Disorder - Coxofemoral luxation

Organ Systems Involved
Musculoskeletal

Alternative Names
Coxofemoral dislocation; Hip luxation; Dislocated hips

Presenting Signs

Coxofemoral luxation is when the cat's hip becomes dislocated. The hip is a ball and socket joint, and when dislocated the ball (the head of the thigh bone or femur) moves out of the socket (the acetabulum or hip joint). It is usually a result of trauma and can happen to any cat, but some cats have hips which are likely to be more easily dislocated. Cats with hip dysplasia, or shallow hip sockets, are more at risk of coxofemoral luxation. Cats with coxofemoral luxation may have pain in their hips and they may find it difficult to walk properly. Affected cats may not bear weight on the leg, have difficulty rising and are reluctant to run, jump or climb. The affected limb is often carried in a folded position with the knee rotated inwards and it may appear shortened. Usually only one leg is affected.

Cats at Risk

Young cats of any breed are most at risk. It can also occur in older cats.

Treatment

Surgical and Medical: early treatment is critical to successful replacement of the joint. Medical treatment involves manipulation of the femur into the hip joint while under anaesthesia, followed by bandaging. Cats may improve over time without surgery but they may always have a limp or they may have limited movement in that joint. Surgical treatment involves opening the joint and restabilising the hip joint and joint capsule.

PubMed References
Coxofemoral luxation

Contributor
Kathryn Ingram