market research. CONCLUSIONS: Open source marketing has the potential to exploit advertising ban loopholes and stretch legal definitions in order to generate positive word of mouth about tobacco products. There are also lessons in the open source marketing movement for more effective tobacco control measures including interactive social marketing campaigns and requiring plain packaging of tobacco products.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Freeman, Becky
%T Regulating the tobacco retail environment: Beyond reducing sales to minors.
%B Tobacco control
%D 2009
%C United Kingdom, Australia
%I BMJ Group
%V 18
%N 6
%P 496-501
%@ 0964-4563
%X The World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) has little to say about the regulation of tobacco retailing, with most research and policy debate having been restricted to confining sales to adults and removing advertising displays, including packs. Tobacco retailing is largely unregulated, reflecting the historical regulatory trivialisation of tobacco products, now demonstrably anachronistic with the advent of near global support for the FCTC. This situation contrasts markedly with the regulation of pharmaceuticals, and many other goods and services subject to a wide variety of restrictions. This review proposes that the international tobacco control community should open up debate on retail regulation to examine the suitability of principles long accepted in pharmaceutical regulation. These include: restrictions on the number and location of tobacco retail outlets, the banning of tobacco retail displays, floor (minimum) price controls, restricting the amount of tobacco smokers could purchase over a given time and loss of retail licensure following breaches of any of the conditions of license. It proposes that retail licenses should be heavily restricted and tradable, becoming valuable commercial assets, where the threat of loss or revocation would act as an incentive for strict adherence to the measures proposed.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Mackenzie, Ross
%A Johnson, Nathalie
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Holding, Simon
%T Smoking-related disease on Australian television news: inaccurate portrayals may contribute to public misconceptions.
%B Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health
%D 2009
%C Australia
%I Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia
%V 33
%N 2
%P 144-146
%@ 1326-0200
%X OBJECTIVES: To describe the range and frequency of reportage of tobacco-related disease on Australian television news. METHODS: Content analysis of all news items mentioning smoking-related disease broadcast on five free-to-air Sydney television channels 2 May 2005 to 31 December 2007. RESULTS: Three in four tobacco-related disease news reports focus on lung cancer. Other cancers and smoking attributable diseases attract modest coverage. CONCLUSION: Television news coverage may contribute to public misconceptions regarding the associated health risks of smoking, limiting understanding about the many risks involved. Tobacco control advocates should seek to increase the newsworthiness of diseases in addition to lung cancer. IMPLICATIONS: While the Australian public is generally aware of the connection between lung cancer and tobacco, considerable misconception exists as to the broad range of tobacco-related mortality and disease. Given television''s role as a key source of public information on health issues in Australia, such coverage can limit understanding about the many attributable risks involved. Tobacco control advocates need to find ways to improve the newsworthiness of tobacco related illness.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Holding, Simon J
%A Ellerm, Jessica
%A Heenan, Rachel C
%A Fogarty, Andrea S
%A Imison, Michelle
%A Mackenzie, Ross
%A McGeechan, Kevin
%T The content and structure of Australian television reportage on health and medicine, 2005-2009: parameters to guide health workers.
%B The Medical Journal of Australia
%D 2009
%C Australia
%I Australasian Medical Publishing Company Pty. Ltd.
%V 191
%N 11-12
%P 620-624
%@ 0025-729X
%X OBJECTIVE: To describe the content and structure of health and medical news and current affairs reportage on free-to-air television in Sydney, New South Wales. DESIGN AND SETTING: Review of content of all health-related evening news and current affairs items recorded over 47 months (May 2005 - March 2009). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Number and length of health-related items on news and current affairs programs, and topics covered in these (21 broad content areas and the leading 50/237 specific content areas); use of news actors, soundbite duration and apparent news triggers. RESULTS: 11 393 news items and 2309 current affairs items were analysed. Health news items lasted a median of 97 seconds. In a randomly selected sample of 251 items, items featured a mean of 2.2 news actors (3.9 in longer current affairs items). Median soundbite duration was 7.2 seconds for news items and 8.9 seconds for current affairs items. People affected by disease or injury were the most commonly featured news actors (84% of items), followed by experts and health professionals (56%). Many items (42%) appeared to be trigged by incidents, but a further 42% could have been triggered by press releases and other forms of publicity. CONCLUSIONS: Health workers wishing to participate in news coverage should be aware that complex issues are reduced to fit the time constraints and presentational formulae of the news media. Advocates should plan their communication strategies to accommodate these constraints.
%Z FOR Codes: 111799


