Professor Ben Saul
People_

Professor Ben Saul

BA (Hons) LLB (Hons) (Sydney) DPhil (Oxford) FASSA
Challis Chair of International Law
Elected Fellow, University Senate
Phone
+61 2 9351 0354
Fax
+61 2 9351 0200
Professor Ben Saul

Professor Ben Saul is Challis Chair of International Law at the University of Sydney and the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms while Countering Terrorism. He is an elected Fellow of the Australian Academy of Social Sciences. He was the Gough Whitlam and Malcolm Fraser Visiting Professor of Australian Studies at Harvard University in 2019, and is a former Associate Fellow of Chatham House (the Royal Institute of International Affairs) in London and of the International Centre for Counter-Terrorism in The Hague.

  • He has published 20 books, over 100 refereed articles, and hundreds of other publications; made hundreds of scholarly presentations; and been awarded millions of dollars of research grants (including an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship). His research has been used in international and national courts and he has been involved in over 130 parliamentary inquiries. His book Defining Terrorism in International Law (2006) is the leading work on the subject, and he is lead author of the Oxford Commentary on the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (2014), awarded a Certificate of Merit by the American Society of International Law. His latest books are The Oxford Handbook on International Law in Asia and the Pacific (2020) and The Oxford Guide to International Humanitarian Law (2020).
  • Ben has taught law at Oxford, Harvard, The Hague and Xiamen Academies of International Law, and in China, India, Nepal, Cambodia and Italy. He has also been a visiting professor at the Max Planck Institute for International Law, and the Raoul Wallenberg Institute of Human Rights; and given lectures at Cambridge, NYU, LSE and for the UN Audio Visual Library of International Law.
  • Ben has been involved in cases before the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, Special Tribunal for Lebanon, Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. He was lead counsel in five successful national security cases before the UN Human Rights Committee against Australia, including FJ (2016), FKAG (2013), and MMM (2013) (arbitrary indefinite detention and inhuman treatment of 51 refugees on secret security grounds); Hicks (2016) (unlawful military trial at Guantanamo Bay); and Leghaei (2015) (secret security expulsion interfering in family rights).
  • Ben has advised or consulted to the United Nations (including UNODC, UNESCO, UNHCR and OHCHR), the International Committee of the Red Cross, governments, regulators, judiciaries, and NGOs (including Amnesty International, Médecins Sans Frontières and the International Commission of Jurists), and delivered technical assistance in developing countries. He drafted the professional training curriculum on terrorism and international law for the UN Office on Drugs and Crime.
  • Ben has also undertaken professional missions or field research in numerous countries, including Algeria, Bangladesh, Botswana, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Fiji, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Laos, Namibia, Nepal, Mexico, Myanmar, Palestine, Rwanda, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Thailand, Timor Leste, Turkey, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam and Western Sahara.
  • Ben has served on various professional and international bodies, including the International Law Association’s Committee for the Compensation of Victims of War. He is on the editorial boards of the International Centre for Counter-Terrorism in The Hague and the Indonesian Journal of International Law, the advisory board of Kathmandu School of Law, and the advisory council of the Australian Centre for International Justice.
  • Previously he was Director of the Sydney Centre for International Law, Editor in Chief of the Australian International Law Journal, President of Australia’s Refugee Advice and Casework Service, a member of the Law Council of Australia’s National Human Rights Committee, the NSW Legal Aid’s Human Rights Committee, and Vice-President of Sydney PEN. He formerly worked as a Legal Officer at the Australian Law Reform Commission.
  • Ben frequently comments in the international media, including writing opinion in The New York Times and appearing in the BBC, CNN, ABC, Radio France, Voice of America, Voice of Russia, Al Jazeera, Radio Free Europe, The Economist, The Guardian, Le Monde, China Daily, Xinhua, The Huffington Post, El Pais, South China Morning Post, The Straights Times, Al Ahram, Haaretz, The Australian, The Sydney Morning Herald, and The Age.
  • Ben has a doctorate in law from Oxford and honours degrees in Arts (Australian Literature and History) and Law, and two University Medals, from the University of Sydney.
  • Public international law
  • Counter-terrorism law
  • International humanitarian law
  • International human rights law
  • International criminal law
  • International law on the use of force
  • Law and development

