Disorder - Lipidosis

Organ Systems Involved
Gastrointestinal

Alternative disorders described within LIDA

Hypertriglycridaemia; Hyperlipoproteinaemia

Alternative Names
Inherited hyperchylomicronaemia

Presenting Signs

Lipidosis is a disorder that affects the metabolism of fat. It causes fat to accumulate within the body. Feline hyperchylomicronaemia is an inherited form of lipidosis. In this disorder, the proteins that are normally required to transport and metabolise fats are defective. These defective proteins, known as low density lipoproteins or LDLs, are less able to break down and use circulating fats. These fats are required as a source of energy for tissue growth and development in normal cats. Subsequently, affected cats often present with a reduced growth rate and body weight.

Non-metabolised fats may accumulate as firm, nodular deposits in the skin (xanthomas) and other tissues, including the kidneys, liver, tendons, spleen, heart, and muscle. If these deposits impinge upon peripheral nerves, symptoms may also include signs of nerve damage (e.g. paralysis or reduced pain sensation). Fat may also deposit in the retinal vessels of the eye, causing a condition known as lipaemic retinalis.

Cats at Risk

Hyperchylomicronaemia is a recessive disorder. This means that the offspring of two cats carrying the defective gene are at risk. No breed or gender predilections have been identified.

Treatment

Medical: a permanent low fat, high fibre diet should be introduced to reduce circulating fat levels. Dietary correction will result in the prevention and gradual resolution of clinical signs associated with hyperchylomicronaemia.

PubMed References
Lipidosis

Contributor
Emily Surgeon