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T The inverse impact law of smoking cessation.
%B Lancet
%D 2009
%C United Kingdom
%I The Lancet Publishing Group
%V 373
%N 9665
%P 701-703
%@ 1474-547X
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Book Section
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Freeman, Becky
%T Why has smoking in Australian youth never been lower?
%B Challenges in Adolescent Health: An Australian Perspective
%D 2009
%C United States
%I Nova Science Publishers
%V 
%N 
%P 153-161
%@ 9781607416166
%E Bennett, David
%E Towns, Susan
%E Elliott, Elizabeth
%E Nerrick, Joav
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111706 111403


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T With youth smoking at historical lows, how influential is movie smoking on uptake?
%B Addiction (Abingdon, England)
%D 2009
%C United Kingdom
%I Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
%V 104
%N 5
%P 824-5; discussion 825-7
%@ 0965-2140
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111799


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Tong, Allison
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Sainsbury, Peter
%A Craig, Jonathan C
%T An Analysis of Media Coverage on the Prevention and Early Detection of CKD in Australia.
%B American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation
%D 2008
%C United States
%I WB Saunders Co.
%V 52
%N 1
%P 159-70
%@ 0272-6386
%X News media raise public awareness about health and can influence public policy agenda. Recently, nephrologists have sought to make prevention and early detection of chronic kidney disease (CKD) a health care priority. We assessed the extent and manner in which Australian television news and newspapers cover CKD prevention or early detection. Electronic news databases for print media and television programs were searched (May 2005 to March 2007) for items referring to CKD prevention or early detection. We analyzed all relevant items for spokespeople, main news frame, focus of responsibility, proposed solutions, and trigger/reason for publication. Of 2,439 newspaper articles and 10,430 television broadcasts retrieved, only 214 articles (8.77%) and 7 broadcasts (0.06%) were eligible. Kidney transplantation dominated CKD-related news. Lay person or high-profile advocates were virtually absent. Risks of cardiovascular disease and mortality conferred by CKD were not emphasized by news reports; instead, CKD received peripheral mention as a secondary consequence of diabetes or obesity. Few reports cited the economic consequences of CKD. The media focused on lifestyle causes and solutions, whereas nonlifestyle causes and screening and prevention strategies were rarely mentioned. Kidney health professionals need to actively engage with the media in efforts to amplify desired messages on CKD prevention or early detection. Medical journals, research institutions, universities, hospitals, and advocacy groups should issue press releases that highlight newsworthy aspects of this topic. Extending news media coverage can help exert an influence on health policies and agenda setting and increase public awareness to improve prevention and early detection of CKD.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Freeman, Becky
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Storey, Philip
%T Banning smoking in cars carrying children: an analytical history of a public health advocacy campaign.
%B Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health
%D 2008
%C Australia
%I Public Health Association of Australia
%V 32
%N 1
%P 60-65
%@ 1326-0200
%X OBJECTIVE: Framing public health policy reform in ways that attract public and political support is a core skill of advocacy. In this paper we summarise the 12-year Australian history of advocacy for banning smoking in cars carrying children, culminating in the governments of the Australian States of South Australia and Tasmania enacting legislation. METHOD: ''Smoking in cars'' was searched on the factiva.com print news media database, with returns limited to Australian newspapers published before 1 June 2007. RESULTS: The issue of smoking in cars received extensive and emotive media coverage, primarily in support of legislating a ban. Invoking the protection of vulnerable children in the debate about smoking in cars was a powerful and persuasive theme. Unlike all other advocacy for smoke-free areas, this debate was not contested by the tobacco industry or other commercial interest groups. CONCLUSIONS: Even in the absence of a co-ordinated advocacy campaign, public opinion studies on support for such legislation have been consistently strong. Communities view the protection of children as paramount and non-negotiable. IMPLICATIONS: Smoke-free cars legislation can and should be fast tracked in order to capitalise on this community support.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Hayen, Andrew
%T Declines in Australian suicide: A reanalysis of Mcphedran and Baker (2008).
%B Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
%D 2008
%C Ireland
%I Elsevier Ireland Ltd
%V 88
%N 1
%P 152-4
%@ 0168-8510
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, S
%T Global perspective on tobacco control. Part II. The future of tobacco control: making smoking history?
%B The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease
%D 2008
%C France
%I International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung
%V 12
%N 1
%P 8-12
%@ 1027-3719
%X Serious efforts to reduce the harm caused by tobacco use throughout populations require implementation policies and interventions capable of reaching all smokers and potential smokers. While the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control promises to accelerate the adoption of comprehensive tobacco control policies throughout the world, its extensive ''optional'' language provides considerable latitude for governments unwilling to implement rigorous controls. This paper examines four broad areas in which important debates and policy advances will be necessary to ensure population-wide impact of tobacco control: harm reduction; demand reduction strategies involving particularly the use of news generation in increasing the coverage of tobacco and health issues; denormalisation of tobacco use, especially among health workers in nations where use remains high; and further efforts to regulate the tobacco industry, particularly in regard to plain packaging, under-the-counter retail sales and the regulation of tobacco products.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Going too far? Exploring the limits of smoking regulations
%B William Mitchell Law Review
%D 2008
%C United States
%I William Mitchell College of Law
%V 34
%N 4
%P 1605-1620
%@ 0270-272X
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111712


