Outline

Overview

This unit provides the basis for the analysis of electricity grids using symmetrical components theory. Such analysis theory is the basis for the understanding of electrical faults and the design of protection strategies to safeguard the electrical equipment, and maintain safety of the plant at the highest possible level. The following specific topics are covered: The types and causes of power system faults; balanced faults and short circuit levels; an introduction to fault current transients in machines; symmetric components, sequence impedances and networks; the analysis of unsymmetrical faults. Review of the impact of faults on power system behaviour; issues affecting protection scheme characteristics and clearance times; the security and reliability of protection schemes; the need for protection redundancy and its implementation as local or remote backup; zones of protection and the need for zones to overlap; the analysis and application of over-current and distance relay protection schemes with particular reference to the protection of transmission lines.

Unit details and rules

Academic unit	School of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Credit points	6
Prerequisites ?	None
Corequisites ?	None
Prohibitions ?	None
Assumed knowledge ?	(ELEC3203 OR ELEC9203 OR ELEC5732) AND (ELEC3206 OR ELEC9206 OR ELEC5734). The unit assumes basic knowledge of circuits, familiarity with basic mathematics, competence with basic circuit theory and an understanding of three phase systems, transformers, transmission lines and associated modeling and operation of such equipment
Available to study abroad and exchange students	Yes

Teaching staff

Coordinator	Jeremy Qiu, jeremy.qiu@sydney.edu.au
Laboratory supervisor(s)	Rui Chu, rui.chu@sydney.edu.au

Type	Description	Weight	Due	Length
Supervised exam ?	Final Examination Closed book final exam.	50%	Formal exam period	2 hours
Outcomes assessed:
Tutorial quiz	Mid semester test In-class middle-semester quiz.	10%	Week 06 Due date: 28 Mar 2023 at 09:00	50 mins
Outcomes assessed:
Assignment	Assignment Take home assignment	20%	Week 13 Due date: 23 May 2023 at 23:00 Closing date: 23 May 2023	n/a
Outcomes assessed:
Assignment	Lab reports Lab reports submitted via Canvas.	20%	Week 13 Due date: 23 May 2023 at 23:59	n/a
Outcomes assessed:

Assessment summary

Assignment: Assignments throughout the semester.
Lab report: Laboratory work with the power system simulator that offers a breadth of experimental work with the latest digital relays and some of the experiments are as follows: symmetrical faults, unsymmetrical faults, transient overvoltage, grading of overcurrent protection for three-phase faults, directional control of relay tripping, distance and zone protection, grid transformer differential protection, busbar protection, generator protection, auto-reclosing
Final exam: End of semester examination.

Detailed information for each assessment can be found on Canvas.

Assessment criteria

The University awards common result grades, set out in the Coursework Policy 2014 (Schedule 1).

As a general guide, a high distinction indicates work of an exceptional standard, a distinction a very high standard, a credit a good standard, and a pass an acceptable standard.

Result name	Mark range	Description
High distinction	85 - 100
Distinction	75 - 84
Credit	65 - 74
Pass	50 - 64
Fail	0 - 49	When you don’t meet the learning outcomes of the unit to a satisfactory standard.

For more information see guide to grades.

Late submission

In accordance with University policy, these penalties apply when written work is submitted after 11:59pm on the due date:

Deduction of 5% of the maximum mark for each calendar day after the due date.
After ten calendar days late, a mark of zero will be awarded.

Academic integrity

The Current Student website provides information on academic integrity and the resources available to all students. The University expects students and staff to act ethically and honestly and will treat all allegations of academic integrity breaches seriously.

We use similarity detection software to detect potential instances of plagiarism or other forms of academic integrity breach. If such matches indicate evidence of plagiarism or other forms of academic integrity breaches, your teacher is required to report your work for further investigation.

Use of generative artificial intelligence (AI) and automated writing tools

You may only use generative AI and automated writing tools in assessment tasks if you are permitted to by your unit coordinator. If you do use these tools, you must acknowledge this in your work, either in a footnote or an acknowledgement section. The assessment instructions or unit outline will give guidance of the types of tools that are permitted and how the tools should be used.

Your final submitted work must be your own, original work. You must acknowledge any use of generative AI tools that have been used in the assessment, and any material that forms part of your submission must be appropriately referenced. For guidance on how to acknowledge the use of AI, please refer to the AI in Education Canvas site.

The unapproved use of these tools or unacknowledged use will be considered a breach of the Academic Integrity Policy and penalties may apply.

Studiosity is permitted unless otherwise indicated by the unit coordinator. The use of this service must be acknowledged in your submission as detailed on the Learning Hub’s Canvas page.

Outside assessment tasks, generative AI tools may be used to support your learning. The AI in Education Canvas site contains a number of productive ways that students are using AI to improve their learning.