Selected publications

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Publications

Books

  • Crock, M., Smith-Khan, L., McCallum, R., Saul, B. (2017). The Legal Protection of Refugees with Disabilities: Forgotten and Invisible?. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. [More Information]
  • Saul, B. (2016). Indigenous Peoples and Human Rights: International and Regional Jurisprudence. Oxford: Hart Publishing.
  • Saul, B. (2016). The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Travaux Preparatoires 1948-1966 - Volumes 1 & 2. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Edited Books

  • Crawford, E., Pert, A., Saul, B. (2023). Public International Law. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. [More Information]
  • Saul, B. (2020). Research Handbook on International Law and Terrorism, 2nd Edition. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. [More Information]
  • Saul, B., Akande, D. (2020). The Oxford Guide to International Humanitarian Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Book Chapters

  • Saul, B. (2023). International Organisations. In Emily Crawford, Alison Pert and Ben Saul (Eds.), Public International Law, (pp. 400-429). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. [More Information]
  • Saul, B. (2023). Nature, History and Theory of International Law. In Emily Crawford, Alison Pert and Ben Saul (Eds.), Public International Law. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Saul, B., Sangroula, S. (2023). Nepal and International Law. In Sarah Biddulph, Kathryn Taylor (Eds.), Elgar Concise Encyclopedia of Asian Law (Forthcoming). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Journals

  • Saul, B. (2022). The law of the jungle: Western hypocrisy over the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Australian Book Review, July 2022, no. 444, 9-11.
  • Saul, B. (2021). From conflict to complementarity: reconciling international counterterrorism law and international humanitarian law. International Review of the Red Cross, 103(916-917), 157-202. [More Information]
  • Saul, B. (2018). Minorities and Counter-Terrorism Law. European Yearbook of Minority Issues, 15(01), 1-22. [More Information]

Other

  • Saul, B. (2014), International Convention Against the Taking of Hostages: New York, 17 December 1979 - Introductory Note. [More Information]

Research Reports

  • Saul, B. (2022). Cooperation with the Taliban to Counter Terrorism in Afghanistan, (pp. 1 - 15). The Hague, Netherlands: International Centre for Counter-Terrorism (ICCT). [More Information]
  • Saul, B., Sulzer, J. (2022). United Nations Model Legislative Provisions to Support the Needs and Protect the Rights of Victims of Terrorism, United States of America: United Nations Office of Counter Terrorism (UNOCT), Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU), United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). [More Information]
  • Saul, B., Garms, U. (2021). Counter-Terrorism Legal Training Curriculum - Module 1: Counter-Terrorism in the International Law Context, (pp. 1 - 231). Austria: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC).

2023

  • Saul, B. (2023). International Organisations. In Emily Crawford, Alison Pert and Ben Saul (Eds.), Public International Law, (pp. 400-429). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. [More Information]
  • Saul, B. (2023). Nature, History and Theory of International Law. In Emily Crawford, Alison Pert and Ben Saul (Eds.), Public International Law. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Saul, B., Sangroula, S. (2023). Nepal and International Law. In Sarah Biddulph, Kathryn Taylor (Eds.), Elgar Concise Encyclopedia of Asian Law (Forthcoming). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.

2022

  • Saul, B. (2022). Cooperation with the Taliban to Counter Terrorism in Afghanistan, (pp. 1 - 15). The Hague, Netherlands: International Centre for Counter-Terrorism (ICCT). [More Information]
  • Saul, B. (2022). Precursor crimes of international terrorism. In Not known (Eds.), Precursor Crimes of Terrorism: The Criminalisation of Terrorism Risk in Comparative Perspective, (pp. 196-219). TBC. [More Information]
  • Saul, B. (2022). The law of the jungle: Western hypocrisy over the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Australian Book Review, July 2022, no. 444, 9-11.