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Freeman, B
%A Chapman, S
%T Gone viral? Heard the buzz? A guide for public health practitioners and researchers on how Web 2.0 can subvert advertising restrictions and spread health information.
%B Journal of epidemiology and community health
%D 2008
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Publishing Group
%V 62
%N 9
%P 778-782
%@ 0143-005X
%X Many nations have banned or curtailed advertising of potentially harmful products to protect public health, particularly in the area of chronic disease control. The growth in Internet-based marketing techniques is subverting these advertising regulations. Explosive rises in use of social networking and user-generated content websites is further fuelling product promotion through electronic media. In contrast, there is a very limited body of public health research on these "new media" advertising methods. This paper provides an overview of these advertising methods and details examples relevant to chronic disease control. There is a vast untapped potential for health practitioners and researchers to exploit these same media for health promotion.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117 1117


%0 Book Section
%A Clegg Smith, Katherine
%A Chapman, Simon
%T How the news media influence tobacco use
%B The Role of the Media in Promoting and Controlling Tobacco Use
%D 2008
%C United States
%I National Institutes of Health
%V 
%N 
%P 329-356
%@ 07-6242
%E Davis, Ronald M. Davis
%E Gilpin, Elizabeth A.
%E Loken, Barbara
%E Viswanath, K.
%E Wakefield, Melanie A.
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Wakefield, Melanie A
%A Durkin, Sarah
%A Spittal, Matthew J
%A Siahpush, Mohammad
%A Scollo, Michelle
%A Simpson, Julie A
%A Chapman, Simon
%A White, Victoria
%A Hill, David
%T Impact of tobacco control policies and mass media campaigns on monthly adult smoking prevalence.
%B American Journal of Public Health
%D 2008
%C United States
%I American Public Health Association
%V 98
%N 8
%P 1443-1450
%@ 1541-0048
%X OBJECTIVES: We sought to assess the impact of several tobacco control policies and televised antismoking advertising on adult smoking prevalence. METHODS: We used a population survey in which smoking prevalence was measured each month from 1995 through 2006. Time-series analysis assessed the effect on smoking prevalence of televised antismoking advertising (with gross audience rating points [GRPs] per month), cigarette costliness, monthly sales of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and bupropion, and smoke-free restaurant laws. RESULTS: Increases in cigarette costliness and exposure to tobacco control media campaigns significantly reduced smoking prevalence. We found a 0.3-percentage-point reduction in smoking prevalence by either exposing the population to televised antismoking ads an average of almost 4 times per month (390 GRPs) or by increasing the costliness of a pack of cigarettes by 0.03% of gross average weekly earnings. Monthly sales of NRT and bupropion, exposure to NRT advertising, and smoke-free restaurant laws had no detectable impact on smoking prevalence. CONCLUSIONS: Increases in the real price of cigarettes and tobacco control mass media campaigns broadcast at sufficient exposure levels and at regular intervals are critical for reducing population smoking prevalence.
%Z FOR Codes: 111799


