How science can help combat jet lag

Cabin lighting inspired by the colours of the Australian landscape and grounded in circadian science will be on Qantas’ upcoming Project Sunrise ultra-long-haul flights to help minimise jet lag and improve customer wellbeing.

The design, which includes simulations of sunsets and sunrises, is a result of more than 150 hours of testing in the Airbus Customer Definition Centre in Hamburg, where representatives from the University of Sydney’s Charles Perkins Centre, Qantas, Airbus and Caon Design Studio created and tested hundreds of lighting patterns and sequences in an Airbus A350 cabin mock-up.  

Light plays an important part in controlling our body clocks. By manipulating the timing, strength and wavelengths of light during a flight, it is possible to help passengers adapt to a destination’s time zone while in the air and reduce jetlag.

Last year Qantas and the Charles Perkins Centre released preliminary findings from the world-first research flights on how optimising the timing of light, meals, and exercise in-flight affects jetlag. Now they are going one step further by adjusting the colour of light.

“It’s great to see circadian science being translated into practice,” said Associate Professor Sveta Postnova, an expert in circadian modelling at the Charles Perkins Centre and the School of Physics.

“The new lighting scenarios for the A350 were developed to optimise the circadian effects of light at different times during flights while accounting for the light appearance, ambience, safety, and hardware requirements on board. It was a true collaborative effort.”

The trial produced 12 unique lighting scenes specifically for the Project Sunrise flights. They include:

• “Awake”: A broad-spectrum blue-enriched lighting to help customers adjust to the destination time zone and help them stay alert and awake
•  “Sunset”: An immersive transition from a daytime mode into dark that moves through the colours of a sunset into a night sky with moonlight and slow cloud effects to relax customers and prepare them for sleep.
• “Sunrise”: Dynamic lighting effective for a transition from night to day that replicates an Australian sunrise rolling from the front of the cabin to the rear.

The Charles Perkins Centre advised the wavelengths for light that most strongly affect a person’s body clock, using melanopic illuminance.

Regular illuminance is a phenomenon that tells our body how bright light is for our eyes. Melanopic illuminance is the impact of that light on our circadian rhythm. High melanopic illuminance means a lot of light is available to adjust the brain’s central clock.

The researchers found blue-enriched light with high melanopic illuminance helps shift body clocks, and long-wavelength light (such as red) with low melanopic illuminance helps prevent the clock shifting in an undesired direction.

Various scenarios were implemented and tested, and adjusted for eye comfort and appearance, during lighting workshops held in Hamburg. 

Lighting sequences are tailored for each flight to help passengers adjust to destination time zones before they land. 

Qantas International CEO Cam Wallace said that the scientifically informed lighting design was another critical component of the preparation for Project Sunrise flights, which will connect Australia’s east coast non-stop with London and New York. 

“These world-first flights have been an opportunity for us to work with experts and build on our experience of long-haul flying to rethink the inflight experience with a focus on customer wellbeing and combating the effects of jetlag,” said Mr Wallace. 

“One of the things that was clear from the research is the importance of light cycles and brightness in setting the body clock and that was the basis of this testing. 

“Combined with the design of the cabins, specialised meal planning, and the movement program, this unique lighting sequence will help improve our customers’ comfort in the air and minimise their jetlag when they arrive at their destination.”

The airline revealed the customised lighting schemes at Airbus’ Airspace Customer Showroom in Toulouse, where a life-size mock-up of the Project Sunrise Wellbeing Zone is being temporarily displayed.

Image: Courtesy of Qantas