2021

  • Saul, B., Garms, U. (2021). Counter-Terrorism Legal Training Curriculum - Module 1: Counter-Terrorism in the International Law Context, (pp. 1 - 231). Austria: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC).
  • Saul, B. (2021). From conflict to complementarity: reconciling international counterterrorism law and international humanitarian law. International Review of the Red Cross, 103(916-917), 157-202. [More Information]
  • Saul, B. (2021). Migration, Displacement, Security and International Law. In Robin Geiss, Nils Melzer (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of the International Law of Global Security, (pp. 413-431). Oxford: Oxford University Press. [More Information]

2020

  • Saul, B. (2020). Counter-Terrorism Law and Armed Conflict in Asia. In Suzannah Linton, Tim McCormack, Sandesh Sivakumaran (Eds.), Asia-Pacific Perspectives on International Humanitarian Law, (pp. 231-250). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [More Information]
  • Saul, B. (2020). Cyber Terrorism and Use of the Internet for Terrorist Purposes. In Russell Buchan, Nicholas Tsagourias (Eds.), Research Handbook on International Law and Cyberspace - 2nd Edition (Forthcoming). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Saul, B. (2020). Research Handbook on International Law and Terrorism, 2nd Edition. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. [More Information]

2019

  • Saul, B. (2019). Australia. In Simon Chesterman, Hisashi Owada, Ben Saul (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of International Law in Asia and the Pacific, (pp. 766-791). Oxford: Oxford University Press. [More Information]
  • Saul, B. (2019). Defining Terrorism: A Conceptual Minefield. In Erica Chenoweth, Richard English, Andreas Gofas, Stathis N. Kalyvas (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Terrorism, (pp. 34-49). Oxford: Oxford University Press. [More Information]
  • Chesterman, S., Owada, H., Saul, B. (2019). Introduction. In Simon Chesterman, Hisashi Owada, Ben Saul (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of International Law in Asia and the Pacific, (pp. 3-13). Oxford: Oxford University Press. [More Information]

2018

  • Saul, B. (2018). Minorities and Counter-Terrorism Law. European Yearbook of Minority Issues, 15(01), 1-22. [More Information]

2017

  • Saul, B. (2017). Australia and International Counter-Terrorism Law and Practice. In Donald R. Rothwell, Emily Crawford (Eds.), International Law in Australia - 3rd Edition, (pp. 261-289). Sydney: Thomson Reuters.
  • Saul, B. (2017). Book Review: Georgina Fitzpatrick, Tim McCormack and Narrelle Morris (eds), Australia's War Crimes Trials 1945-51 (Brill Nijhoff, Leiden, 2016), 865 pp. Law & History, (2), 158-169.
  • Saul, B. (2017). Enhancing Civilian Protection by Engaging Non-State Armed Groups under International Humanitarian Law. Journal of Conflict and Security Law, 22(1), 39-66. [More Information]

2016

  • Saul, B. (2016). Improving Respect for International Humanitarian Law by Non-state Armed Groups. In Catriona Holman (Eds.), Humanitarian Engagement with Non-state Armed Groups, (pp. 39-52). London: The Royal Institute of International Affairs. [More Information]
  • Saul, B. (2016). Indigenous Peoples and Human Rights: International and Regional Jurisprudence. Oxford: Hart Publishing.
  • Saul, B. (2016). Introduction: The Drafting of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 1948-1966. In Ben Saul (Eds.), The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Travaux Preparatoires, (pp. xciii-cxxvi). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

2015

  • Smith-Khan, L., Crock, M., McCallum, R., Saul, B. (2015). 'Up to now I am suffering': justice, sexual violence and disability amongst refugees in Uganda. International Journal of Migration and Border Studies, 1(4), 348-371. [More Information]
  • Saul, B., Stephens, T. (2015). Antarctica in International Law. Oxford, United Kingdom: Hart Publishing.
  • Saul, B., Stephens, T., Horne, A. (2015). Chronology of Legally Significant Events. In Ben Saul, Tim Stephens (Eds.), Antarctica in International Law, (pp. xxvii-liv). Oxford, United Kingdom: Hart Publishing. [More Information]