%0 Book Section
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Introduction
%B Tobacco in Australia: Facts & Issues
A comprehensive online resource
%D 2008
%C Australia
%I Cancer Council Victoria
%V 
%N 
%P xi-xx
%@ 978-0-947283-76-6
%E Scollo, MM
%E Winstanley, MH
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, S
%A Freeman, B
%T Markers of the denormalisation of smoking and the tobacco industry.
%B Tobacco control
%D 2008
%C UK
%I British Medical Journal Publishing Group
%V 17
%N 2
%P 25-31
%@ 1468-3318
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Mackenzie, Ross
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Salkeld, Glenn
%A Holding, Simon
%T Media influence on Herceptin subsidization in Australia: application of the rule of rescue?
%B Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
%D 2008
%C United Kingdom
%I Royal Society of Medicine Press Ltd.
%V 101
%N 6
%P 305-312
%@ 0141-0768
%X Background In August 2006, the Australian government announced that Herceptin (Trastuzumab) would be added to the national Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) of government-subsidized drugs, for treatment with adjuvant chemotherapy of HER2 breast cancer. Following initial reticence, the health minister responded to a campaign by patients and patient advocacy groups by announcing PBS subsidization which lowered the cost of a weekly dose from A$1000 to A$30. The cost to the government would be A$470 million over three years for treatment of an estimated 2100 women annually. Design We analysed the news frames used in all direct and attributed statements (n=239) in television news coverage of the discourse preceding the Herceptin decision by the Australian government. Setting Five Sydney free-to-air channels between October 2005 and August 2006. Main outcome measures News frames or themes. Results Of five news frames identified, one (''desperate, sick women in double jeopardy because of callous government/incompetent bureaucracy'') accounted for 54% of all reported statements. Government financial parsimony was framed as responsible for the women''s plight, with drug industry pricing never mentioned. Claimed benefits of Herceptin often conflated cancer non-recurrence and survival and favoured quantification rhetoric which emphasized percentage increases in improvement rather than the more modest increases in absolute survival. Conclusions News frames invoking key tenets of the ''rule of rescue'' dominated television discourse on Herceptin. Clinicians, patients, their families and patient advocacy groups invoking the rule of rescue can increase the likelihood of achieving their objective of gaining access to expensive healthcare such as pharmaceuticals. Rational, criteria-based public health policy will find it hard to resist the rule of rescue imperative.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Mackenzie, Ross
%A Imison, Michelle
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Holding, Simon
%T Mixed messages and a missed opportunity: Australian news media coverage of Clare Oliver's campaign against solaria.
%B The Medical Journal of Australia
%D 2008
%C Australia
%I Australasian Medical Publishing Company Pty. Ltd.
%V 189
%N 7
%P 371-374
%@ 1326-5377
%X OBJECTIVE: To review television and print media coverage of the campaign to regulate solaria that was initiated by Clare Oliver before her death from melanoma in late 2007, and to investigate how the media constructed the aetiology of her disease. DESIGN AND SETTING: Frame analysis of all direct and attributed statements about the causes of, and responsibility for, Oliver''s melanoma, and about the legacy of her campaign, in reportage on five free-to-air Sydney television stations and in Australian capital city newspapers, 21 August 2007 to 20 February 2008. RESULTS: 26 television and 83 print media reports were identified, containing 279 statements on Oliver: 146 (52%) dealt with the responsibility of >solaria or their need for regulation, 23 (8%) were on issues of self-responsibility, and 110 (40%) were on her legacy. Oliver stated she had visited solaria 10 times, but had spent years acquiring a tan outdoors. However, less than one in 10 statements about the aetiology of her melanoma referred to her outdoor tanning history, with most explaining the cause as solarium ultraviolet radiation. Oliver''s campaign was credited with precipitating rapid regulation of solaria in Australia. However, the new regulations will not prevent a person of her age or skin type visiting solaria and fall well short of the ban she hoped for. CONCLUSION: Unlike sun exposure, solaria are an entirely tractable factor contributing to melanoma. Failure to ban solaria has been a disappointment in a high-profile window of opportunity to change public health law.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Repealing Australia's ban on smokeless tobacco? Hasten slowly.
%B The Medical journal of Australia
%D 2008
%C Australia
%I Australasian Medical Publishing Company Pty. Ltd.
%V 188
%N 1
%P 47-49
%@ 1326-5377
%X We need to be sure any introduction of smokeless tobacco will actually reduce overall harm.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Should smoking in outside public spaces be banned? No.
%B BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
%D 2008
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Publishing Group
%V 337
%N 
%P a2804
%@ 1468-5833
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Book
%A Daube, Mike
%A Briggs, Viki
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Connors, Christine
%A Larkin, Shaun
%A Purcell, Kate
%A Roberts, Lyn
%A Sullivan, Denise
%A Wakefield, Melanie
%A Scollo, Michelle
%T Technical Report No.2 Tobacco Control in Australia: Making Smoking History
%B 
%D 2008
%C Australia
%I Commonwealth of Australia
%V 
%N 
%P 
%@ 1-74186-731
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Freeman, Becky
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Rimmer, Matthew
%T The case for the plain packaging of tobacco products.
%B Addiction (Abingdon, England)
%D 2008
%C United Kingdom
%I Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
%V 103
%N 4
%P 580-590
%@ 0965-2140
%X AIMS: The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) requires nations that have ratified the convention to ban all tobacco advertising and promotion. In the face of these restrictions, tobacco packaging has become the key promotional vehicle for the tobacco industry to interest smokers and potential smokers in tobacco products. This paper reviews available research into the probable impact of mandatory plain packaging and internal tobacco industry statements about the importance of packs as promotional vehicles. It critiques legal objections raised by the industry about plain packaging violating laws and international trade agreements. METHODS: Searches for available evidence were conducted within the internal tobacco industry documents through the online document archives; tobacco industry trade publications; research literature through the Medline and Business Source Premier databases; and grey literature including government documents, research reports and non-governmental organization papers via the Google internet search engine. RESULTS: Plain packaging of all tobacco products would remove a key remaining means for the industry to promote its products to billions of the world''s smokers and future smokers. Governments have required large surface areas of tobacco packs to be used exclusively for health warnings without legal impediment or need to compensate tobacco companies. CONCLUSIONS: Requiring plain packaging is consistent with the intention to ban all tobacco promotions. There is no impediment in the FCTC to interpreting tobacco advertising and promotion to include tobacco packs.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Assunta, Mary
%A Chapman, Simon
%T The lightest market in the world: Light and mild cigarettes in Japan.
%B Nicotine & tobacco research
%D 2008
%C United Kingdom
%I Oxford University Press
%V 10
%N 5
%P 803-810
%@ 1462-2203
%X This article reviews the history of the introduction and use of light and mild labeled cigarettes in Japan, the "lightest" market in the world. Systematic keyword and opportunistic Web site searches were conducted on tobacco industry internal documents relevant to Japan, supplemented with relevant material from the tobacco trade and sociological literatures. Certain "market quirks" of the Japanese society benefited the tobacco industry in promoting its light and mild cigarettes. Japan''s is a trend-conscious society with a penchant for new fashion and products. The Japanese are innovative, with the propensity to transform concepts into something characteristically their own marked by a distinct cultural style, such as the concept of keihaku tansho ("light-thin-short-small"). With big-budget sophisticated advertising, tobacco companies developed a lucrative market for mild, light, and ultra-low-tar cigarettes. Smokers had a preference for charcoal filters, which they believed protected them. Tar numbers meant little to smokers. The transnational tobacco companies capitalized on consumer concerns about the health hazards of smoking to promote low-tar cigarettes as a safer alternative. This may be one factor that explains why smoking prevalence in Japan remains high. Light and mild cigarettes are popular in Japan because Japanese smokers believe low tar/nicotine cigarette with charcoal filters protect them and help mollify their health concerns about smoking.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Mackenzie, Ross
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Johnson, Natalie
%A McGeechan, Kevin
%A Holding, Simon
%T The newsworthiness of cancer in Australian television news.
%B The Medical journal of Australia
%D 2008
%C Australia
%I Australasian Medical Publishing Company Pty. Ltd.
%V 189
%N 3
%P 155-158
%@ 1326-5377
%X OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that television news coverage of different cancers reflects their incidence and burden, and to examine the journalistic approaches used in reporting cancer. DESIGN AND SETTING: Content analysis of all news, current affairs and infotainment reports on cancer broadcast on five free-to-air television channels in Sydney, New South Wales, 2 May 2005 - 6 January 2008. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Number of items on specific cancers, relationship with burden of that cancer (disability-adjusted life-years [DALYs]), and category of "story lead" used for the item. RESULTS: Cancer was the fifth most reported health issue, with 1319 items; 25 different cancers received news coverage. The most reported cancers were breast cancer (42.5% of all items on specific cancers), melanoma (11.9%) and cervical cancer (11.6%). Some cancers were significantly over-reported in relation to their DALYs (eg, cervical cancer was over-reported by a factor of 10.2 compared with the number of reports predicted on the basis of DALYs) while others were under-reported, including colorectal, lung and pancreatic cancers. The most common story leads used in cancer reports were treatment (32% of items) and celebrities with cancer (21%), particularly breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS: The current predominance of reports on breast and cervical cancer and on young women with cancer may be distorting public and political perceptions of the burden of cancer. The success of advocates in raising the news profile of breast cancer may hold lessons for agencies wishing to improve the newsworthiness of other cancers.
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Book Section
%A Freeman, Becky
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Tobacco advertising and promotion
%B Tobacco in Australia: Facts & Issues
A comprehensive online resource
%D 2008
%C Australia
%I Cancer Council Victoria
%V 
%N 
%P 1-48
%@ 978-0-947283-76-6
%E Scollo, MM
%E Winstanley, MH
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T What should be done about smoking in movies?
%B Tobacco control
%D 2008
%C United Kingdom
%I British Medical Journal Publishing Group
%V 17
%N 6
%P 363-367
%@ 1468-3318
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 1117