Learning support

Simple extensions

If you encounter a problem submitting your work on time, you may be able to apply for an extension of five calendar days through a simple extension.  The application process will be different depending on the type of assessment and extensions cannot be granted for some assessment types like exams.

Special consideration

If exceptional circumstances mean you can’t complete an assessment, you need consideration for a longer period of time, or if you have essential commitments which impact your performance in an assessment, you may be eligible for special consideration or special arrangements.

Special consideration applications will not be affected by a simple extension application.

Using AI responsibly

Co-created with students, AI in Education includes lots of helpful examples of how students use generative AI tools to support their learning. It explains how generative AI works, the different tools available and how to use them responsibly and productively.

Weekly schedule

WK	Topic	Learning activity
Week 01	Three-phase power systems, historical developments, characteristics influencing generation and transmission, environmental aspects of electrical energy generation, transmission and distribution systems, energy utilization, balanced three-phase and unbalanced three-phase systems, introduction to short circuit analysis and symmetrical component theory.	Lecture (2 hr)
Week 02	1. Short circuit analysis techniques; 2. Synchronous machines; 3. Synchronous generator in parallel operation; 4. The operation of a generator on infinite busbars; 5. Salient pole generators; 6. Per unit system; 7. Overhead line; 8. Underground cables; 9. Positive, negative and zero sequence networks	Lecture and tutorial (6 hr)
Week 03	1. Equivalent circuits and parameters of electricity networks; 2. Synchronous machines; 3. Armature reaction; 4. Steady-state salient pole rotor; 5. Transient analysis; 6. Asymmetry; 7. Machine reactances; 8. Negative sequence reactance; 9. Zero sequence reactance; 10. Direct and quadrature axis values; 11. Effect of saturation on machine reactances; 12. Transformer positive sequence equivalent circuits; 13. Transformer zero sequence equivalent circuits; 14. Auto-transformers;	Lecture and tutorial (6 hr)
Week 04	1. Overhead lines and cables; 2. Calculation of series impedance; 3. Calculation of shunt impedance; 4. Overhead line circuits with or without earth wires; 5. OHL equivalent circuits; 6. Cable circuits; 7. Overhead line; 8. Cable data	Lecture and tutorial (6 hr)
Week 05	1. Current and voltage transformers; 2. Capacitor voltage transformers; 3. Errors, composite errors; 4. Transformer classes; 5. Optical instrument transformers; 6. Electromechanical relays; 7. Static relay; 8. Digital relays; 9. Numerical relays	Lecture and tutorial (6 hr)
Week 06	Principles of time/current grading, standard I.D.M.T. overcurrent relays, combined I.D.M.T. and high set instantaneous overcurrent relays, very inverse overcurrent relays, Extremely Inverse overcurrent relays, Independent (definite) time overcurrent relays, Relay current setting, Relay time grading margin, calculation of phase fault overcurrent relay settings, directional phase fault overcurrent relays, Earth fault protection, Directional earth fault overcurrent protection,Earth fault protection	Lecture and tutorial (6 hr)
Week 07	Unit protection of feeders, balanced voltage system, digital/Numerical current differential protection systems, Phase comparison protection scheme considerations	Lecture and tutorial (6 hr)
Week 08	differential protection Busbar protection requirements, types of protection system, system protection schemes, Differential protection principles, high impedance	Lecture and tutorial (6 hr)
Week 09	Transformer protection, winding faults, magnetising inrush, transformer overheating, transformer overcurrent protection, restricted earth fault protection, differential protection, combined differential and restricted earth fault schemes, earthing transformer protection, auto-transformer protection, tank-earth protection, oil and gas devices, transformer-feeder protection, condition monitoring of transformers	Lecture and tutorial (6 hr)
Week 10	Principles of distance relays, relationship between relay voltage and ZS/ZL ratio, zones of protection, distance relay characteristics, effect of source impedance and earthing methods	Lecture and tutorial (6 hr)
Week 11	direct-connected generators, differential protection of generator–transformer units, overcurrent protection, stator earth fault protection, overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection, low forward power/reverse power protection, unbalanced loading, under/overfrequency/overfluxing protection, rotor faults, loss of excitation protection, overheating, mechanical faults Generator earthing, stator winding faults, stator winding protection, differential protection of	Lecture and tutorial (6 hr)
Week 12	AC motor protection, thermal (Overload) protection, start/stall protection, short circuit protection, earth fault protection, negative phase sequence protection, wound rotor induction motor protection, RTD temperature detection, undervoltage protection, loss-of-load protection, protection for synchronous motors	Lecture and tutorial (6 hr)
Week 13	Review and feedback	Lecture (2 hr)

Attendance and class requirements

Students should participate in the tutorial sessions.

Students should attend the do the laboratory experiements and submit the laboratory reports.

