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Professor Paul Keall

Professor and NHMRC Australian Fellow
Medicine, Central Clinical School

Telephone +61 2 9351 3590
Fax +61 2 9351 0418

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Biographical details

Paul Keall is currently a Professor at the University of Sydney and Director of the Radiation Physics Laboratory. His work is broadly supported by the NHMRC Australia Fellowship Innovations in Medical Physics to Improve Human Health with additional funding supporting individual projects. The program has international funded collaborations with Stanford University and Virginia Commonwealth University, and also partners with several institutions in Asia, Europe and the US on image guided radiation therapy research projects. Previously Dr. Keall was an Associate Professor and Director of the Radiation Physics Division of the Radiation Oncology Department at Stanford University. Dr. Keall earned his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees at the University of Adelaide in Australia and his B.S. degree at the University of Waikato in New Zealand. Dr. Keall's main scientific interests involve image guided radiation therapy and accounting for anatomic and physiologic changes in healthy and pathologic tissue throughout a radiation treatment course. Additional areas of investigation include ventilation imaging, audiovisual biofeedback, compact plasma proton accelerators and MRI and PET-guided linear accelerators. These research activities have resulted in over 200 scientific articles and several awards and honors. He has developed new methods for medical imaging and image guided radiation therapy. Several of these innovations have been translated to clinical practice for improved health care. He is an editorial board member for several journals in the radiation oncology field and participates in professional activities and committees of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine and the American Society for Radiation Oncology.

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Selected grants

2015

  • Breathe Well: Improving cancer imaging and radiotherapy using audiovisual biofeedback; Keall P, Kay J, O'Brien R, Kron T, Greer P, Hebblewhite M, Sawant A; National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)/Development Grants.

2014

  • Learning Image Context for Tumor Motion Adaptation to Improve Cancer Radiotherapy Treatment Outcomes; Huang C, Keall P, Fahrig R, Wang X; DVC International/IPDF Grant.
  • Hitting the Target: Real-Time Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy; Keall P, Eade T, Kneebone A, Booth J; Cancer Australia/Priority Driven Collaborative Cancer Research Scheme.

2013

  • MR-Compatible Linac gun for Robotic Linac Adaptation; Farig R, Keall P; National Institutes of Health (USA)/Research Support.
  • The Australian MRI-Linac Program: Improving cancer treatment through real-time image guided adaptive radiotherapy; Keall P, Barton M, Crozier S; National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)/Program Grants.

2012

  • ECG-Guided Cardiac CT Imaging for Interventional Radiology; Fahrig R, Keall P; DVC Research/International Research Collaboration Award (IRCA).
  • Lung sparing for SBRT with beams-eye-view imaging and real-time tumor tracking; Berbeco R, Keall P; National Institutes of Health (USA)/Research Support.
  • NHMRC audiovisual biofeedback to improve abdominal and thoracic medical image quality; Keall P.
  • A Hybrid Magnetic Resonance Imaging - Linear Accelerator (MRI-Linac) for Highly Accurate Radiotherapy Cancer Treatment; Crozier S, Keall P; Australian Research Council (ARC)/Discovery Projects (DP).
  • An adaptable and dedicated linear accelerator for medical radiation research; Keall P, Jackson M, Rozenfeld A, Barton M, Greer P, Vial J, Baldock C, Metcalfe P, Thwaites D, Kuncic Z, Holloway L, Bosi S, Eslick E, Downes S; Australian Research Council (ARC)/Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities (LIEF).
  • The development and investigation of respiratory-modulated four-dimensional cone beam CT imaging; Keall P; National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)/Project Grants.

2010

  • Image-guided Adaptive Radiation Therapy; Williamson J, Keall P; National Institutes of Health (USA)/Research Support.
  • A coaxial plasma accelerator for proton radiotherapy; Keall P; National Institutes of Health (USA)/Research Support.
  • Australia Fellowship; Keall P; National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)/Career Awards: Australian Fellowship.
  • 4D IMRT: Stereotactic body radiotherapy for lung cancer; Keall P, Loo B; National Institutes of Health (USA)/Research Support.
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Selected publications