2014

  • Saul, B., Renshaw, C. (2014). Human Rights in Asia and the Pacific: Critical Concepts in Asian Studies Volumes I - IV. United Kingdom: Routledge.
  • Saul, B. (2014), International Convention Against the Taking of Hostages: New York, 17 December 1979 - Introductory Note. [More Information]
  • Hart, N., Crock, M., McCallum, R., Saul, B. (2014). Making Every Life Count: Ensuring Equality and Protection for Persons with Disabilities in Armed Conflicts. Monash University Law Review, 40(1), 148-174. [More Information]

2013

  • Saul, B. (2013). China, Natural Resources, Sovereignty and International Law. Asian Studies Review, 37(2), 196-214. [More Information]
  • Nasu, H., Saul, B. (2013). Human Rights in the Asia Pacific Region: Towards Institution Building. Routledge. [More Information]
  • Saul, B. (2013). Indefinite Security Detention and Refugee Children and Families in Australia: International Human Rights Law Dimensions. Australian International Law Journal, 20, 55-75.

2012

  • Saul, B. (2012). 'Fair Shake of the Sauce Bottle': Fairer ASIO security assessments of refugees. Alternative Law Journal, 37(4), 221-227. [More Information]
  • Saul, B., Baghoomians, I. (2012). An Experiential International Law Field School in the Sky: Learning Human Rights and Development in the Himalayas. Legal Education Review, 22(2), 273-315.
  • Saul, B. (2012). Civilising the Exception: Universally Defining Terrorism. In A Masferrer (Eds.), Post 9/11 and the State of Permanent Legal Emergency: Security and Human Rights in Countering Terrorism, (pp. 79-100). Dordrecht: Springer. [More Information]

2011

  • Saul, B. (2011). '"Why do they hate us?".. They hate our freedoms': The globalisation of terrorism and counter-terrorism. In Shawkat Alam, Natalie Klein and Juliette Overland (Eds.), Globalisation and the Quest for Social and Environmental Justice: The Relevance of International Law in an Evolving World Order, (pp. 207-234). London & New York: Routledge imprint of Taylor & Francis. [More Information]
  • Saul, B. (2011). Amicus Curiae Brief on the Notion of Terrorist Acts Submitted to the Appeals Chamber of the Special Tribunal for Lebanon Pursuant to Rule 131 of the Rules of Procedure and Evidence. Criminal Law Forum, 22(3), 365-388. [More Information]
  • McAdam, J., Saul, B. (2011). Displacement with Dignity: International Law and Policy Responses to Climate Change, Migration and Security in Bangladesh. German Yearbook of International Law, 53, 233-287.

2010

  • McAdam, J., Saul, B. (2010). An Insecure Climate for Human Security? Climate-Induced Displacement and International Law. In Alice Edwards and Carla Ferstman (Eds.), Human Security and Non-Citizens: Law, Policy and International Affairs, (pp. 357-403). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Saul, B. (2010). Climate Change and Resource Scarcity: Towards an International Law of Distributive Justice. In Rosemary Lyster (Eds.), In the Wilds of Climate Law, (pp. 71-96). Australia: Australian Academic Press.
  • Saul, B. (2010). Hitoshi Nasu, International Law on Peacekeeping: A Study of Article 40 of the UN Charter (2009). Australian International Law Journal, 17, 291-292.

2009

  • Saul, B. (2009). Book Review: Human Rights and Non-Discrimination in the 'War on Terror' by Daniel Moeckli. The Modern Law Review, 72(3), 314-317.
  • Saul, B. (2009). Book Review: Neil Boister and Robert Cryer, The Tokyo International Military Tribunal: A Reappraisal (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2008), ISBN 978-0-19-927852-7, 358 pages. Australian International Law Journal, 16, 295-299.
  • Saul, B. (2009). Climate Change, Conflict and Security: International Law Challenges. New Zealand Armed Forces Law Review, 9, 1-20.