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Mackenzie, Ross
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Barratt, Alexandra
%A Holding, Simon
%T "The news is [not] all good": misrepresentations and inaccuracies in Australian news media reports on prostate cancer screening.
%B The Medical journal of Australia
%D 2007
%C Australia
%I Australasian Medical Publishing Company Pty. Ltd.
%V 187
%N 9
%P 507-510
%@ 1326-5377
%X OBJECTIVE: To list and critically review recent inaccurate statements made by advocates of prostate cancer screening in Australian news media. DESIGN: Accuracy audit of all news on prostate cancer broadcast on Sydney footprint free-to-air television stations between 2 May 2005 and 18 December 2006 (42 items), and published in print media from 6 February 2003 to 31 December 2006 in Australian capital cities (388 items). These contained 436 direct or attributed statements. RESULTS: Of the 436 statements analysed, 44 (10%) were factually inaccurate or made claims not supported by the scientific literature or most cancer control agencies. Misleading statements about prostate screening and its sequelae were found in five categories: mortality from prostate cancer; expert agency support for screening; the efficacy of screening in preventing death from prostate cancer and the importance of early detection; the accuracy of the prostate-specific antigen test; and prevalence and severity of adverse effects from treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Despite near universal lack of support for prostate cancer screening of asymptomatic men by leading international and Australian cancer control agencies, Australians are exposed to an unbalanced stream of encouragement to seek testing. This coverage includes inaccurate information which ignores scientific evidence and the general lack of expert agency support.
%Z FOR Codes:


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A MacKenzie, Ross
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Holding, Simon
%A McGeechan, Kevin
%T 'A matter of faith, not science': analysis of media coverage of prostate cancer screening in Australian news media 2003-2006.
%B Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
%D 2007
%C USA
%I Royal Society of Medicine Press Ltd.
%V 100
%N 11
%P 513-21
%@ 0141-0768
%X OBJECTIVE: Despite a near universal absence of evidence-based policies supporting population screening for prostate cancer, the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is aggressively promoted in the media as a life-saving form of screening. The objective of this study was to examine media coverage of prostate-cancer screening in Australia. DESIGN: Frame analysis of all direct or attributed quotes about prostate cancer. SETTING: Australian capital city newspapers (February 2003-December 2006) and Sydney television news (January 2003-December 2006). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Quotes regarding prostate cancer screening: n=436 in newspapers and television news. RESULTS: Seven rhetorical frames were identified. 86% of all quotes framed prostate screening and its outcomes as desirable, associating PSA testing as being consonant with other early-detection cancer-control messages. Adverse surgical sequelae to screening were often minimized, scientific progress highlighted and gender equity appeals appropriated. Those questioning screening were vilified, with epidemiology being framed as an inferior form of knowledge than clinical experience. CONCLUSIONS: Australian men are exposed to unbalanced and often non-evidence-based appeals to seek PSA testing. There is a disturbing lack of effort to redress this imbalance.
%Z FOR Codes:


%0 Journal Article
%A Hooker, Claire
%A Chapman, Simon
%T 'Our Youth Must be Protected From Drug Abuse': Talking Tobacco Control in the New South Wales Parliament from the 1960s to the Twenty-first Century
%B Health and History
%D 2007
%C Australia
%I Australian and New Zealand Society for the History
%V 9
%N 2
%P 106-128
%@ 1442-1771
%X 
%Z FOR Codes:


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Li, Mu
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Agho, Kingsley
%A Eastman, Creswell J
%T Can even minimal news coverage influence consumer health-related behaviour? A case study of iodized salt sales, Australia.
%B Health education research
%D 2007
%C United States
%I Oxford University Press
%V 23
%N 0
%P 543-8
%@ 0268-1153
%X Lack of iodine in the diet can cause a spectrum of conditions, known as iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). While iodized salt has been retailed in Australia since the 1960s, sales have remained low, at approximately 10% of total edible salt sales. Salt has never been promoted, advertised or discounted by retailers or manufacturers. Extensive news coverage of health issues has often been shown to influence consumer behaviour. But can even modest news coverage generate changes in consumer health-related behaviour? We report a significant increase (5.2%) in national iodized salt sales after a brief period of television and newspaper reports about IDD and the benefits of using iodized salt during and after the Australian National Iodine Nutrition Study in 2003 and 2004. We conclude that even brief news media exposure can influence health-related decisions.
%Z FOR Codes:


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Bonfiglioli, Catriona M F
%A Smith, Ben J
%A King, Lesley A
%A Chapman, Simon F
%A Holding, Simon J
%T Choice and voice: obesity debates in television news.
%B The Medical journal of Australia
%D 2007
%C Australia
%I Australasian Medical Publishing Company Pty. Ltd.
%V 187
%N 8
%P 442-5
%@ 1326-5377
%X OBJECTIVE: To examine whether television news and current affairs coverage of overweight and obesity frames obesity in ways that support or oppose efforts to combat obesity. DESIGN AND SETTING: A content and framing analysis of a structured sample of 50 television news and current affairs items about overweight and obesity broadcast by five free-to-air television channels in New South Wales between 2 May and 31 October 2005. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Dominant discourses about causes of overweight and obesity; proposed solutions and location of responsibility for the problem; the age-group focus of television items; the relative prominence of stakeholders; and the aspects of obesity which attract news attention. RESULTS: Most television items (72%) framed obesity as a problem of poor nutrition. Obesity was largely seen as the responsibility of individuals (66% of items). Just over half of news items (52%) focused only on adults while 26% focused only on children. Obesity was framed largely as a problem to be solved by individual nutritional changes, exercise and surgical and medical interventions. CONCLUSIONS: While individual lifestyle is crucial to controlling weight, the research community now recognises the importance of sociocultural and environmental factors as drivers of the obesity epidemic. However, television news portrays obesity largely as an individual problem with individual solutions centred mostly on nutrition. Media emphasis on personal responsibility and diet may detract attention from the sociopolitical and structural changes needed to tackle overweight and obesity at a population level.
%Z FOR Codes: 111101 111702