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Journals

  • Constantin, D., Holloway, L., Keall, P., Fahrig, R. (2014). A novel electron gun for inline MRI-linac configurations. Medical Physics, 41(2), 022301-1-022301-10. [More Information]
  • Colvill, E., Poulsen, P., Booth, J., O'Brien, R., Ng, J., Keall, P. (2014). DMLC tracking and gating can improve dose coverage for prostate VMAT. Medical Physics, 41(9), 1-10. [More Information]
  • Lee, D., Pollock, S., Whelan, B., Keall, P., Kim, T. (2014). Dynamic keyhole: A novel method to improve MR images in the presence of respiratory motion for real-time MRI. Medical Physics, 41(7). [More Information]
  • Oborn, B., Kolling, S., Metcalfe, P., Crozier, S., Litzenberg, D., Keall, P. (2014). Electron contamination modeling and reduction in a 1 T open bore inline MRI-linac system. Medical Physics, 41(5), 051708-1-15. [More Information]
  • Shieh, C., Kipritidis, J., O'Brien, R., Kuncic, Z., Keall, P. (2014). Image quality in thoracic 4D cone-beam CT: a sensitivity analysis of respiratory signal, binning method, reconstruction algorithm, and projection angular spacing. Medical Physics, 41(4), 041912-1-041912-18.
  • Suh, Y., Murray, W., Keall, P. (2014). IMRT Treatment Planning on 4D Geometries for the Era of Dynamic MLC Tracking. Technology in Cancer Research and Treatment, 13(6), 505-515. [More Information]
  • Sawant, A., Keall, P., Butts Pauly, K., Alley, M., Vasanawala, S., Loo, B., Hinkle, J., Joshi, S. (2014). Investigating the feasibility of rapid MRI for image-guided motion management in lung cancer radiotherapy. BioMed Research International, 2013, 1-7. [More Information]
  • Kolling, S., Oborn, B., Keall, P., Horvat, J. (2014). Magnetization curves of sintered heavy tungsten alloys for applications in MRI-guided radiotherapy. Medical Physics, 41(6), 1-6. [More Information]
  • Falk, M., Pommer, T., Keall, P., Korreman, S., Persson, G., Poulsen, P., af Rosenschold, P. (2014). Motion management during IMAT treatment of mobile lung tumors-A comparison of MLC tracking and gated delivery. Medical Physics, 41(10), 1-8. [More Information]
  • O'Brien, R., Kipritidis, J., Shieh, C., Keall, P. (2014). Optimizing 4DCBCT projection allocation to respiratory bins. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 59(19), 5631-5649. [More Information]
  • Yamamoto, T., Kabus, S., Lorenz, C., Mittra, E., Hong, J., Chung, M., Eclov, N., To, J., Diehn, M., Loo, B., Keall, P. (2014). Pulmonary Ventilation Imaging Based on 4-Dimensional Computed Tomography: Comparison With Pulmonary Function Tests and SPECT Ventilation Images. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, 90(2), 414-422. [More Information]
  • Ng, J., Booth, J., O'Brien, R., Colvill, E., Huang, C., Poulsen, P., Keall, P. (2014). Quality assurance for the clinical implementation of kilovoltage intrafraction monitoring for prostate cancer VMAT. Medical Physics, 41(11), 1-9. [More Information]
  • O'Brien, R., Cooper, B., Kipritidis, J., Shieh, C., Keall, P. (2014). Respiratory motion guided four dimensional cone beam computed tomography: Encompassing irregular breathing. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 59(3), 579-595. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Barton, M., Crozier, S., et al (2014). The Australian Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Linac Program. Seminars in Radiation Oncology, 24(3), 203-206. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Colvill, E., O'Brien, R., Ng, J., Poulsen, P., Eade, T., Kneebone, A., Booth, J. (2014). The first clinical implementation of electromagnetic transponder-guided MLC tracking. Medical Physics, 41(2), 020702-1-020702-5. [More Information]
  • Steel, H., Pollock, S., Lee, D., Keall, P., Kim, T. (2014). The internal-external respiratory motion correlation is unaffected by audiovisual biofeedback. Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine, 37(1), 97-102. [More Information]
  • Yang, J., Yamamoto, T., Mazin, S., Graves, E., Keall, P. (2014). The potential of positron emission tomography for intratreatment dynamic lung tumor tracking: a phantom study. Medical Physics, 41(2), 021718-1-021718-14. [More Information]
  • Ge, Y., O'Brien, R., Shieh, C., Booth, J., Keall, P. (2014). Toward the development of intrafraction tumor deformation tracking using a dynamic multi-leaf collimator. Medical Physics, 41(6), 061703-1-061703-10. [More Information]
  • Kipritidis, J., Siva, S., Hofman, M., Callahan, J., Hicks, R., Keall, P. (2014). Validating and improving CT ventilation imaging by correlating with ventilation 4D-PET/CT using 68Ga-labeled nanoparticles. Medical Physics, 41(1), 011910-1-011910-12. [More Information]
  • Yamamoto, T., Kabus, S., Lorenz, C., Johnston, E., Maxim, P., Diehn, M., Eclov, N., Barquero, C., Loo, Jr., B., Keall, P. (2013). 4D CT lung ventilation images are affected by the 4D CT sorting method. Medical Physics, 40(10), 1-9. [More Information]
  • Pollock, S., Lee, D., Keall, P., Kim, T. (2013). Audiovisual biofeedback improves motion prediction accuracy. Medical Physics, 40(4), 041705-1-041705-9. [More Information]
  • Pommer, T., Falk, M., Poulsen, P., Keall, P., O'Brien, R., Petersen, P., af Rosenschold, P. (2013). Dosimetric benefit of DMLC tracking for conventional and sub-volume boosted prostate intensity-modulated arc radiotherapy. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 58(7), 2349-2361. [More Information]
  • Ng, J., Booth, J., Poulsen, P., Kuncic, Z., Keall, P. (2013). Estimation of effective imaging dose for kilovoltage intratreatment monitoring of the prostate position during cancer radiotherapy. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 58(17), 5983-5996. [More Information]
  • Balik, S., Weiss, E., Jan, N., Roman, N., Sleeman, W., Fatyga, M., Christensen, G., Zhang, C., Murphy, M., Lu, J., Keall, P., et al (2013). Evaluation of 4-dimensional Computed Tomography to 4-dimensional Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Deformable Image Registration for Lung Cancer Adaptive Radiation Therapy. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 86(2), 372-379. [More Information]
  • Kolling, S., Oborn, B., Keall, P. (2013). Impact of the MLC on the MRI field distortion of a prototype MRI-linac. Medical Physics, 40(12), 121705-1-121705-10. [More Information]
  • Rottman, J., Keall, P., Berbeco, R. (2013). Markerless EPID image guided dynamic multi-leaf collimator tracking for lung tumors. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 58(12), 4195-4204. [More Information]
  • O'Brien, R., Cooper, B., Keall, P. (2013). Optimizing 4D cone beam computed tomography acquisition by varying the gantry velocity and projection time interval. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 58(6), 1705-1723. [More Information]
  • Nasehi Tehrani, J., O'Brien, R., Poulsen, P., Keall, P. (2013). Real-time estimation of prostate tumor rotation and translation with a kV imaging system based on an iterative closest point algorithm. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 58(23), 8517-8533. [More Information]
  • Rottmann, J., Keall, P., Berbeco, R. (2013). Real-time soft tissue motion estimation for lung tumors during radiotherapy delivery. Medical Physics, 40(9), 091713-1-091713-7. [More Information]
  • Cooper, B., O'Brien, R., Balik, S., Hugo, G., Keall, P. (2013). Respiratory triggered 4D cone-beam computed tomography: A novel method to reduce imaging dose. Medical Physics, 40(4), 041901-1-041901-9. [More Information]
  • Pommer, T., Falk, M., Poulsen, P., Keall, P., O'Brien, R., af Rosenschold, P. (2013). The impact of leaf width and plan complexity on DMLC tracking of prostate intensity modulated arc therapy. Medical Physics, 40(11), 111717-1-111717-6. [More Information]
  • Bjerre, T., Crijns, S., af Rosenschold, P., Aznar, M., Specht, L., Larsen, R., Keall, P. (2013). Three-dimensional MRI-linac intra-fraction guidance using multiple orthogonal cine-MRI planes. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 58(14), 4943-4950. [More Information]
  • Ravkilde, T., Keall, P., Grau, C., Hoyer, M., Poulsen, P. (2013). Time-resolved dose distributions to moving targets during volumetric modulated arc therapy with and without dynamic MLC tracking. Medical Physics, 40(11), 111723-1-111723-8. [More Information]
  • Ravkilde, T., Keall, P., Grau, C., Hoyer, M., Poulsen, P. (2013). Time-resolved dose reconstruction by motion encoding of volumetric modulated arc therapy fields delivered with and without dynamic multi-leaf collimator tracking. Acta Oncologica, 52(7), 1497-1503. [More Information]
  • Poulsen, P., Schmidt, M., Keall, P., Worm, E., Fledelius, W., Hoffmann, L. (2012). A method of dose reconstruction for moving targets compatible with dynamic treatments. Medical Physics, 39(10), 6237-6246. [More Information]
  • Kim, T., Pollock, S., Lee, D., O'Brien, R., Keall, P. (2012). Audiovisual biofeedback improves diaphragm motion reproducibility in MRI. Medical Physics, 39(11), 6921-6928. [More Information]
  • Wu, J., Ruan, D., Cho, B., Sawant, A., Petersen, J., Newell, L., Cattell, H., Keall, P. (2012). Electromagnetic Detection and Real-Time DMLC Adaptation to Target Rotation During Radiotherapy. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 82(3), e545-e553. [More Information]
  • Oborn, B., Metcalfe, P., Butson, M., Rosenfeld, A., Keall, P. (2012). Electron contamination modeling and skin dose in 6 MV longitudinal field MRIgRT: Impact of the MRI and MRI fringe field. Medical Physics, 39(2), 874-890. [More Information]
  • Cho, B., Poulsen, P., Ruan, D., Sawant, A., Keall, P. (2012). Experimental investigation of a general real-time 3D target localization method using sequential kV imaging combined with respiratory monitoring. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 57(22), 7395-7407. [More Information]
  • Poulsen, P., Fledelius, W., Cho, B., Keall, P. (2012). Image-Based Dynamic Multileaf Collimator Tracking of Moving Targets During Intensity-Modulated Arc Therapy. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 83(2), e265-e271. [More Information]
  • Ng, J., Booth, J., Poulsen, P., Fledelius, W., Worm, E., Eade, T., Hegi-Johnson, F., Kneebone, A., Kuncic, Z., Keall, P. (2012). Kilovoltage intrafraction monitoring for prostate intensity modulated arc therapy: First clinical results. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 84(5), e655-e661. [More Information]
  • Crocker, J., Ng, J., Keall, P., Booth, J. (2012). Measurement of patient imaging dose for real-time kilovoltage x-ray intrafraction tumour position monitoring in prostate patients. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 57(10), 2969-2980. [More Information]
  • Poulsen, P., Carl, J., Nielsen, J., Nielsen, M., Thomsen, J., Jensen, H., Kjaergaard, B., Zepernick, P., Worm, E., Fledelius, W., Keall, P., et al (2012). Megavoltage Image-Based Dynamic Multileaf Collimator Tracking of a NiTi Stent in Porcine Lungs on a Linear Accelerator. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 82(2), e321-e327. [More Information]
  • Yamamoto, T., Kabus, S., von Berg, J., Lorenz, C., Chung, M., Hong, J., Loo, B., Keall, P. (2012). Reproducibility of four-dimensional computed tomography-based lung ventilation imaging. Academic Radiology, 19(12), 1554-1565. [More Information]
  • Falk, M., Larsson, T., Keall, P., Chul Cho, B., Aznar, M., Korreman, S., Poulsen, P., af Rosenschold, P. (2012). The dosimetric impact of inversely optimized arc radiotherapy plan modulation for real-time dynamic MLC tracking delivery. Medical Physics, 39(3), 1588-1594. [More Information]
  • Yang, J., Yamamoto, T., Cho, B., Seo, Y., Keall, P. (2012). The impact of audio-visual biofeedback on 4D PET images: Results of a phantom study. Medical Physics, 39(2), 1046-1057. [More Information]
  • Poulsen, P., Fledelius, W., Keall, P., Weiss, E., Lu, J., Brackbill, E., Hugo, G. (2011). A method for robust segmentation of arbitrarily shaped radiopaque structures in cone-beam CT projections. Medical Physics, 38(4), 2151-2156. [More Information]
  • Constantin, D., Fahrig, R., Keall, P. (2011). A study of the effect of in-line and perpendicular magnetic fields on beam characteristics of electron guns in medical linear accelerators. Medical Physics, 38(7), 4174-4185. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Sawant, A., Cho, B., Ruan, D., Wu, J., Poulsen, P., Petersen, J., Newell, L., Cattell, H., Korreman, S. (2011). Electromagnetic-Guided Dynamic Multileaf Collimator Tracking Enables Motion Management for Intensity-Modulated Arc Therapy. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 79(1), 312-320. [More Information]
  • Yoon, J., Sawant, A., Suh, Y., Cho, B., Suh, T., Keall, P. (2011). Experimental investigation of a moving averaging algorithm for motion perpendicular to the leaf travel direction in dynamic MLC target tracking. Medical Physics, 38(7), 3924-3931. [More Information]