2008

  • Saul, B. (2008). Book Review - Law in Times of Crisis: Emergency Powers in Theory and Practice by Oren Gross & Fionnuala Ni Aolain. Irish Yearbook of International Law.
  • Saul, B. (2008). Branding Enemies: Regional Legal Responses to Terrorism in Asia. In HHL Roque (Eds.), Asia-Pacific Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law, (pp. 110-134). The Philippines: Institute of International Legal Studies.
  • Saul, B. (2008). Foreword. In P Rainey & B Saul (Eds.), Youth Writes: An Anthology of Young Australians' Writing. The Youth Writes Committee.

2007

  • Saul, B. (2007). Australian Administrative Law:The Human Rights Dimension. In Matthew Groves and H. P. Lee (Eds.), Australian Administrative Law: Fundamentals, Principles and Doctrines, (pp. 50-76). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Saul, B. (2007). Book Review: Stephen Grey's 'Ghost Plane: The Untold Story of the CIA's Torture Programme' Scribe: Melbourne 2007. Law Society Journal, (45) 6, 82-83.
  • Saul, B. (2007). Defining Terrorism to Protect Human Rights. In Deborah Staines (Eds.), Interrogating the War on Terror: Interdisciplinary Perspectives, (pp. 190-210). UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.

2006

  • Saul, B. (2006). Book review: Peter Reddy, Torture: What You Need to Know. Law Society Journal, 44(9), 95.
  • Saul, B. (2006). Censorship of Religious Texts: The Limits of Pluralism. The U T S Law Review, 8, 49-65.
  • Saul, B. (2006). Defending 'Terrorism': Justifications and Excuses for Terrorism in International Criminal Law. Australian Yearbook of International Law, 25, 177-226.

2005

  • Saul, B. (2005). Attempts to Define 'Terrorism' in International Law. Netherlands International Law Review, 52(1), 57-83.
  • Saul, B. (2005). Crimes and Prohibitions of 'Terror' and 'Terrorism' in Armed Conflict: 1919-2005. Humanitares Volkerrecht Informationsschriften, 4, 264.
  • Saul, B. (2005). Defining Terrorism to Protect Human Rights. Human Rights Defender, 14(2), 2.

2004

  • Saul, B. (2004). Compensation for Unlawful Death in International Law: A Focus on the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. American University International Law Review, 19(3), 523-585.
  • Saul, B. (2004). Torturing terrorists after September 11. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 27(6), 645-670. [More Information]

2003

  • Saul, B. (2003). International Terrorism as a European Crime: The Policy Rationale for Criminalization. European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice, 11(4), 323-349.
  • Saul, B. (2003). The Legality of the Use of Force Against Iraq in 2003: Did the Coalition Defend or Defy the United Nations? U C L A Journal of International Law and Foreign Affairs, 8(2), 267-329.

2002

  • Saul, B. (2002). Election Violence in Sri Lanka: Implementing the Right to a Free and Fair Election. Asia Pacific Journal on Human Rights and the Law, 3(1), 1-39.
  • Crock, M., Saul, B. (2002). Future Seekers: Refugees and the Law in Australia. Australia: Federation Press.
  • Saul, B. (2002). Legal Professional Privilege - Balancing Law Enforcement Against Protecting the Regulated. Law Institute Journal, 76(2), 68-99.

2001

  • Saul, B. (2001). Genetic Policing: Forensic DNA Testing in NSW. Current Issues in Criminal Justice, 13(1), 74-109.
  • Saul, B. (2001). In the Shadow of Human Rights: Human duties, obligations and responsibilities. Columbia Human Rights Law Review, 32.3, 565-624.
  • Saul, B. (2001). Privilege against Self-incrimination in Federal Regulation. Reform.

Related research articles

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