Study commitment

Typically, there is a minimum expectation of 1.5-2 hours of student effort per week per credit point for units of study offered over a full semester. For a 6 credit point unit, this equates to roughly 120-150 hours of student effort in total.

Required readings

All readings for this unit can be accessed through the Library eReserve, available on Canvas.

Duncan Glover et. al., Power System Analysis and Design. Cengage Learning, 978-1-111-42577-7.

Learning outcomes

Learning outcomes are what students know, understand and are able to do on completion of a unit of study. They are aligned with the University's graduate qualities and are assessed as part of the curriculum.

Outcomes
Graduate qualities

At the completion of this unit, you should be able to:

LO1. demonstrate an understanding the functions of switch gear and other devices
LO2. demonstrate a basic understanding electrical safety issues and systems earthing to the extent of the material presented
LO3. write reports and present information to communicate engineering information clearly, concisely and accurately at a level commensurate with the expected technical knowledge level of the stakeholders involved
LO4. incorporate professional standards for economical, environmental, social and safety issues into the design, implementation and operation of power systems by drawing on Australian codes and standards
LO5. design basic protection schemes, drawing on principles and knowledge at hand, as well as other available resources to solve the problem to specifications
LO6. use a power system simulator to design, test and confirm protection requirements for a given system within the limits of the material presented
LO7. demonstrate an understanding of symmetrical components theory and its application
LO8. demonstrate proficiency in determining maximum and minimum short circuit levels in power networks using knowledge of principles and concepts developed throughout the course
LO9. apply knowledge of concepts and principles studied to demonstrate why protection systems are required and their respective functions to the extent of the material presented.

Graduate qualities

The graduate qualities are the qualities and skills that all University of Sydney graduates must demonstrate on successful completion of an award course. As a future Sydney graduate, the set of qualities have been designed to equip you for the contemporary world.

GQ1	Depth of disciplinary expertise Deep disciplinary expertise is the ability to integrate and rigorously apply knowledge, understanding and skills of a recognised discipline defined by scholarly activity, as well as familiarity with evolving practice of the discipline.
GQ2	Critical thinking and problem solving Critical thinking and problem solving are the questioning of ideas, evidence and assumptions in order to propose and evaluate hypotheses or alternative arguments before formulating a conclusion or a solution to an identified problem.
GQ3	Oral and written communication Effective communication, in both oral and written form, is the clear exchange of meaning in a manner that is appropriate to audience and context.
GQ4	Information and digital literacy Information and digital literacy is the ability to locate, interpret, evaluate, manage, adapt, integrate, create and convey information using appropriate resources, tools and strategies.
GQ5	Inventiveness Generating novel ideas and solutions.
GQ6	Cultural competence Cultural Competence is the ability to actively, ethically, respectfully, and successfully engage across and between cultures. In the Australian context, this includes and celebrates Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures, knowledge systems, and a mature understanding of contemporary issues.
GQ7	Interdisciplinary effectiveness Interdisciplinary effectiveness is the integration and synthesis of multiple viewpoints and practices, working effectively across disciplinary boundaries.
GQ8	Integrated professional, ethical, and personal identity An integrated professional, ethical and personal identity is understanding the interaction between one’s personal and professional selves in an ethical context.
GQ9	Influence Engaging others in a process, idea or vision.

Outcome map

Learning outcomes	Graduate qualities
Learning outcomes

Responding to student feedback

This section outlines changes made to this unit following staff and student reviews.

The labs and tutorials are changed to face-to-fact mode.

Disclaimer

The University reserves the right to amend units of study or no longer offer certain units, including where there are low enrolment numbers.

To help you understand common terms that we use at the University, we offer an online glossary.

Current students

Overview

Overview

Unit details and rules

Teaching staff

Assessment

Assessment

Assessment summary

Assessment criteria

Late submission

Academic integrity

Learning support

Learning support

Simple extensions

Special consideration

Using AI responsibly

Weekly schedule

Weekly schedule

Attendance and class requirements

Study commitment

Required readings

Learning outcomes

Learning outcomes

Graduate qualities

Outcome map

Responding to student feedback

Responding to student feedback

Disclaimer

On this page

Useful links

Media

Student links

About us

Connect

Current students

ELEC5204: Power Systems Analysis and Protection

Semester 1, 2023 [Normal day] - Camperdown/Darlington, Sydney

Overview

Overview

Unit details and rules

Teaching staff

Assessment

Assessment

Assessment summary

Assessment criteria

Late submission

Academic integrity

Learning support

Learning support

Simple extensions

Special consideration

Using AI responsibly

Weekly schedule

Weekly schedule

Attendance and class requirements

Study commitment

Required readings

Learning outcomes

Learning outcomes

Graduate qualities

Outcome map

Responding to student feedback

Responding to student feedback

Disclaimer

On this page

Useful links

Media

Student links

About us

Connect