  • Yamamoto, T., Kabus, S., Klinder, T., von Berg, J., Lorenz, C., Loo, Jr., B., Keall, P. (2011). Four-dimensional computed tomography pulmonary ventilation images vary with deformable image registration algorithms and metrics. Medical Physics, 38(3), 1348-1358. [More Information]
  • Ravkilde, T., Keall, P., Hojbjerre, K., Fledelius, W., Worm, E., Poulsen, P. (2011). Geometric accuracy of dynamic MLC tracking with an implantable wired electromagnetic transponder. Acta Oncologica, 50(6), 944-951. [More Information]
  • Carlson, D., Keall, P., Loo, B., Chen, Z., Brown, J. (2011). Hypofractionation results in reduced tumor cell kill compared to conventional fractionation for tumors with regions of hypoxia. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 79(4), 1188-1195. [More Information]
  • Yamamoto, T., Kabus, S., von Berg, J., Lorenz, C., Keall, P. (2011). Impact of Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography Pulmonary Ventilation Imaging-Based Functional Avoidance for Lung Cancer Radiotherapy. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 79(1), 279-288. [More Information]
  • Yamamoto, T., Kabus, S., Klinder, T., Lorenz, C., von Berg, J., Blaffert, T., Loo Jr, B., Keall, P. (2011). Investigation of four-dimensional computed tomography-based pulmonary ventilation imaging in patients with emphysematous lung regions. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 56(7), 2279-2298. [More Information]
  • Keall, P. (2011). Locating and targeting moving tumors with radiation beams. Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology, 43, 118-131. [More Information]
  • Constantin, M., Perl, J., LoSasso, T., Salop, A., Whittum, D., Narula, A., Svatos, M., Keall, P. (2011). Modeling the truebeam linac using a CAD to Geant4 geometry implementation: dose and IAEA-compliant phase space calculations. Medical Physics, 38(7), 4018-4024. [More Information]
  • Cho, B., Poulsen, P., Sawant, A., Ruan, D., Keall, P. (2011). Real-Time Target Position Estimation Using Stereoscopic Kilovoltage/Megavoltage Imaging and External Respiratory Monitoring for Dynamic Multileaf Collimator Tracking. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 79(1), 269-278. [More Information]
  • Fledelius, W., Keall, P., Cho, B., Yang, X., Morf, D., Scheib, S., Poulsen, P. (2011). Tracking latency in image-based dynamic MLC tracking with direct image access. Acta Oncologica, 50(6), 952-959. [More Information]
  • Zhou, H., Rodriguez, M., Van Den Haak, F., Nelson, G., Jogani, R., Xu, J., Zhu, X., Xian, Y., Tran, P., Felsher, D., Keall, P., et al (2010). Development of a Micro-Computed Tomography-Based Image-Guided Conformal Radiotherapy System for Small Animals. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 78(1), 297-305. [More Information]
  • Poulsen, P., Cho, B., Ruan, D., Sawant, A., Keall, P. (2010). Dynamic Multileaf Collimator Tracking of Respiratory Target Motion Based on a Single Kilovoltage Imager During Arc Radiotherapy. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 77(2), 600-607. [More Information]
  • Poulsen, P., Cho, B., Sawant, A., Keall, P. (2010). Implementation of a new method for dynamic multileaf collimator tracking of prostate motion in arc radiotherapy using a single kV imager. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 76(3), 914-923. [More Information]
  • Motomura, A., Bazalova, M., Zhou, H., Keall, P., Graves, E. (2010). Investigation of the effects of treatment planning variables in small animal radiotherapy dose distributions. Medical Physics, 37(2), 590-599. [More Information]
  • Constantin, M., Constantin, D., Keall, P., Narula, A., Svatos, M., Perl, J. (2010). Linking computer-aided design (CAD) to Geant4-based Monte Carlo simulations for precise implementation of complex treatment head geometries. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 55(8), N211-N220. [More Information]
  • Ruan, D., Keall, P. (2010). Online prediction of respiratory motion: multidimensional processing with low-dimensional feature learning. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 55(11), 3011-3025. [More Information]
  • Langner, U., Keall, P. (2010). Quantification of artifact reduction with real-time cine four-dimensional computed tomography acquisition methods. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 76(4), 1242-1250. [More Information]
  • Falk, M., af Rosenschold, P., Keall, P., Cho, B., Poulsen, P., Povzner, S., Sawant, A., Zimmerman, J., Korreman, S. (2010). Real-time dynamic MLC tracking for inversely optimized arc radiotherapy. Radiotherapy and Oncology, 94(2), 218-223. [More Information]
  • Cho, B., Poulsen, P., Keall, P. (2010). Real-time tumor tracking using sequential kV imaging combined with respiratory monitoring: a general framework applicable to commonly used IGRT systems. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 55(12), 3299-3316. [More Information]
  • Zhou, H., Keall, P., Graves, E. (2009). A bone composition model for Monte Carlo x-ray transport simulations. Medical Physics, 36(3), 1008-1018. [More Information]
  • Langner, U., Keall, P. (2009). Accuracy in the localization of thoracic and abdominal tumors using respiratory displacement, velocity, and phase. Medical Physics, 36(2), 386-393.
  • Rodriguez, M., Zhou, H., Keall, P., Graves, E. (2009). Commissioning of a novel microCT/RT system for small animal conformal radiotherapy. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 54(12), 3727-3740. [More Information]
  • Jabbari, K., Keall, P., Seuntjens, J. (2009). Considerations and limitations of fast Monte Carlo electron transport in radiation therapy based on precalculated data. Medical Physics, 36(2), 530-540. [More Information]
  • Zimmerman, J., Korreman, S., Persson, G., Cattell, H., Svatos, M., Sawant, A., Venkat, R., Carlson, D., Keall, P. (2009). DMLC motion tracking of moving targets for intensity modulated arc therapy treatment - a feasibility study. Acta Oncologica, 48(2), 245-250.
  • Keall, P. (2009). Evolving technological changes and the impact on our profession. Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine, 32(3), x-xi. [More Information]
  • Cho, B., Poulsen, P., Sloutsky, A., Sawant, A., Keall, P. (2009). First demonstration of combined kV/MV image-guided real-time dynamic multileaf-collimator target tracking. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 74(3), 859-867. [More Information]
  • Suh, Y., Sawant, A., Venkat, R., Keall, P. (2009). Four-dimensional IMRT treatment planning using a DMLC motion-tracking algorithm. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 54(12), 3821-3835. [More Information]
  • Ma, Y., Lee, L., Keshet, O., Keall, P., Xing, L. (2009). Four-dimensional inverse treatment planning with inclusion of implanted fiducials in IMRT segmented fields. Medical Physics, 36(6), 2215-2221. [More Information]
  • Smith, R., Sawant, A., Santanam, L., Venkat, R., Newell, L., Cho, B., Poulsen, P., Cattell, H., Keall, P., Parikh, P. (2009). Integration of real-time internal electromagnetic position monitoring coupled with dynamic multileaf collimator tracking: an intensity-modulated radiation therapy feasibility study. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 74(3), 868-875. [More Information]
  • Bazalova, M., Zhou, H., Keall, P., Graves, E. (2009). Kilovoltage beam Monte Carlo dose calculations in submillimeter voxels for small animal radiotherapy. Medical Physics, 36(11), 4991-4999.
  • Dogan, N., Mihaylov, I., Wu, Y., Keall, P., Siebers, J., Hagan, M. (2009). Monte Carlo dose verification of prostate patients treated with simultaneous integrated boost intensity modulated radiation therapy. Radiation Oncology, 4, 1-17. [More Information]
  • Ruan, D., Fessler, J., Balter, J., Keall, P. (2009). Real-time profiling of respiratory motion: baseline drift, frequency variation and fundamental pattern change. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 54(15), 4777-4792. [More Information]
  • Sawant, A., Smith, R., Venkat, R., Santanam, L., Cho, B., Poulsen, P., Cattell, H., Newell, L., Parikh, P., Keall, P. (2009). Toward submillimeter accuracy in the management of intrafraction motion: the integration of real-time internal position monitoring and multileaf collimator target tracking. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 74(2), 575-582. [More Information]
  • Suh, Y., Weiss, E., Zhong, H., Fatyga, M., Siebers, J., Keall, P. (2008). A deliverable four-dimensional intensity-modulated radiation therapy-planning method for dynamic multileaf collimator tumor tracking delivery. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 71(5), 1526-1536. [More Information]
  • Poulsen, P., Cho, B., Keall, P. (2008). A method to estimate mean position, motion magnitude, motion correlation, and trajectory of a tumor from cone-beam CT projections for image-guided radiotherapy. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 72(5), 1587-1596. [More Information]
  • Cho, B., Suh, Y., Dieterich, S., Keall, P. (2008). A monoscopic method for real-time tumour tracking using combined occasional x-ray imaging and continuous respiratory monitoring. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 53(11), 2837-2855. [More Information]
  • Luxton, G., Keall, P., King, C. (2008). A new formula for normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) as a function of equivalent uniform dose (EUD). Physics in Medicine and Biology, 53(1), 23-36. [More Information]
  • Suh, Y., Dieterich, S., Cho, B., Keall, P. (2008). An analysis of thoracic and abdominal tumour motion for stereotactic body radiotherapy patients. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 53(13), 3623-3640. [More Information]
  • Yorke, E., Keall, P., Verhaegen, F. (2008). Anniversary paper: Role of medical physicists and the AAPM in improving geometric aspects of treatment accuracy and precision. Medical Physics, 35(3), 828-839. [More Information]
  • Weiss, E., Wijesooriya, K., Ramakrishnan, V., Keall, P. (2008). Comparison of intensity-modulated radiotherapy planning based on manual and automatically generated contours using deformable image registration in four-dimensional computed tomography of lung cancer patients. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 70(2), 572-581.e2. [More Information]
  • Venkat, R., Sawant, A., Suh, Y., George, R., Keall, P. (2008). Development and preliminary evaluation of a prototype audiovisual biofeedback device incorporating a patient-specific guiding waveform. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 53(11), N197-N208.
  • Weiss, E., Wijesooriya, K., Keall, P. (2008). Esophagus and spinal cord motion relative to GTV motion in four-dimensional CTs of lung cancer patients. Radiotherapy and Oncology, 87(1), 44-48. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Chang, M., Benedict, S., Thames, H., Vedam, S., Lin, P. (2008). Investigating the temporal effects of respiratory-gated and intensity-modulated radiotherapy treatment delivery on in vitro survival: an experimental and theoretical study. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 71(5), 1547-1552. [More Information]
  • Dieterich, S., Cleary, K., D’Souza, W., Murphy, M., Wong, K., Keall, P. (2008). Locating and targeting moving tumors with radiation beams. Medical Physics, 35(12), 5684-5694. [More Information]
  • Sawant, A., Venkat, R., Srivastava, V., Carlson, D., Povzner, S., Cattell, H., Keall, P. (2008). Management of three-dimensional intrafraction motion through real-time DMLC tracking. Medical Physics, 35(5), 2050-2061. [More Information]
  • George, R., Suh, Y., Murphy, M., Williamson, J., Weiss, E., Keall, P. (2008). On the accuracy of a moving average algorithm for target tracking during radiation therapy treatment delivery. Medical Physics, 35(6), 2356-2365. [More Information]
  • Langner, U., Keall, P. (2008). Prospective displacement and velocity-based cine 4D CT. Medical Physics, 35(10), 4501-4512. [More Information]
  • Wijesooriya, K., Weiss, E., Dill, V., Dong, L., Mohan, R., Joshi, S., Keall, P. (2008). Quantifying the accuracy of automated structure segmentation in 4D CT images using a deformable image registration algorithm. Medical Physics, 35(4), 1251-1260. [More Information]
  • Yamamoto, T., Langner, U., Loo, B., Shen, J., Keall, P. (2008). Retrospective analysis of artifacts in four-dimensional CT images of 50 abdominal and thoracic radiotherapy patients. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 72(4), 1250-1258. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Arief, I., Shamas, S., Weiss, E., Castle, S. (2008). The development and investigation of a prototype three-dimensional compensator for whole brain radiation therapy. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 53(9), 2267-2276. [More Information]
  • Poulsen, P., Cho, B., Langen, K., Kupelian, P., Keall, P. (2008). Three-dimensional prostate position estimation with a single x-ray imager utilizing the spatial probability density. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 53(16), 4331-4353. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Lauve, A., Hagan, M., Siebers, J. (2007). A strategy to correct for intrafraction target translation in conformal prostate radiotherapy: simulation results. Medical Physics, 34(6), 1944-1951. [More Information]
  • Weiss, E., Siebers, J., Keall, P. (2007). An analysis of 6-MV versus 18-MV photon energy plans for intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) of lung cancer. Radiotherapy and Oncology, 82(1), 55-62. [More Information]
  • Xing, L., Siebers, J., Keall, P. (2007). Computational Challenges for Image-Guided Radiation Therapy: Framework and Current Research. Seminars in Radiation Oncology. [More Information]
  • Graves, E., Zhou, H., Chatterjee, R., Keall, P., Gambhir, S., Contag, C., Boyer, A. (2007). Design and evaluation of a variable aperture collimator for conformal radiotherapy of small animals using a microCT scanner. Medical Physics, 34(11), 4359-4367. [More Information]
  • Suh, Y., Dieterich, S., Keall, P. (2007). Geometric uncertainty of 2D projection imaging in monitoring 3D tumor motion. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 52(12), 3439-3454. [More Information]
  • Weiss, E., Ramakrishnan, V., Keall, P. (2007). Is there a selection bias in radiotherapy dose-escalation protocols? International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 68(5), 1359-1365. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Webb, S. (2007). Optimum parameters in a model for tumour control probability, including interpatient heterogeneity: evaluation of the log-normal distribution. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 52(1), 291-302. [More Information]
  • Heath, E., Collins, D., Keall, P., Dong, L., Seuntjens, J. (2007). Quantification of accuracy of the automated nonlinear image matching and anatomical labeling (ANIMAL) nonlinear registration algorithm for 4D CT images of lung. Medical Physics, 34(11), 4409-4421. [More Information]
  • Chetty, I., Curran, B., Cygler, J., DeMarco, J., Ezzell, G., Faddegon, B., Kawrakow, I., Keall, P., Liu, H., Ma, C., et al (2007). Report of the AAPM Task Group No. 105: Issues associated with clinical implementation of Monte Carlo-based photon and electron external beam treatment planning. Medical Physics, 34(12), 4818-4853. [More Information]
  • Li, X., Keall, P., Orton, C. (2007). Respiratory gating for radiation therapy is not ready for prime time. Medical Physics, 34(3), 867-870. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Vedam, S., George, R., Williamson, J. (2007). Respiratory regularity gated 4D CT acquisition: concepts and proof of principle. Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine, 30(3), 211-220. [More Information]
  • Weiss, E., Wijesooriya, K., Dill, V., Keall, P. (2007). Tumor and normal tissue motion in the thorax during respiration: Analysis of volumetric and positional variations using 4D CT. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 67(1), 296-307. [More Information]
  • George, R., Chung, T., Vedam, S., Ramakrishnan, V., Mohan, R., Weiss, E., Keall, P. (2006). Audio-visual biofeedback for respiratory-gated radiotherapy: impact of audio instruction and audio-visual biofeedback on respiratory-gated radiotherapy. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 65(3), 924-933. [More Information]
  • Dogan, N., Siebers, J., Keall, P. (2006). Clinical comparison of head and neck and prostate IMRT plans using absorbed dose to medium and absorbed dose to water. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 51(19), 4967-4980. [More Information]
  • Fitzpatrick, M., Starkschall, G., Antolak, J., Fu, J., Shukla, H., Keall, P., Klahr, P., Mohan, R. (2006). Displacement-based binning of time-dependent computed tomography image data sets. Medical Physics, 33(1), 235-246. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Cattell, H., Pokhrel, D., Dieterich, S., Wong, K., Murphy, M., Vedam, S., Wijesooriya, K., Mohan, R. (2006). Geometric accuracy of a real-time target tracking system with dynamic multileaf collimator tracking system. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 65(5), 1579-1584. [More Information]
  • Dogan, N., Siebers, J., Keall, P., Lerma, F., Wu, Y., Fatyga, M., Williamson, J., Schmidt-Ullrich, R. (2006). Improving IMRT dose accuracy via deliverable Monte Carlo optimization for the treatment of head and neck cancer patients. Medical Physics, 33(1), 4033-4043. [More Information]
  • George, R., Ramakrishnan, V., Siebers, J., Chung, T., Keall, P. (2006). Investigation of patient, tumour and treatment variables affecting residual motion for respiratory-gated radiotherapy. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 51(20), 5305-5319. [More Information]
  • Sakthi, N., Keall, P., Mihaylov, I., Wu, Q., Wu, Y., Williamson, J., Schmidt-Ullrich, R., Siebers, J. (2006). Monte Carlo-based dosimetry of head-and-neck patients treated with SIB-IMRT. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 64(3), 968-977. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Vedam, S., George, R., Bartee, C., Siebers, J., Lerma, F., Weiss, E., Chung, T. (2006). The clinical implementation of respiratory-gated intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Medical Dosimetry, 31(2), 152-162. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Mageras, G., Balter, J., Emery, R., Forster, K., Jiang, S., Kapatoes, J., Low, D., Murphy, M., Murray, B. (2006). The management of respiratory motion in radiation oncology report of AAPM Task Group 76. Medical Physics, 33(10), 3874-3900. [More Information]
  • Fitzpatrick, M., Starkschall, G., Balter, P., Antolak, J., Guerrero, T., Nelson, C., Keall, P., Mohan, R. (2005). A novel platform simulating irregular motion to enhance assessment of respiration-correlated radiation therapy procedures. Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, 6(1), 13-21.
  • Wijesooriya, K., Bartee, C., Siebers, J., Vedam, S., Keall, P. (2005). Determination of maximum leaf velocity and acceleration of a dynamic multileaf collimator: Implications for 4D radiotherapy. Medical Physics, 32(4), 932-941. [More Information]
  • Vedam, S., Docef, A., Fix, M., Murphy, M., Keall, P. (2005). Dosimetric impact of geometric errors due to respiratory motion prediction on dynamic multileaf collimator-based four-dimensional radiation delivery. Medical Physics. [More Information]
  • Siebers, J., Keall, P., Wu, Q., Williamson, J., Schmidt-Ullrich, R. (2005). Effect of patient setup errors on simultaneously integrated boost head and neck IMRT treatment plans. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 63(2), 422-433. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Joshi, S., Vedam, S., Siebers, J., Kini, V., Mohan, R. (2005). Four-dimensional radiotherapy planning for DMLC-based respiratory motion tracking. Medical Physics, 32(4), 942-951. [More Information]
  • George, R., Keall, P., Kini, V., Vedam, S., Ramakrishnan, V., Mohan, R. (2005). Is the diaphragm motion probability density function normally distributed? Medical Physics, 32(2), 396-404. [More Information]
  • Weiss, E., Vorwerk, H., Keall, P., Pradier, O., Christiansen, H., Hille, A., Hess, C. (2005). Letter to the editor concerning Senan et al. Radiotherapy and Oncology, 72(3), 346-347.
  • Fix, M., Keall, P., Siebers, J. (2005). Photon-beam subsource sensitivity to the initial electron-beam parameters. Medical Physics, 32(4), 1164-1175. [More Information]
  • Venning, A., Nitschke, K., Keall, P., Baldock, C. (2005). Radiological properties of normoxic polymer gel dosimeters. Medical Physics, 32(4), 1047-1053.
  • Papiez, L., Rangaraj, D., Keall, P. (2005). Real-time DMLC IMRT delivery for mobile and deforming targets. Medical Physics, 32(9), 3037-3048. [More Information]
  • George, R., Vedam, S., Chung, T., Ramakrishnan, V., Keall, P. (2005). The application of the sinusoidal model to lung cancer patient respiratory motion. Medical Physics, 32(9), 2850-2861. [More Information]
  • Keall, P. (2004). 4-dimensional computed tomography imaging and treatment planning. Seminars in Radiation Oncology, 14(1), 81-90.
  • Keall, P., Starkschall, G., Shukla, H., Forster, K., Ortiz, V., Stevens, C., Vedam, S., George, R., Guerrero, T., Mohan, R. (2004). Acquiring 4D thoracic CT scans using a multislice helical method. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 49(10), 2053-2067.
  • Keall, P., Siebers, J., Joshi, S., Mohan, R. (2004). Monte Carlo as a four-dimensional radiotherapy treatment-planning tool to account for respiratory motion. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 49(16), 3639-3648.
  • Siebers, J., Kim, J., Ko, L., Keall, P., Mohan, R. (2004). Monte Carlo computation of dosimetric amorphous silicon electronic portal images. Medical Physics, 31(7), 2135-2146.
  • Fix, M., Keall, P., Dawson, K., Siebers, J. (2004). Monte Carlo source model for photon beam radiotherapy: photon source characteristics. Medical Physics, 31(11), 3106-3121.
  • Kang, S., Cho, B., Park, S., Park, H., Bae, H., Kim, J., Keall, P., Siebers, J. (2004). Monte Carlo-based treatment planning for a spoiler system with experimental validation using plane-parallel ionization chambers. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 49(22), 5145-5155.
  • Keall, P., Todor, A., Vedam, S., Bartee, C., Siebers, J., Kini, V., Mohan, R. (2004). On the use of EPID-based implanted marker tracking for 4D radiotherapy. Medical Physics, 31(12), 3492-3499.
  • Vedam, S., Keall, P., Docef, A., Todor, D., Kini, V., Mohan, R. (2004). Predicting respiratory motion for four-dimensional radiotherapy. Medical Physics, 31(8), 2274-2283.
  • Vedam, S., Keall, P., Kini, V., Mostafavi, H., Shukla, H., Mohan, R. (2003). Acquiring a four-dimensional computed tomography dataset using an external respiratory signal. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 48(1), 45-62.
  • Keall, P., Williamson, J. (2003). Clinical evidence that more precisely defined dose distributions will improve cancer survival and decrease morbidity. Medical Physics, 30(6), 1281-1282.
  • Keall, P., Siebers, J., Libby, B., Mohan, R. (2003). Determining the incident electron fluence for Monte Carlo-based photon treatment planning using a standard measured data set. Medical Physics, 30(4), 574-582.
  • Reft, C., Alecu, R., Das, I., Gerbi, B., Keall, P., Lief, E., Mijnheer, B., Papanikolaou, N., Sibata, C., Van Dyk, J. (2003). Dosimetric considerations for patients with HIP prostheses undergoing pelvic irradiation. Medical Physics, 30(6), 1162-1182.
  • Keall, P., Chock, L., Jeraj, R., Siebers, J., Mohan, R. (2003). Image reconstruction and the effect on dose calculation for hip prostheses. Medical Dosimetry, 28(2), 113-117.
  • Kini, V., Vedam, S., Keall, P., Patil, S., Chen, C., Mohan, R. (2003). Patient training in respiratory-gated radiotherapy. Medical Dosimetry, 28(1), 7-11.
  • George, R., Keall, P., Kini, V., Vedam, S., Siebers, J., Wu, Q., Lauterbach, M., Arthur, D., Mohan, R. (2003). Quantifying the effect of intrafraction motion during breast IMRT planning and dose delivery. Medical Physics, 30(4), 552-562.
  • Vedam, S., Kini, V., Keall, P., Ramakrishnan, V., Mostafavi, H., Mohan, R. (2003). Quantifying the predictability of diaphragm motion during respiration with a noninvasive external marker. Medical Physics, 30(4), 505-513.
  • Keall, P., Siebers, J., Jeraj, R., Mohan, R. (2003). Radiotherapy dose calculations in the presence of hip prostheses. Medical Dosimetry, 28(2), 107-112.
  • Keall, P., Lammering, G., Lin, P., Winter, D., Chung, T., Mohan, R., Schmidt-Ullrich, R. (2003). Tumor control probability predictions for genetic radiotherapy. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 57(1), 255-263.
  • Beckham, W., Keall, P., Siebers, J. (2002). A fluence-convolution method to calculate radiation therapy dose distributions that incorporate random set-up error. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 47(19), 3465-3473.
  • Siebers, J., Keall, P., Kim, J., Mohan, R. (2002). A method for photon beam Monte Carlo multileaf collimator particle transport. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 47(17), 3225-3249.
  • Liu, H., Keall, P., Hendee, W. (2002). Dm rather than Dw should be used in Monte Carlo treatment planning. Medical Physics, 29(5), 922-924.
  • Keall, P., Siebers, J. (2002). Dosimetric advantage of using 6 MV over 15 MV photons in conformal therapy of lung cancer: Monte Carlo studies in patient geometries. Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, 3(3), 260-260.
  • Siebers, J., Lauterbach, M., Keall, P., Mohan, R. (2002). Incorporating multi-leaf collimator leaf sequencing into iterative IMRT optimization. Medical Physics, 29(6), 952-959.
  • Keall, P., Kini, V., Vedam, S., Mohan, R. (2002). Potential radiotherapy improvements with respiratory gating. Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine, 25(1), 1-6.
  • Jeraj, R., Keall, P., Siebers, J. (2002). The effect of dose calculation accuracy on inverse treatment planning. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 47(3), 391-407.

Conferences

  • Ruan, D., Keall, P. (2011). Dynamic multileaf collimator control for motion adaptive radiotherapy: an optimization approach. 2011 IEEE Power Engineering and Automation Conference (PEAM 2011), Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America: (IEEE) Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. [More Information]

2014

  • Constantin, D., Holloway, L., Keall, P., Fahrig, R. (2014). A novel electron gun for inline MRI-linac configurations. Medical Physics, 41(2), 022301-1-022301-10. [More Information]
  • Colvill, E., Poulsen, P., Booth, J., O'Brien, R., Ng, J., Keall, P. (2014). DMLC tracking and gating can improve dose coverage for prostate VMAT. Medical Physics, 41(9), 1-10. [More Information]
  • Lee, D., Pollock, S., Whelan, B., Keall, P., Kim, T. (2014). Dynamic keyhole: A novel method to improve MR images in the presence of respiratory motion for real-time MRI. Medical Physics, 41(7). [More Information]
  • Oborn, B., Kolling, S., Metcalfe, P., Crozier, S., Litzenberg, D., Keall, P. (2014). Electron contamination modeling and reduction in a 1 T open bore inline MRI-linac system. Medical Physics, 41(5), 051708-1-15. [More Information]
  • Shieh, C., Kipritidis, J., O'Brien, R., Kuncic, Z., Keall, P. (2014). Image quality in thoracic 4D cone-beam CT: a sensitivity analysis of respiratory signal, binning method, reconstruction algorithm, and projection angular spacing. Medical Physics, 41(4), 041912-1-041912-18.
  • Suh, Y., Murray, W., Keall, P. (2014). IMRT Treatment Planning on 4D Geometries for the Era of Dynamic MLC Tracking. Technology in Cancer Research and Treatment, 13(6), 505-515. [More Information]
  • Sawant, A., Keall, P., Butts Pauly, K., Alley, M., Vasanawala, S., Loo, B., Hinkle, J., Joshi, S. (2014). Investigating the feasibility of rapid MRI for image-guided motion management in lung cancer radiotherapy. BioMed Research International, 2013, 1-7. [More Information]
  • Kolling, S., Oborn, B., Keall, P., Horvat, J. (2014). Magnetization curves of sintered heavy tungsten alloys for applications in MRI-guided radiotherapy. Medical Physics, 41(6), 1-6. [More Information]
  • Falk, M., Pommer, T., Keall, P., Korreman, S., Persson, G., Poulsen, P., af Rosenschold, P. (2014). Motion management during IMAT treatment of mobile lung tumors-A comparison of MLC tracking and gated delivery. Medical Physics, 41(10), 1-8. [More Information]
  • O'Brien, R., Kipritidis, J., Shieh, C., Keall, P. (2014). Optimizing 4DCBCT projection allocation to respiratory bins. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 59(19), 5631-5649. [More Information]
  • Yamamoto, T., Kabus, S., Lorenz, C., Mittra, E., Hong, J., Chung, M., Eclov, N., To, J., Diehn, M., Loo, B., Keall, P. (2014). Pulmonary Ventilation Imaging Based on 4-Dimensional Computed Tomography: Comparison With Pulmonary Function Tests and SPECT Ventilation Images. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, 90(2), 414-422. [More Information]
  • Ng, J., Booth, J., O'Brien, R., Colvill, E., Huang, C., Poulsen, P., Keall, P. (2014). Quality assurance for the clinical implementation of kilovoltage intrafraction monitoring for prostate cancer VMAT. Medical Physics, 41(11), 1-9. [More Information]
  • O'Brien, R., Cooper, B., Kipritidis, J., Shieh, C., Keall, P. (2014). Respiratory motion guided four dimensional cone beam computed tomography: Encompassing irregular breathing. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 59(3), 579-595. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Barton, M., Crozier, S., et al (2014). The Australian Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Linac Program. Seminars in Radiation Oncology, 24(3), 203-206. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Colvill, E., O'Brien, R., Ng, J., Poulsen, P., Eade, T., Kneebone, A., Booth, J. (2014). The first clinical implementation of electromagnetic transponder-guided MLC tracking. Medical Physics, 41(2), 020702-1-020702-5. [More Information]
  • Steel, H., Pollock, S., Lee, D., Keall, P., Kim, T. (2014). The internal-external respiratory motion correlation is unaffected by audiovisual biofeedback. Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine, 37(1), 97-102. [More Information]
  • Yang, J., Yamamoto, T., Mazin, S., Graves, E., Keall, P. (2014). The potential of positron emission tomography for intratreatment dynamic lung tumor tracking: a phantom study. Medical Physics, 41(2), 021718-1-021718-14. [More Information]
  • Ge, Y., O'Brien, R., Shieh, C., Booth, J., Keall, P. (2014). Toward the development of intrafraction tumor deformation tracking using a dynamic multi-leaf collimator. Medical Physics, 41(6), 061703-1-061703-10. [More Information]
  • Kipritidis, J., Siva, S., Hofman, M., Callahan, J., Hicks, R., Keall, P. (2014). Validating and improving CT ventilation imaging by correlating with ventilation 4D-PET/CT using 68Ga-labeled nanoparticles. Medical Physics, 41(1), 011910-1-011910-12. [More Information]

2013

  • Yamamoto, T., Kabus, S., Lorenz, C., Johnston, E., Maxim, P., Diehn, M., Eclov, N., Barquero, C., Loo, Jr., B., Keall, P. (2013). 4D CT lung ventilation images are affected by the 4D CT sorting method. Medical Physics, 40(10), 1-9. [More Information]
  • Pollock, S., Lee, D., Keall, P., Kim, T. (2013). Audiovisual biofeedback improves motion prediction accuracy. Medical Physics, 40(4), 041705-1-041705-9. [More Information]
  • Pommer, T., Falk, M., Poulsen, P., Keall, P., O'Brien, R., Petersen, P., af Rosenschold, P. (2013). Dosimetric benefit of DMLC tracking for conventional and sub-volume boosted prostate intensity-modulated arc radiotherapy. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 58(7), 2349-2361. [More Information]
  • Ng, J., Booth, J., Poulsen, P., Kuncic, Z., Keall, P. (2013). Estimation of effective imaging dose for kilovoltage intratreatment monitoring of the prostate position during cancer radiotherapy. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 58(17), 5983-5996. [More Information]
  • Balik, S., Weiss, E., Jan, N., Roman, N., Sleeman, W., Fatyga, M., Christensen, G., Zhang, C., Murphy, M., Lu, J., Keall, P., et al (2013). Evaluation of 4-dimensional Computed Tomography to 4-dimensional Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Deformable Image Registration for Lung Cancer Adaptive Radiation Therapy. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 86(2), 372-379. [More Information]
  • Kolling, S., Oborn, B., Keall, P. (2013). Impact of the MLC on the MRI field distortion of a prototype MRI-linac. Medical Physics, 40(12), 121705-1-121705-10. [More Information]
  • Rottman, J., Keall, P., Berbeco, R. (2013). Markerless EPID image guided dynamic multi-leaf collimator tracking for lung tumors. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 58(12), 4195-4204. [More Information]
  • O'Brien, R., Cooper, B., Keall, P. (2013). Optimizing 4D cone beam computed tomography acquisition by varying the gantry velocity and projection time interval. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 58(6), 1705-1723. [More Information]
  • Nasehi Tehrani, J., O'Brien, R., Poulsen, P., Keall, P. (2013). Real-time estimation of prostate tumor rotation and translation with a kV imaging system based on an iterative closest point algorithm. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 58(23), 8517-8533. [More Information]
  • Rottmann, J., Keall, P., Berbeco, R. (2013). Real-time soft tissue motion estimation for lung tumors during radiotherapy delivery. Medical Physics, 40(9), 091713-1-091713-7. [More Information]
  • Cooper, B., O'Brien, R., Balik, S., Hugo, G., Keall, P. (2013). Respiratory triggered 4D cone-beam computed tomography: A novel method to reduce imaging dose. Medical Physics, 40(4), 041901-1-041901-9. [More Information]
  • Pommer, T., Falk, M., Poulsen, P., Keall, P., O'Brien, R., af Rosenschold, P. (2013). The impact of leaf width and plan complexity on DMLC tracking of prostate intensity modulated arc therapy. Medical Physics, 40(11), 111717-1-111717-6. [More Information]
  • Bjerre, T., Crijns, S., af Rosenschold, P., Aznar, M., Specht, L., Larsen, R., Keall, P. (2013). Three-dimensional MRI-linac intra-fraction guidance using multiple orthogonal cine-MRI planes. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 58(14), 4943-4950. [More Information]
  • Ravkilde, T., Keall, P., Grau, C., Hoyer, M., Poulsen, P. (2013). Time-resolved dose distributions to moving targets during volumetric modulated arc therapy with and without dynamic MLC tracking. Medical Physics, 40(11), 111723-1-111723-8. [More Information]
  • Ravkilde, T., Keall, P., Grau, C., Hoyer, M., Poulsen, P. (2013). Time-resolved dose reconstruction by motion encoding of volumetric modulated arc therapy fields delivered with and without dynamic multi-leaf collimator tracking. Acta Oncologica, 52(7), 1497-1503. [More Information]

2012

  • Poulsen, P., Schmidt, M., Keall, P., Worm, E., Fledelius, W., Hoffmann, L. (2012). A method of dose reconstruction for moving targets compatible with dynamic treatments. Medical Physics, 39(10), 6237-6246. [More Information]
  • Kim, T., Pollock, S., Lee, D., O'Brien, R., Keall, P. (2012). Audiovisual biofeedback improves diaphragm motion reproducibility in MRI. Medical Physics, 39(11), 6921-6928. [More Information]
  • Wu, J., Ruan, D., Cho, B., Sawant, A., Petersen, J., Newell, L., Cattell, H., Keall, P. (2012). Electromagnetic Detection and Real-Time DMLC Adaptation to Target Rotation During Radiotherapy. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 82(3), e545-e553. [More Information]
  • Oborn, B., Metcalfe, P., Butson, M., Rosenfeld, A., Keall, P. (2012). Electron contamination modeling and skin dose in 6 MV longitudinal field MRIgRT: Impact of the MRI and MRI fringe field. Medical Physics, 39(2), 874-890. [More Information]
  • Cho, B., Poulsen, P., Ruan, D., Sawant, A., Keall, P. (2012). Experimental investigation of a general real-time 3D target localization method using sequential kV imaging combined with respiratory monitoring. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 57(22), 7395-7407. [More Information]
  • Poulsen, P., Fledelius, W., Cho, B., Keall, P. (2012). Image-Based Dynamic Multileaf Collimator Tracking of Moving Targets During Intensity-Modulated Arc Therapy. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 83(2), e265-e271. [More Information]
  • Ng, J., Booth, J., Poulsen, P., Fledelius, W., Worm, E., Eade, T., Hegi-Johnson, F., Kneebone, A., Kuncic, Z., Keall, P. (2012). Kilovoltage intrafraction monitoring for prostate intensity modulated arc therapy: First clinical results. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 84(5), e655-e661. [More Information]
  • Crocker, J., Ng, J., Keall, P., Booth, J. (2012). Measurement of patient imaging dose for real-time kilovoltage x-ray intrafraction tumour position monitoring in prostate patients. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 57(10), 2969-2980. [More Information]
  • Poulsen, P., Carl, J., Nielsen, J., Nielsen, M., Thomsen, J., Jensen, H., Kjaergaard, B., Zepernick, P., Worm, E., Fledelius, W., Keall, P., et al (2012). Megavoltage Image-Based Dynamic Multileaf Collimator Tracking of a NiTi Stent in Porcine Lungs on a Linear Accelerator. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 82(2), e321-e327. [More Information]
  • Yamamoto, T., Kabus, S., von Berg, J., Lorenz, C., Chung, M., Hong, J., Loo, B., Keall, P. (2012). Reproducibility of four-dimensional computed tomography-based lung ventilation imaging. Academic Radiology, 19(12), 1554-1565. [More Information]
  • Falk, M., Larsson, T., Keall, P., Chul Cho, B., Aznar, M., Korreman, S., Poulsen, P., af Rosenschold, P. (2012). The dosimetric impact of inversely optimized arc radiotherapy plan modulation for real-time dynamic MLC tracking delivery. Medical Physics, 39(3), 1588-1594. [More Information]
  • Yang, J., Yamamoto, T., Cho, B., Seo, Y., Keall, P. (2012). The impact of audio-visual biofeedback on 4D PET images: Results of a phantom study. Medical Physics, 39(2), 1046-1057. [More Information]

2011

  • Poulsen, P., Fledelius, W., Keall, P., Weiss, E., Lu, J., Brackbill, E., Hugo, G. (2011). A method for robust segmentation of arbitrarily shaped radiopaque structures in cone-beam CT projections. Medical Physics, 38(4), 2151-2156. [More Information]
  • Constantin, D., Fahrig, R., Keall, P. (2011). A study of the effect of in-line and perpendicular magnetic fields on beam characteristics of electron guns in medical linear accelerators. Medical Physics, 38(7), 4174-4185. [More Information]
  • Ruan, D., Keall, P. (2011). Dynamic multileaf collimator control for motion adaptive radiotherapy: an optimization approach. 2011 IEEE Power Engineering and Automation Conference (PEAM 2011), Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America: (IEEE) Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Sawant, A., Cho, B., Ruan, D., Wu, J., Poulsen, P., Petersen, J., Newell, L., Cattell, H., Korreman, S. (2011). Electromagnetic-Guided Dynamic Multileaf Collimator Tracking Enables Motion Management for Intensity-Modulated Arc Therapy. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 79(1), 312-320. [More Information]
  • Yoon, J., Sawant, A., Suh, Y., Cho, B., Suh, T., Keall, P. (2011). Experimental investigation of a moving averaging algorithm for motion perpendicular to the leaf travel direction in dynamic MLC target tracking. Medical Physics, 38(7), 3924-3931. [More Information]
  • Yamamoto, T., Kabus, S., Klinder, T., von Berg, J., Lorenz, C., Loo, Jr., B., Keall, P. (2011). Four-dimensional computed tomography pulmonary ventilation images vary with deformable image registration algorithms and metrics. Medical Physics, 38(3), 1348-1358. [More Information]
  • Ravkilde, T., Keall, P., Hojbjerre, K., Fledelius, W., Worm, E., Poulsen, P. (2011). Geometric accuracy of dynamic MLC tracking with an implantable wired electromagnetic transponder. Acta Oncologica, 50(6), 944-951. [More Information]
  • Carlson, D., Keall, P., Loo, B., Chen, Z., Brown, J. (2011). Hypofractionation results in reduced tumor cell kill compared to conventional fractionation for tumors with regions of hypoxia. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 79(4), 1188-1195. [More Information]
  • Yamamoto, T., Kabus, S., von Berg, J., Lorenz, C., Keall, P. (2011). Impact of Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography Pulmonary Ventilation Imaging-Based Functional Avoidance for Lung Cancer Radiotherapy. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 79(1), 279-288. [More Information]
  • Yamamoto, T., Kabus, S., Klinder, T., Lorenz, C., von Berg, J., Blaffert, T., Loo Jr, B., Keall, P. (2011). Investigation of four-dimensional computed tomography-based pulmonary ventilation imaging in patients with emphysematous lung regions. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 56(7), 2279-2298. [More Information]
  • Keall, P. (2011). Locating and targeting moving tumors with radiation beams. Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology, 43, 118-131. [More Information]
  • Constantin, M., Perl, J., LoSasso, T., Salop, A., Whittum, D., Narula, A., Svatos, M., Keall, P. (2011). Modeling the truebeam linac using a CAD to Geant4 geometry implementation: dose and IAEA-compliant phase space calculations. Medical Physics, 38(7), 4018-4024. [More Information]
  • Cho, B., Poulsen, P., Sawant, A., Ruan, D., Keall, P. (2011). Real-Time Target Position Estimation Using Stereoscopic Kilovoltage/Megavoltage Imaging and External Respiratory Monitoring for Dynamic Multileaf Collimator Tracking. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 79(1), 269-278. [More Information]
  • Fledelius, W., Keall, P., Cho, B., Yang, X., Morf, D., Scheib, S., Poulsen, P. (2011). Tracking latency in image-based dynamic MLC tracking with direct image access. Acta Oncologica, 50(6), 952-959. [More Information]

2010

  • Zhou, H., Rodriguez, M., Van Den Haak, F., Nelson, G., Jogani, R., Xu, J., Zhu, X., Xian, Y., Tran, P., Felsher, D., Keall, P., et al (2010). Development of a Micro-Computed Tomography-Based Image-Guided Conformal Radiotherapy System for Small Animals. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 78(1), 297-305. [More Information]
  • Poulsen, P., Cho, B., Ruan, D., Sawant, A., Keall, P. (2010). Dynamic Multileaf Collimator Tracking of Respiratory Target Motion Based on a Single Kilovoltage Imager During Arc Radiotherapy. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 77(2), 600-607. [More Information]
  • Poulsen, P., Cho, B., Sawant, A., Keall, P. (2010). Implementation of a new method for dynamic multileaf collimator tracking of prostate motion in arc radiotherapy using a single kV imager. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 76(3), 914-923. [More Information]
  • Motomura, A., Bazalova, M., Zhou, H., Keall, P., Graves, E. (2010). Investigation of the effects of treatment planning variables in small animal radiotherapy dose distributions. Medical Physics, 37(2), 590-599. [More Information]
  • Constantin, M., Constantin, D., Keall, P., Narula, A., Svatos, M., Perl, J. (2010). Linking computer-aided design (CAD) to Geant4-based Monte Carlo simulations for precise implementation of complex treatment head geometries. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 55(8), N211-N220. [More Information]
  • Ruan, D., Keall, P. (2010). Online prediction of respiratory motion: multidimensional processing with low-dimensional feature learning. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 55(11), 3011-3025. [More Information]
  • Langner, U., Keall, P. (2010). Quantification of artifact reduction with real-time cine four-dimensional computed tomography acquisition methods. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 76(4), 1242-1250. [More Information]
  • Falk, M., af Rosenschold, P., Keall, P., Cho, B., Poulsen, P., Povzner, S., Sawant, A., Zimmerman, J., Korreman, S. (2010). Real-time dynamic MLC tracking for inversely optimized arc radiotherapy. Radiotherapy and Oncology, 94(2), 218-223. [More Information]
  • Cho, B., Poulsen, P., Keall, P. (2010). Real-time tumor tracking using sequential kV imaging combined with respiratory monitoring: a general framework applicable to commonly used IGRT systems. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 55(12), 3299-3316. [More Information]

2009

  • Zhou, H., Keall, P., Graves, E. (2009). A bone composition model for Monte Carlo x-ray transport simulations. Medical Physics, 36(3), 1008-1018. [More Information]
  • Langner, U., Keall, P. (2009). Accuracy in the localization of thoracic and abdominal tumors using respiratory displacement, velocity, and phase. Medical Physics, 36(2), 386-393.
  • Rodriguez, M., Zhou, H., Keall, P., Graves, E. (2009). Commissioning of a novel microCT/RT system for small animal conformal radiotherapy. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 54(12), 3727-3740. [More Information]
  • Jabbari, K., Keall, P., Seuntjens, J. (2009). Considerations and limitations of fast Monte Carlo electron transport in radiation therapy based on precalculated data. Medical Physics, 36(2), 530-540. [More Information]
  • Zimmerman, J., Korreman, S., Persson, G., Cattell, H., Svatos, M., Sawant, A., Venkat, R., Carlson, D., Keall, P. (2009). DMLC motion tracking of moving targets for intensity modulated arc therapy treatment - a feasibility study. Acta Oncologica, 48(2), 245-250.
  • Keall, P. (2009). Evolving technological changes and the impact on our profession. Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine, 32(3), x-xi. [More Information]
  • Cho, B., Poulsen, P., Sloutsky, A., Sawant, A., Keall, P. (2009). First demonstration of combined kV/MV image-guided real-time dynamic multileaf-collimator target tracking. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 74(3), 859-867. [More Information]
  • Suh, Y., Sawant, A., Venkat, R., Keall, P. (2009). Four-dimensional IMRT treatment planning using a DMLC motion-tracking algorithm. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 54(12), 3821-3835. [More Information]
  • Ma, Y., Lee, L., Keshet, O., Keall, P., Xing, L. (2009). Four-dimensional inverse treatment planning with inclusion of implanted fiducials in IMRT segmented fields. Medical Physics, 36(6), 2215-2221. [More Information]
  • Smith, R., Sawant, A., Santanam, L., Venkat, R., Newell, L., Cho, B., Poulsen, P., Cattell, H., Keall, P., Parikh, P. (2009). Integration of real-time internal electromagnetic position monitoring coupled with dynamic multileaf collimator tracking: an intensity-modulated radiation therapy feasibility study. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 74(3), 868-875. [More Information]
  • Bazalova, M., Zhou, H., Keall, P., Graves, E. (2009). Kilovoltage beam Monte Carlo dose calculations in submillimeter voxels for small animal radiotherapy. Medical Physics, 36(11), 4991-4999.
  • Dogan, N., Mihaylov, I., Wu, Y., Keall, P., Siebers, J., Hagan, M. (2009). Monte Carlo dose verification of prostate patients treated with simultaneous integrated boost intensity modulated radiation therapy. Radiation Oncology, 4, 1-17. [More Information]
  • Ruan, D., Fessler, J., Balter, J., Keall, P. (2009). Real-time profiling of respiratory motion: baseline drift, frequency variation and fundamental pattern change. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 54(15), 4777-4792. [More Information]
  • Sawant, A., Smith, R., Venkat, R., Santanam, L., Cho, B., Poulsen, P., Cattell, H., Newell, L., Parikh, P., Keall, P. (2009). Toward submillimeter accuracy in the management of intrafraction motion: the integration of real-time internal position monitoring and multileaf collimator target tracking. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 74(2), 575-582. [More Information]

2008

  • Suh, Y., Weiss, E., Zhong, H., Fatyga, M., Siebers, J., Keall, P. (2008). A deliverable four-dimensional intensity-modulated radiation therapy-planning method for dynamic multileaf collimator tumor tracking delivery. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 71(5), 1526-1536. [More Information]
  • Poulsen, P., Cho, B., Keall, P. (2008). A method to estimate mean position, motion magnitude, motion correlation, and trajectory of a tumor from cone-beam CT projections for image-guided radiotherapy. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 72(5), 1587-1596. [More Information]
  • Cho, B., Suh, Y., Dieterich, S., Keall, P. (2008). A monoscopic method for real-time tumour tracking using combined occasional x-ray imaging and continuous respiratory monitoring. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 53(11), 2837-2855. [More Information]
  • Luxton, G., Keall, P., King, C. (2008). A new formula for normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) as a function of equivalent uniform dose (EUD). Physics in Medicine and Biology, 53(1), 23-36. [More Information]
  • Suh, Y., Dieterich, S., Cho, B., Keall, P. (2008). An analysis of thoracic and abdominal tumour motion for stereotactic body radiotherapy patients. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 53(13), 3623-3640. [More Information]
  • Yorke, E., Keall, P., Verhaegen, F. (2008). Anniversary paper: Role of medical physicists and the AAPM in improving geometric aspects of treatment accuracy and precision. Medical Physics, 35(3), 828-839. [More Information]
  • Weiss, E., Wijesooriya, K., Ramakrishnan, V., Keall, P. (2008). Comparison of intensity-modulated radiotherapy planning based on manual and automatically generated contours using deformable image registration in four-dimensional computed tomography of lung cancer patients. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 70(2), 572-581.e2. [More Information]
  • Venkat, R., Sawant, A., Suh, Y., George, R., Keall, P. (2008). Development and preliminary evaluation of a prototype audiovisual biofeedback device incorporating a patient-specific guiding waveform. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 53(11), N197-N208.
  • Weiss, E., Wijesooriya, K., Keall, P. (2008). Esophagus and spinal cord motion relative to GTV motion in four-dimensional CTs of lung cancer patients. Radiotherapy and Oncology, 87(1), 44-48. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Chang, M., Benedict, S., Thames, H., Vedam, S., Lin, P. (2008). Investigating the temporal effects of respiratory-gated and intensity-modulated radiotherapy treatment delivery on in vitro survival: an experimental and theoretical study. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 71(5), 1547-1552. [More Information]
  • Dieterich, S., Cleary, K., D’Souza, W., Murphy, M., Wong, K., Keall, P. (2008). Locating and targeting moving tumors with radiation beams. Medical Physics, 35(12), 5684-5694. [More Information]
  • Sawant, A., Venkat, R., Srivastava, V., Carlson, D., Povzner, S., Cattell, H., Keall, P. (2008). Management of three-dimensional intrafraction motion through real-time DMLC tracking. Medical Physics, 35(5), 2050-2061. [More Information]
  • George, R., Suh, Y., Murphy, M., Williamson, J., Weiss, E., Keall, P. (2008). On the accuracy of a moving average algorithm for target tracking during radiation therapy treatment delivery. Medical Physics, 35(6), 2356-2365. [More Information]
  • Langner, U., Keall, P. (2008). Prospective displacement and velocity-based cine 4D CT. Medical Physics, 35(10), 4501-4512. [More Information]
  • Wijesooriya, K., Weiss, E., Dill, V., Dong, L., Mohan, R., Joshi, S., Keall, P. (2008). Quantifying the accuracy of automated structure segmentation in 4D CT images using a deformable image registration algorithm. Medical Physics, 35(4), 1251-1260. [More Information]
  • Yamamoto, T., Langner, U., Loo, B., Shen, J., Keall, P. (2008). Retrospective analysis of artifacts in four-dimensional CT images of 50 abdominal and thoracic radiotherapy patients. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 72(4), 1250-1258. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Arief, I., Shamas, S., Weiss, E., Castle, S. (2008). The development and investigation of a prototype three-dimensional compensator for whole brain radiation therapy. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 53(9), 2267-2276. [More Information]
  • Poulsen, P., Cho, B., Langen, K., Kupelian, P., Keall, P. (2008). Three-dimensional prostate position estimation with a single x-ray imager utilizing the spatial probability density. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 53(16), 4331-4353. [More Information]

2007

  • Keall, P., Lauve, A., Hagan, M., Siebers, J. (2007). A strategy to correct for intrafraction target translation in conformal prostate radiotherapy: simulation results. Medical Physics, 34(6), 1944-1951. [More Information]
  • Weiss, E., Siebers, J., Keall, P. (2007). An analysis of 6-MV versus 18-MV photon energy plans for intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) of lung cancer. Radiotherapy and Oncology, 82(1), 55-62. [More Information]
  • Xing, L., Siebers, J., Keall, P. (2007). Computational Challenges for Image-Guided Radiation Therapy: Framework and Current Research. Seminars in Radiation Oncology. [More Information]
  • Graves, E., Zhou, H., Chatterjee, R., Keall, P., Gambhir, S., Contag, C., Boyer, A. (2007). Design and evaluation of a variable aperture collimator for conformal radiotherapy of small animals using a microCT scanner. Medical Physics, 34(11), 4359-4367. [More Information]
  • Suh, Y., Dieterich, S., Keall, P. (2007). Geometric uncertainty of 2D projection imaging in monitoring 3D tumor motion. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 52(12), 3439-3454. [More Information]
  • Weiss, E., Ramakrishnan, V., Keall, P. (2007). Is there a selection bias in radiotherapy dose-escalation protocols? International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 68(5), 1359-1365. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Webb, S. (2007). Optimum parameters in a model for tumour control probability, including interpatient heterogeneity: evaluation of the log-normal distribution. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 52(1), 291-302. [More Information]
  • Heath, E., Collins, D., Keall, P., Dong, L., Seuntjens, J. (2007). Quantification of accuracy of the automated nonlinear image matching and anatomical labeling (ANIMAL) nonlinear registration algorithm for 4D CT images of lung. Medical Physics, 34(11), 4409-4421. [More Information]
  • Chetty, I., Curran, B., Cygler, J., DeMarco, J., Ezzell, G., Faddegon, B., Kawrakow, I., Keall, P., Liu, H., Ma, C., et al (2007). Report of the AAPM Task Group No. 105: Issues associated with clinical implementation of Monte Carlo-based photon and electron external beam treatment planning. Medical Physics, 34(12), 4818-4853. [More Information]
  • Li, X., Keall, P., Orton, C. (2007). Respiratory gating for radiation therapy is not ready for prime time. Medical Physics, 34(3), 867-870. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Vedam, S., George, R., Williamson, J. (2007). Respiratory regularity gated 4D CT acquisition: concepts and proof of principle. Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine, 30(3), 211-220. [More Information]
  • Weiss, E., Wijesooriya, K., Dill, V., Keall, P. (2007). Tumor and normal tissue motion in the thorax during respiration: Analysis of volumetric and positional variations using 4D CT. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 67(1), 296-307. [More Information]

2006

  • George, R., Chung, T., Vedam, S., Ramakrishnan, V., Mohan, R., Weiss, E., Keall, P. (2006). Audio-visual biofeedback for respiratory-gated radiotherapy: impact of audio instruction and audio-visual biofeedback on respiratory-gated radiotherapy. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 65(3), 924-933. [More Information]
  • Dogan, N., Siebers, J., Keall, P. (2006). Clinical comparison of head and neck and prostate IMRT plans using absorbed dose to medium and absorbed dose to water. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 51(19), 4967-4980. [More Information]
  • Fitzpatrick, M., Starkschall, G., Antolak, J., Fu, J., Shukla, H., Keall, P., Klahr, P., Mohan, R. (2006). Displacement-based binning of time-dependent computed tomography image data sets. Medical Physics, 33(1), 235-246. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Cattell, H., Pokhrel, D., Dieterich, S., Wong, K., Murphy, M., Vedam, S., Wijesooriya, K., Mohan, R. (2006). Geometric accuracy of a real-time target tracking system with dynamic multileaf collimator tracking system. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 65(5), 1579-1584. [More Information]
  • Dogan, N., Siebers, J., Keall, P., Lerma, F., Wu, Y., Fatyga, M., Williamson, J., Schmidt-Ullrich, R. (2006). Improving IMRT dose accuracy via deliverable Monte Carlo optimization for the treatment of head and neck cancer patients. Medical Physics, 33(1), 4033-4043. [More Information]
  • George, R., Ramakrishnan, V., Siebers, J., Chung, T., Keall, P. (2006). Investigation of patient, tumour and treatment variables affecting residual motion for respiratory-gated radiotherapy. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 51(20), 5305-5319. [More Information]
  • Sakthi, N., Keall, P., Mihaylov, I., Wu, Q., Wu, Y., Williamson, J., Schmidt-Ullrich, R., Siebers, J. (2006). Monte Carlo-based dosimetry of head-and-neck patients treated with SIB-IMRT. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 64(3), 968-977. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Vedam, S., George, R., Bartee, C., Siebers, J., Lerma, F., Weiss, E., Chung, T. (2006). The clinical implementation of respiratory-gated intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Medical Dosimetry, 31(2), 152-162. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Mageras, G., Balter, J., Emery, R., Forster, K., Jiang, S., Kapatoes, J., Low, D., Murphy, M., Murray, B. (2006). The management of respiratory motion in radiation oncology report of AAPM Task Group 76. Medical Physics, 33(10), 3874-3900. [More Information]

2005

  • Fitzpatrick, M., Starkschall, G., Balter, P., Antolak, J., Guerrero, T., Nelson, C., Keall, P., Mohan, R. (2005). A novel platform simulating irregular motion to enhance assessment of respiration-correlated radiation therapy procedures. Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, 6(1), 13-21.
  • Wijesooriya, K., Bartee, C., Siebers, J., Vedam, S., Keall, P. (2005). Determination of maximum leaf velocity and acceleration of a dynamic multileaf collimator: Implications for 4D radiotherapy. Medical Physics, 32(4), 932-941. [More Information]
  • Vedam, S., Docef, A., Fix, M., Murphy, M., Keall, P. (2005). Dosimetric impact of geometric errors due to respiratory motion prediction on dynamic multileaf collimator-based four-dimensional radiation delivery. Medical Physics. [More Information]
  • Siebers, J., Keall, P., Wu, Q., Williamson, J., Schmidt-Ullrich, R. (2005). Effect of patient setup errors on simultaneously integrated boost head and neck IMRT treatment plans. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 63(2), 422-433. [More Information]
  • Keall, P., Joshi, S., Vedam, S., Siebers, J., Kini, V., Mohan, R. (2005). Four-dimensional radiotherapy planning for DMLC-based respiratory motion tracking. Medical Physics, 32(4), 942-951. [More Information]
  • George, R., Keall, P., Kini, V., Vedam, S., Ramakrishnan, V., Mohan, R. (2005). Is the diaphragm motion probability density function normally distributed? Medical Physics, 32(2), 396-404. [More Information]
  • Weiss, E., Vorwerk, H., Keall, P., Pradier, O., Christiansen, H., Hille, A., Hess, C. (2005). Letter to the editor concerning Senan et al. Radiotherapy and Oncology, 72(3), 346-347.
  • Fix, M., Keall, P., Siebers, J. (2005). Photon-beam subsource sensitivity to the initial electron-beam parameters. Medical Physics, 32(4), 1164-1175. [More Information]
  • Venning, A., Nitschke, K., Keall, P., Baldock, C. (2005). Radiological properties of normoxic polymer gel dosimeters. Medical Physics, 32(4), 1047-1053.
  • Papiez, L., Rangaraj, D., Keall, P. (2005). Real-time DMLC IMRT delivery for mobile and deforming targets. Medical Physics, 32(9), 3037-3048. [More Information]
  • George, R., Vedam, S., Chung, T., Ramakrishnan, V., Keall, P. (2005). The application of the sinusoidal model to lung cancer patient respiratory motion. Medical Physics, 32(9), 2850-2861. [More Information]

2004

  • Keall, P. (2004). 4-dimensional computed tomography imaging and treatment planning. Seminars in Radiation Oncology, 14(1), 81-90.
  • Keall, P., Starkschall, G., Shukla, H., Forster, K., Ortiz, V., Stevens, C., Vedam, S., George, R., Guerrero, T., Mohan, R. (2004). Acquiring 4D thoracic CT scans using a multislice helical method. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 49(10), 2053-2067.
  • Keall, P., Siebers, J., Joshi, S., Mohan, R. (2004). Monte Carlo as a four-dimensional radiotherapy treatment-planning tool to account for respiratory motion. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 49(16), 3639-3648.
  • Siebers, J., Kim, J., Ko, L., Keall, P., Mohan, R. (2004). Monte Carlo computation of dosimetric amorphous silicon electronic portal images. Medical Physics, 31(7), 2135-2146.
  • Fix, M., Keall, P., Dawson, K., Siebers, J. (2004). Monte Carlo source model for photon beam radiotherapy: photon source characteristics. Medical Physics, 31(11), 3106-3121.
  • Kang, S., Cho, B., Park, S., Park, H., Bae, H., Kim, J., Keall, P., Siebers, J. (2004). Monte Carlo-based treatment planning for a spoiler system with experimental validation using plane-parallel ionization chambers. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 49(22), 5145-5155.
  • Keall, P., Todor, A., Vedam, S., Bartee, C., Siebers, J., Kini, V., Mohan, R. (2004). On the use of EPID-based implanted marker tracking for 4D radiotherapy. Medical Physics, 31(12), 3492-3499.
  • Vedam, S., Keall, P., Docef, A., Todor, D., Kini, V., Mohan, R. (2004). Predicting respiratory motion for four-dimensional radiotherapy. Medical Physics, 31(8), 2274-2283.

2003

  • Vedam, S., Keall, P., Kini, V., Mostafavi, H., Shukla, H., Mohan, R. (2003). Acquiring a four-dimensional computed tomography dataset using an external respiratory signal. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 48(1), 45-62.
  • Keall, P., Williamson, J. (2003). Clinical evidence that more precisely defined dose distributions will improve cancer survival and decrease morbidity. Medical Physics, 30(6), 1281-1282.
  • Keall, P., Siebers, J., Libby, B., Mohan, R. (2003). Determining the incident electron fluence for Monte Carlo-based photon treatment planning using a standard measured data set. Medical Physics, 30(4), 574-582.
  • Reft, C., Alecu, R., Das, I., Gerbi, B., Keall, P., Lief, E., Mijnheer, B., Papanikolaou, N., Sibata, C., Van Dyk, J. (2003). Dosimetric considerations for patients with HIP prostheses undergoing pelvic irradiation. Medical Physics, 30(6), 1162-1182.
  • Keall, P., Chock, L., Jeraj, R., Siebers, J., Mohan, R. (2003). Image reconstruction and the effect on dose calculation for hip prostheses. Medical Dosimetry, 28(2), 113-117.
  • Kini, V., Vedam, S., Keall, P., Patil, S., Chen, C., Mohan, R. (2003). Patient training in respiratory-gated radiotherapy. Medical Dosimetry, 28(1), 7-11.
  • George, R., Keall, P., Kini, V., Vedam, S., Siebers, J., Wu, Q., Lauterbach, M., Arthur, D., Mohan, R. (2003). Quantifying the effect of intrafraction motion during breast IMRT planning and dose delivery. Medical Physics, 30(4), 552-562.
  • Vedam, S., Kini, V., Keall, P., Ramakrishnan, V., Mostafavi, H., Mohan, R. (2003). Quantifying the predictability of diaphragm motion during respiration with a noninvasive external marker. Medical Physics, 30(4), 505-513.
  • Keall, P., Siebers, J., Jeraj, R., Mohan, R. (2003). Radiotherapy dose calculations in the presence of hip prostheses. Medical Dosimetry, 28(2), 107-112.
  • Keall, P., Lammering, G., Lin, P., Winter, D., Chung, T., Mohan, R., Schmidt-Ullrich, R. (2003). Tumor control probability predictions for genetic radiotherapy. International Journal of Radiation: Oncology - Biology - Physics, 57(1), 255-263.

2002

  • Beckham, W., Keall, P., Siebers, J. (2002). A fluence-convolution method to calculate radiation therapy dose distributions that incorporate random set-up error. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 47(19), 3465-3473.
  • Siebers, J., Keall, P., Kim, J., Mohan, R. (2002). A method for photon beam Monte Carlo multileaf collimator particle transport. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 47(17), 3225-3249.
  • Liu, H., Keall, P., Hendee, W. (2002). Dm rather than Dw should be used in Monte Carlo treatment planning. Medical Physics, 29(5), 922-924.
  • Keall, P., Siebers, J. (2002). Dosimetric advantage of using 6 MV over 15 MV photons in conformal therapy of lung cancer: Monte Carlo studies in patient geometries. Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, 3(3), 260-260.
  • Siebers, J., Lauterbach, M., Keall, P., Mohan, R. (2002). Incorporating multi-leaf collimator leaf sequencing into iterative IMRT optimization. Medical Physics, 29(6), 952-959.
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