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Entering our 16th year.
%B Tobacco control
%D 2007
%C UK
%I British Medical Journal Publishing Group
%V 16
%N 1
%P 1-1
%@ 1468-3318
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111702


%0 Journal Article
%~ Isi
%A Chapman, S
%T Evidence, ethics, hubris and the future of second-hand smoke policy
%B TOBACCO CONTROL
%D 2007
%C UK
%I British Medical Journal Publishing Group
%V 16
%N 
%P 73-74
%@ 1468-3318
%X 
%Z FOR Codes:


%0 Journal Article
%~ Isi
%A Chapman, S
%T Falling prevalence of smoking: how low can we go?
%B TOBACCO CONTROL
%D 2007
%C UK
%I British Medical Journal Publishing Group
%V 16
%N 
%P 145-147
%@ 1468-3318
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111706


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Freeman, Becky
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Is "YouTube" telling or selling you something? Tobacco content on the YouTube video-sharing website.
%B Tobacco control
%D 2007
%C UK
%I British Medical Journal Publishing Group
%V 16
%N 3
%P 207-210
%@ 1468-3318
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111702


%0 Journal Article
%~ Isi
%A MacKenzie, R
%A Chapman, S
%T Medicine and the media - Fainting schoolgirls wipe $A1bn off market value of Gardasil firm
%B BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
%D 2007
%C London
%I British Medical Journal Publishing Group
%V 334
%N 
%P 1195-1195
%@ 0007-1447
%X 
%Z FOR Codes:


%0 Journal Article
%A Bonfiglioli, Catriona
%A King, Lesley
%A Smith, Ben
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Holding, Simon
%T Obesity in the media: political hot potato or human interest story?
%B Australian Journalism Review
%D 2007
%C Australia
%I Journalism Education Association
%V 29
%N 1
%P 53-61
%@ 0810-2686
%X 
%Z FOR Codes:


%0 Journal Article
%~ Isi
%A Chapman, S
%A Nguyen, TN
%A White, C
%T Press-released papers are more downloaded and cited
%B TOBACCO CONTROL
%D 2007
%C UK
%I British Medical Journal Publishing Group
%V 16
%N 
%P 71-71
%@ 1468-3318
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111702


%0 Book
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Public Health Advocacy and Tobacco Control: Making Smoking History
%B 
%D 2007
%C Oxford
%I Blackwell
%V 
%N 
%P 
%@ 9781405161633
%X 
%Z FOR Codes:


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T Risks of smoking: all done and dusted.
%B BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
%D 2007
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Publishing Group
%V 334 Suppl 1
%N 
%P s16
%@ 1468-5833
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111702


%0 Journal Article
%A Gartner, Coral
%A Hall, Wayne D
%A Chapman, Simon
%A Freeman, Becky
%T Should the Health Community Promote Smokeless Tobacco (Snus) as a Harm Reduction Measure?
%B Public Library of Science Medicine
%D 2007
%C United States
%I Public Library of Science
%V 4
%N 7
%P 1138-1141
%@ 1549-1277
%X 
%Z FOR Codes:


%0 Journal Article
%~ Isi
%A Chapman, S
%T Should the health community promote smokeless tobacco (Snus): Author''s reply
%B PLOS MEDICINE
%D 2007
%C United States
%I Public Library of Science
%V 4
%N 
%P 1704-1705
%@ 
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: 111702


%0 Journal Article
%~ Isi
%A Chapman, S
%A MacKenzie, R
%T The Australian Health News Research Collaboration
%B MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
%D 2007
%C Australia
%I Australasian Medical Publishing Company Pty. Ltd.
%V 186
%N 
%P 326-326
%@ 0025-729X
%X 
%Z FOR Codes:


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T The blood money tradition continues.
%B The British journal of ophthalmology
%D 2007
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Publishing Group
%V 91
%N 12
%P 1578
%@ 1468-2079
%X 
%Z FOR Codes:


%0 Journal Article
%~ PubMed
%A Chapman, Simon
%T The future of smoke-free legislation.
%B BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
%D 2007
%C United Kingdom
%I BMJ Publishing Group
%V 335
%N 7619
%P 521-2
%@ 1468-5833
%X 
%Z FOR Codes: